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Progressive Movement

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promoting or favoring progress towards better conditions or ... Grand Canyon, Petrified Forest, Pelican Island. He was a popular President in the public eye ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Progressive Movement


1
Progressive Movement
  • Beginning in the 1890s

2
What is Progressive
  • - moving forward
  • - promoting or favoring progress towards better
    conditions or new policies, ideas, or methods

3
Problems of the time
  • Poverty
  • Spread of slums in the cities
  • Poor conditions in factories
  • Economic depression in the 1890s
  • Corrupt political machines
  • Corporations gain control of economy and
    government

4
Political Corruption
  • Every major city was dominated by a political
    machine
  • Controlled votes, courts, and police
  • Gave favors to voters to stay in power
  • Businesses began to hire lobbyists
  • People paid to represent a company or special
    interest group in government

5
Reformers Organize
  • Will establish specific goals and objectives

6
Objectives and Goals
  • Fight Corruption
  • Support Anti-Trust Policies
  • Reform Government
  • Expand Democracy
  • Supported Womens Suffrage
  • Promote Social Welfare
  • Temperance Movement
  • Child Labor and Working Conditions
  • Create Economic Reform
  • Progressive Income Tax

7
Writers Help Uncover the Corruption
  • Muckrakers (journalists)
  • Write about corruption
  • Informs public
  • Led to the public demand for reform
  • Upton Sinclairs The Jungle meat packing
    industry
  • Political Cartoons

8
Expanding Democracy
  • Initiative- allow voters to propose laws
    directly
  • Referendum- proposed laws would be submitted to
    the vote of the people
  • Recall- can vote an official out of office

9
Promoting social welfare
  • Jane Addams- created Hull House
  • Supports the poor
  • Helps unemployed
  • Florence Kelley
  • Pushed for minimum wage
  • Push for limits of womens working hours
  • New laws enforcing age requirements for
    employment
  • Support for workers compensation

10
  • Jane Addams

11
  • Hull House

12
  • Hull House Children

13
Hull House
14
Prohibitionists and Social Welfare
  • Belief Alcohol causes poverty, crime, and other
    social problems
  • Created Temperance Movement in 1800s
  • Wanted to limit or prohibit alcohol production
    and consumption
  • Led to the 18th Amendment (1919) to the U.S.
    Constitution

15
Create Economic Reform
  • Anti-Trust policies were called for
  • Limit monopolistic actions
  • Price-Dropping
  • Buying stock in competitor's businesses
  • Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890
  • Made it illegal to form trusts

16
Standard Oil
17
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18
Theodore Roosevelt
  • First progressive president
  • Became president after McKinleys assassination
  • Was Vice President
  • Famous for fighting in the Spanish American War
  • Became president at age 42
  • Immediately began breaking trusts
  • Government is an umpire
  • Role is to ensure fairness
  • Square Deal

19
Teddy
20
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21
Square Deal
  • To root out crookedness
  • Enforced Sherman Antitrust Act
  • First targeted railroads and Standard Oil
  • Read The Jungle
  • Investigated meat-packing industry
  • Did not fight for civil rights
  • Too risky

22
Conservation
  • Teddy was an outdoorsman and hunter
  • Advocate for wildlife
  • He recognized the gradual loss of natural
    resources
  • Established first wildlife refuge
  • National Parks and Monuments
  • Grand Canyon, Petrified Forest, Pelican Island
  • He was a popular President in the public eye

23
William Howard Taft
  • Handpicked by Roosevelt to continue Progressive
    Reform
  • Republican - won election in 1908
  • Defeated Eugene V. Debs and William Jennings
    Bryan
  • Continued to attack trusts
  • Did not focus on conservation
  • Two progressive amendments passed to the US
    Constitution

24
  • Taft

25
16th and 17th Amendments
  • Sixteenth Amendment
  • Gave congress power to create income taxes
  • Became main source of federal revenue
  • Seventeenth Amendment
  • Direct election of Senators by voters in each
    state
  • Was elected by state legislatures in past
  • Ended corruption and bargaining

26
Progressive Income Tax
  • The more you make, the more you pay
  • 2008

27
Roosevelt Returns
  • Roosevelt is upset that Taft did not battle big
    business with the same tenacity
  • Roosevelt is upset that Taft avoids fighting for
    Conservation Reforms
  • Roosevelt will challenge Taft and run for
    President

28
Election of 1912
  • Split in Republican party
  • Taft Incumbent (previously held the office)
  • Roosevelt Conservatism/Progressive
  • Taft wins candidacy for party
  • Theodore Roosevelt - Bull Moose Party
  • A third party
  • Woodrow Wilson of New Jersey Democrat
  • Eugene V. Debs Socialist

29
How the votes came in.
30
How the votes came in.
31
Cartoons!! Who is who?
32
Woodrow Wilson
  • Wins the
    Election

33
Wilson as a Progressive Reformer
  • Fight against monopolies
  • Help workers fight big business
  • Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914
  • Cannot buy stocks of competitors
  • Unions can merge and expand
  • Limits ability of courts to end strikes
  • Legalized strikes, picketing, and boycotts

34
Wilson as a Progressive Reformer
  • 1913 Federal Reserve Act
  • District Federal Banking
  • Federal interest rate to change money supply
  • More money available low interest rate
  • Less money available high interest rate
  • Did not act on civil rights
  • Supported segregation

35
Wilson a Prohibitionist
  • 18th Amendment in 1919
  • Prohibited the manufacture and sale of alcohol
  • Philosophy of Prohibition
  • Will lower poverty
  • Will lower unemployment
  • Will lower violence
  • More efficient labor
  • Prohibition would not last long

36
Other Progressive Accomplishments
  • Improved public education
  • Child labor laws and regulations were
  • strengthened with federal laws
  • Passage of food and drug regulations
  • Accurate labeling and production regulations to
    promote food safety
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