Povertymapping work by Loma Linda University LLU, Univ' of Redlands U of R and other partners: CSUPC

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Poverty-mapping work by Loma Linda University
(LLU), Univ. of Redlands (U of R) and other
partnersCSUP-CGISR, CEEMast, and ESSE21
Robert E. Ford, Professor Social Policy
Sustainable Development Loma Linda University,
School of Science and Technology August 11,
2004 ESRI-UC San Diego, CA
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-School Science Tech.-Geoinformatics Lab
-School of Public Health
New Grantee and Partner with ESSE21 Earth
System Science Education for the 21st Century
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NASAs Earth Science Enterprise
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LLUs focus SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE and links to
SOCIAL POLICY and HEALTH
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SOME EXISTING COURSES IN SOCIAL POLICY HEALTH
GEOINFORMATICS andEARTH SYSTEMS SCIENCE
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Geoinformatics Lab/SPH Training Research
Adding over next 1-2 years new courses
in -Remote Sensing -Systems modeling -Applied
Earth Systems Science -Field Courses.and
research (Africa, Asia, Latin America, US
southwest)
WORKING with PARTNERS such as
Applied focus -Poverty-mapping and social
capital -Community-based natural resource
management -Disaster mitigation and humanitarian
relief -Global health and social
policy -Biodiversity and conservation -Global
change and sustainability
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Where You Are Has a Great Influence on the Kind
of Information You Want and Need.

• Faculty involved have strong FIELD EXPERIENCE
• new courses will have applied focus in real
  places in Developing countries such as
• Fiji - Pacific
• Central America
• Caribbean
• Africa

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Some key FACULTY include
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• Sam Soret is from Spain
• Seth Wiafe is from Ghana
• Both have extensive experience both abroad and
  in the US

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Burkina Faso 1975-77 1993
China, Japan,Thailand.
HAITI / DR 1972 - 2001
Marshall Islands
Ghana Gabon Mali Malawi S. Africa Eritrea
RWANDA KENYA 1983-1993, 2001-2
Utah
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Robert Fords Personal Links to Central America
Frisco 1949
Near La Ceiba
Trip thru Peten 1930s
Guanaja - 1957
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MOSQUITO COAST 1998 Fulbright Scholar
Guanaja damage to forests
Guanaja
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WCSLC Mayterm Field Course - 1999
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NEXT PHASE Poverty-mapping and CDNRM
(Community-based Natural Resource Management)
To document social and environmental change,
and to support work by several NGOs (and others)
active in combating poverty and resource
degradation, e.g. REHDES, FUCAGUA, BICA, UNAH,
FUCSA,...
I just returned three weeks ago from the region
planning for research projects and for possible
participation with initiatives just beginning
with multilateral and bilateral Agencies, e.g.
IDB, USAID, etc.
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Many changes are affecting the region and need
to be documented and mitigated
Increasing gap between Rich Poorurbanization,
declining agriculture
Stress on Natural Capital, e.g. wetlands, reefs,
forest biodiversity loss, e.g. Manatees, birds,
iguanas
1975
Socio-economic changes, e.g. tourism,
fisheries, trade embargoes, ethnic/demographic
conflict, drugs, crime, sewage, health, land
conflict, disease risk....
West Bay, Roatan
2004
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GOAL OVER NEXT 2-3 YEARS DO DETAILED CASE
STUDY ANALYSIS of POVERTY, ENVIRONMENT, SOCIAL
CHANGE, AND SPATIAL LINKAGES ON THE gt MOSQUITO
COAST, THE BAY ISLANDS EAST AFRICA, FIJI, JAMAICA
And now two brief examples of ongoing work by
students -Gideon Mazinga, LLU (Malawi) -Adrian
Fitzgerald, University of Redlands (USA) -NEW
STUDENT Starting Sep. 04 from Honduras Eddie
McField (former HABITAT Inter. Caribbean
coordinator)
Integrate the research into ongoing sustainable
development projects In the region.
Utilize the results and place-related datasets as
field laboratory examples that elucidate better
local-global sustainability issues for students
and others in the research and development
world. Share the lessons-learned with the
broader research worldand particularly Local
stakeholders
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GIDEON MAZINGA, MALAWIPh.D Program in Social
Policy
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The Role of Social Capital in Sustainable
Development

• Case Analysis of Malawi
• Gideon Mazinga
• Loma Linda University
• School of Science and Technology
• Department of Social Work

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What is Social Capital ?

