Urban Public Transport Reformation in Bali, Indonesia

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Urban Public Transport Reformationin Bali,
Indonesia
Ahmad Munawar Department of Civil and
Environmental Engineering, Gadjah Mada
University, INDONESIA
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Background

• In Denpasar (the capital of Bali Province)
• Population 572,000
• Existing urban public transport is very poor
• Lack of monitoring and control of urban public
  transport
• 2.5 percent of the trip using urban public
  transport
• About 459,000 cars and 360,000 motorcycles
• The first tourist destination in Indonesia, but
  tourists usually use tourist buses or taxis

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Bali Urban Area
Sarbagita Denpasar Badung Gianyar Tabanan
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Methodology

• Review existing condition
• Surveys
• Land use, geometry
• Traffic volumes
• Interview for non user
• Existing demand and passenger interviews
• Analysis
• Transport modeling
• Alternative improvement multi criteria method
• Economic analysis
• Urban Public transport reform plan

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Existing

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Road performance (morning peak)
N
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Road performance (evening peak)
N
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Existing Urban Public Transport Network
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Existing public transport condition
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Urban public transport performance
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Timing for public transport improvement
Desirable path
Public Transport mode share
Feasible
Unfeasible
Difficult
Do-nothing-path
Feasible
Timing Indicator
Appropriate
Early
Late
Source Morichi (2007)
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Journey Purpose for Public Transport Users
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Percentage of Using Public Transport if the
Quality is Better
Moda Sepeda Motor
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Transport Modeling
Potential Travel Demand Analysis
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Trip generation and attraction
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Service area identification

• The main factor to be considered potential
  travel demand.
• Six potential corridors
• Ngurah Rai Airport - City - Batu Bulan
• Ngurah Rai Airport - Kuta - Kerobokan
• Kuta - Gajah Mada - Hang Tuah - Sanur
• Mengwi - City Benoa
• Darmasaba - A. Yani Sanglah
• Nusa Dua - Sanur (Jl. By Pass Ngurah Rai)

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Six corridors 1. Bandara Ngurah Rai Kota Batu
Bulan 2. Bandara Ngurah Rai Kuta
Petitenget 3. Canggu Gajah Mada Hang Tuah
Sanur 4. Mengwi Kota Benoa 5. Darmasaba A.
Yani Sanglah 6. Nusa Dua Sanur (Jl. Ngurah
Rai By Pass)
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Route Priority

• Three out of six corridors will be chosen to be
  implemented first.
• Six parameters to be considered to choose the
  route priority, i.e.
• Potential travel demand
• Route length
• Route directness
• Accessibility
• Overlapping
• Connectivity

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Three alternatives

• Alternative 1 corridor 1 - 3 6
• Alternative 2corridor 1 - 4 - 6
• Alternative 3 corridor 1 - 2 5
• By using multi criteria analysis
• The best alternative alt. 2

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Infrastructure
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Number of buses
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Jenis bus yang digunakan
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Bus shelter design
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Lay out
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Using smart card easy to use

• Ticketing system
• Single trip
• Weekly
• Monthly

Developed by local industry Cheaper
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Hot Tip
Bus shelter locations
SPBU SETIABUDI
PASAR KUTA
JOGER
PLAZA BALI MALL
KOMPLEK TNI
TOYOTA
GATOT KACA
BANDARA NGURAH RAI
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Bus shelter locations
PASAR ABIAN TIMBUL
MAZDA
ALFA
SUNSET ROAD
BALI BAKERY
CENTRAL PARKIR KUTA
SPBU SETIA BUDI
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Bus shelter locations
TERMINAL TEGAL
GUNUNG KARANG
CEMPAKA PUTIH
BATANNYUH
TEUKU UMAR
BANK BCA
GUNUNG SARI
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Bus shelter locations
TERMINAL BATU BULAN
SEKAR TUNJUNG
BANK BRI
SEROJA
BRIMOB
SARASWATI
TRENGGULI
GATOT SUBROTO
AHMAD YANI
SIMPANG TOHPATI
SIMPANG UBUNG
TIARA GROSIR
HOS COKROAMINOTO
GAMBUH
SIMPANG GAJAHMADA
GUNUNG BATUR
TERMINAL TEGAL
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Tariff analysis
If there is no subsidy the fare gt vehicle
operating cost (VOC).   VOC bus/km Rp.
3,105 VOC per passenger per km Rp. 208 (load
factor 40 ) Average route length 21 km Fare
per passenger Rp. 208 x 21 km Rp. 4,368   It
has been calculated to give 10 profit to the
operator. Profit 10 10 x Rp. 4,368 Rp.
437 Fare per passenger with 10 profit Rp.
4,368 Rp 437 Rp. 4,805   If the fare lt Rp.
4,368 need government
subsidy  
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Organization reform The bus management system
will be changed to the new system, called buy the
service system. The management will be
organized by a joint organization among the
government, existing bus cooperatives and bus
operators. The existing bus operators will be
included in the new system, but they have to
improve the service and also bus quality
according to the minimum standard.
Terima Kasih
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Conclusion

• Hopefully, the public transport reform in Bali
  will give more reliable and attractive urban
  public transport in this area.