Title: Development of a New Simulation Software for Visual Ergonomy of a Cockpit
1Development of a New Simulation Software for
Visual Ergonomy of a Cockpit
2Author team
- OPTIS Optics Software development
- Jacques Delacour (President)
- Pascal Martinez (Vice-President)
- Laurent Fournier Eric Humbert (Physicist
Software Dvt) - Gunther Hasna (Benchmark Group Manager)
- NEMOPTIC LCD manufacturer
- Jean-François LEGAY (Engineer)
- IMNSSA Military Medical Department
- Jean-Pierre MENU (Specialist in vision in
aeronautics co-author of Operational Colour
Vision in The Modern Aviation Environment)
3Light is everywhere!
4OPTIS Solutions
Optics
Photometry Colorimetry
Environment lighting
Physics based Photo-realism
5The Needs we address
- More and more information are displayed in a
cockpit. Harnessing color and light environment
is the key to - Improve detection
- Avoid tiredness
- For safety reasons, these information must be
clear and readable - What level of light? Which color?
- How uniform ? How big ? Which resolution?
- And to answer what if
- The sun was in a given direction?
- I use Head-Up displays, Night Vision Devices
6A380 Cockpit
A380 cockpit Courtesy of Airbus Industry
7Goal of this development
- Simulate the lighting environment of a cockpit
- Evaluate the light level and color for displayed
information - Determine the effect of the ambient light
- Simulate the effect of the sun / landing lights
- Simulate the physiological human vision
- Simulate the eye response to light/color
- Simulate the eye perception
- Analyze a detectable/non detectable signal
8Software Environment
- CAD/CAM software compatible via native format
files and STEP, IGES - Integrated in CATIA V5 environment
- Based on our SPEOS photometry simulation software
(used by Dassault Aviation / BAE / EADS / Lear) - Based on Nemoptic and CNRS research center for
LCD modules simulation - Using OPTIS Extended optical library of
materials, surface qualities and sources
9Problem definition
- There are many issues to solve during the
development process of a cockpit - the choice of display technology CRT, LCD.
- the use of ISO visual standards related to the
use of color on displays. - the position of the displays and information
- the problem of contrast reduction due to
reflected ambient light - the problem of contrast reduction due to direct
light and background - the detection of information
- Night Vision Devices
10Algorithm
Instruments
3D SCENE (CAD/CAM) optical properties
11OPTIS Photometric simulation
- More than 10 years RD in simulation of
- Light emission (incandescent, discharge, LED,
sun, Black bodies, LCD) - Optical propagation (spectral absorbing and
diffusing material air, fog, ) - Photons/Matter interaction (diffusion, BRDF,
BTDF, color, ) - Based on an optimized Monte-Carlo approach
- Fully spectral approach from UV to IR
12Photometric simulation
13Colorimetry Visual standards
- Results are compared to International standards
- ISO part 8 of ISO 9241
- Military standards
- MIL-S-22885
- Specifications compliance
14CRT LCD display models
- First model for CRT LCD Integrators
- Emittance spectral BMP
- 3D Intensity distribution (IES format file)
- Glass material and coating
- Total emitted flux
15CRT LCD display models (2)
- For display system designer
- Backlighting ( LCD)
- Handling of light guides complex geometry coming
from CAD/CAM software, adding thousands of
evolutive 3D patterns for the backlighting
16CRT LCD display models (3)
- For display system designer
- (Backlighting ) LCD
- LCD simulation (OptisNemoptic) handling
- the physical behavior of the liquid crystal
- Polarization effects
- Transmitted and reflected light effects
17Color washout
- SPEOS computes the multiple light reflection into
the 3D system, coming from all the sources - After hitting the window of the display, light
will be partly diffused onto the direction of the
pilote - This additionnal light will impact the contrast
of the displayed information
18Color Washout (results)
19Eye model Response to light
- High range of dynamic 10-6 to 108 cd/m²
- Two kind of photoreceptors
- Cones (Color cells) red, green and blue sensitive
type in central vision - Luminosity cells in peripheral vision
Day vision
5.10-2 cd/m²
0.35 cd/m²
0.7 cd/m²
20Eye model Detection
- Ambient light generates
- Contrast reduction of the display (seen)
- Loss of sensitivity adaptation of the eye
- High level of luminance scene
Photometric response before applying eye model
Eye model the grey cross is not detected
21Cockpit Simulation Day
Sun effect on the retinae
Left part Ambient light
22Cockpit Simulation Night
Night vision on the retinae
Left part Ambient light
23Eye Model spatial response
- It is the angular response of the eye, depending
on - The distance to the fovea
- The level of light
24Cockpit Simulation - Night
Original result
25Eye Model focusing
- In a 3D scene, when looking at a precise spot,
the eye is making a focus adaptation on this
point. Other part are becoming flou
26Validation
- Photometric models have been fully validated on
industrial applications - Easy to isolate Photometric/Physiologic points
- Physiological models are based on experiments
litterature - Difficult to isolate Eye process / Brain process
- Possible to take into account vision defects,
age, presence of goggles
27Conclusion
- OPTIS now introduces the first Visual Ergonomics
Simulation Software which is the meeting point of
- Simulation
- CAD/CAM
- Ergonomics
- Solution based on a unique 12 years RD program
on photometric simulation - Available now as a standalone package
- Integrated in Catia V5 in the next 6 months for
CATIA and MSC.Software users - OPTIS / Visual Ergonomics will provide
aeronautics engineers with a communication tool
with pilots and focus groups of passengers
28OPTIS / Visual Ergonomics
- Thanks for your attention
- www.optis-world.com