the leading cause of death in the United States is....

1
the leading cause of death in the United States
is....
A) creutzfeld-jakob disease (CJD) B)
malaria C) HIV/AIDS (and associated
infections) D) cardiovascular disease E) west
nile virus F) cancer G) malnutrition
2
Major Cardiovascular Risk Factors Hypertension
(high blood pressure) Cigarette
smoking Obesity Physical inactivity Diabetes
mellitus Age (older than 55 for men, 65 for
women) Family history of premature cardiovascular
disease (men under age 55 or women under age
65)
Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee
on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and
Treatment of High Blood Pressure (2003)
http//www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/hypertension/j
ncintro.htm
3
what causes high blood pressure?
Cholesterol and triglycerides are transported in
the bloodstream in particles called lipoproteins
(lipids that are bound to specific proteins!)
Cholesterol - part of cell membranes and used
to make steroids in your body
Triglycerides - contain fatty acids, a major
source of energy BUT...increased dietary fat
intake (particularly saturate fats) and decreased
ability to get rid of lipids (due to genetic
history or being a couch potato) can lead to the
accumulation of triglyceride- and
cholesterol-rich ("low density") lipoproteins in
blood and artery walls. These accumulations
are "oxidized" forms of the lipoproteins, hence
one of the reasons that "antioxidants" (found
for example in many fruits, vegetables and green
tea) are often promoted
plaque
http//www.nutrition.arizona.edu/nsc101/chap11/ch1
1.htm
4
from the National Heart, Lung Blood
Institutes (NHLBI) FAQ page
Q. What do saturated fat, trans fat, and cholesterol in foods have to do with heart disease?
A. Saturated fat, trans fat, and cholesterol in the diet all raise the level of LDL "bad" cholesterol in the blood. The higher the LDL cholesterol, the greater the risk for coronary heart disease (CHD), the main form of heart disease and a leading cause of death, illness, and disability in the United States. Saturated fat and trans fat raise LDL similarly, but Americans consume 4-5 times as much saturated fat as trans fat. Saturated fat is the chief dietary culprit that raises LDL, but consumers need to know about all 3 - saturated fat, trans fat, and cholesterol - in the foods they eat to reduce their risk or CHD and stay heart-healthy.
5
more from the National Heart, Lung Blood
Institutes FAQ page
High amounts of saturated fat are found in animal
products, such as fatty cuts of meat, chicken
skin, and full-fat dairy products like butter,
whole milk, cream, and cheese, and in tropical
vegetable oils such as palm, palm kernel, and
coconut oil. Trans fat is found in some of the
same foods as saturated fat, such as vegetable
shortening, some margarines (especially hard or
stick margarine), crackers, cookies, baked goods,
fried foods, salad dressings, and other processed
foods made with partially hydrogenated vegetable
oils. Small amounts of trans fat also occur
naturally in some animal products, such as milk
products, beef, and lamb. Foods high in
cholesterol include liver, other organ meats, egg
yolks, shrimp, and full-fat dairy products
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Dietary recommendations to lower the risk of high
blood pressure?
Consume a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and
low-fat dairy products with a reduced content of
saturated and total fat. Reduce dietary sodium
intake to 2.4 g sodium or 6 g sodium chloride
(that's about 1 teaspoon!)
Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee
on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and
Treatment of High Blood Pressure (2003)
http//www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/hypertension/j
ncintro.htm
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from atkins.com
More recently, the Framingham researchers
reported on a study in which the young, healthy,
male population of the community was followed for
several decades to see which dietary patterns
might lead to having a stroke. To their
amazement, they found that those with the highest
intake of saturated fats had the fewest ischemic
strokes (the most common kinds), a whopping 76
percent less than those with the lowest intake of
saturated fat8
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From a report on the Framingham study web page
It was in Framingham that cholesterol became
a villain in the story of heart disease. This
fat-like substance, which is needed by cells, can
build up inside the arteries and lead to heart
attack or stroke. Cholesterol travels through the
bloodstream in several forms including
low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density
lipoprotein (HDL). LDL is bad cholesterol
because it deposits extra cholesterol on the
walls of the arteries. HDL is good cholesterol
because it removes cholesterol from the arteries.
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from southbeachdiet.com
Phase 3 Meal Plan Sample Breakfast 1/2
grapefruit Egg-white omelet with salsa 1 slice
multigrain bread Decaffeinated coffee or
decaffeinated tea with nonfat milk and sugar
substitute Lunch Roast-beef wrap Fresh apple
Dinner Moroccan grilled chicken Steamed
asparagus Couscous Mediterranean salad Olive
oil and vinegar to taste Dessert Strawberries
with vanilla yogurt
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compiled from atkins.com
BREAKFASTBacon, Avocado and Jack Cheese Omelets
with Fresh Salsa decaf coffee/tea LUNCH roast
beef sandwich on multigrain sliced
bread apple DINNER Chile Maple Mustard Ribs
Macaroni and Cauliflower Salad DESERT Berry and
Mousse Parfait no alcohol!!!
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(No Transcript)