• goodwill, fellowship, sympathy, and social
  intercourse among the individuals and families
  who make up a social unit. The individual is
  helpless socially, if left to himselfIf he comes
  into contact with his neighbor, and they with
  other neighbors, there will be an accumulation of
  social capital, satisfying an individuals
  social needs and improving living conditions in
  the whole community (Hanifan,1916).
• features of social organization , such as trust,
  norms, reciprocity, networks, civic engagement,
  that facilitate coordination and cooperation for
  mutual benefit (Putnam, 1995 67).

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Bridging social capital and Sustainable
Development

• Community development emphasizes participation,
  initiative and self help. (British colonial
  office, 1958 2)
• Social Capital is capital only if its effects
  persist (Collier, 1998)
• Sustainable development is the process whereby
  future generations receive as much or more
  capital per capita as the current generation has
  available (Serageldin, 1996).
• Traditional development includes natural,
  physical, human, financial capital.
• The Missing link is Social Capital - Why?
• Complementary relationship enhances the
  contribution of social capital to development
  (Grootaert, 1997).
• Enables productivity growth as important as other
  types of capital (Fukuyama, 1995).

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• Spatial Dimensions of Social Capital - GIS
• One single country might have different levels of
  social capital (Rotberg, 1999).
• Social Capital in the American States (Bowling
  Alone, 2000)

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Malawi Country Facts

• Population 11 Million
• 65.3 of population poor.
• Absolute poor 4 Million
• 15 HIV AIDS Prevalence
• Orphans
• Slows development
• Need for poverty alleviation
• Source UNDP, 1999

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District-level poverty headcountSource
Government of Malawi, 2000
Much of data courtesy Todd Benson/IFPRI
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Where are people in relation to the average
poverty line?
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Research questions

• Which areas are high in social capital in Malawi
  and why are they different from other areas in
  Malawi.
• What is the relationship between effects of
  levels of social capital and quality of life in
  different villages in Malawi.
• Methodology
• GIS- Spatial dimension
• Quantitative Multiple regression
• Qualitative Interviews/focus group discussion

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Why is this research important?

• Where poor communities have input into the
  design, implementation, management, and
  evaluation of projects, returns on investments
  and sustainability are enhanced (Esman and
  Norman, 1984).
• Improvement on quality of life
• Policy prescription to suit level of social
  capital in particular areas to alleviate poverty.
• Promote use of GIS in social policy and social
  research in problem solving and decision making.

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STUDENTS IN PROGRAM NEED A PROJECT ADRIAN
FITZGERALD, MS Student IS BUILDING ON A PROJECT
FROM GISD IN TANZANIA TO CREATE AN ArcIMS
focused on poverty in the coastal zone. Builds
on earlier TCMP project
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Vedast Makota, NEMC (Nat. Env. Mngt. Council) and
the Vice-Presidents Office
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Mangrove Change Detection Comparisons of
mangrove change between 1995 and 2000 for
selected sites Site 1. Dar es Salaam Site 2.
Rufiji delta Site 3. Mtwara coast
And now, some show and tell on progress to
date on building a permanent ArcIMS application
to house earlier datasets and build on it for
poverty analysis purposes Were still in the
early phases of workso not much to show yet, but
would appreciate suggestions and guidance!!
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ArcIMS Poverty Mapping for Coastal Tanzania

• Project Partners

• GISD Initiative initial USAID Funding
• U. of Rhode Island/Coastal Resource Center (CRC),
• Tanzania Coastal Management Partnership (TCMP)
• University of Redlands (U of R)
• Loma Linda University (LLU)

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• Project Goals
• Provide a Management Tool and a Resource of
  Information for Coastal Zone Management and
  Poverty for Coastal Tanzania.

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• Project Objectives and Deliverables
• Develop Geodatabase
• Development of IMS
• Distribute LandUse/LandCover Data
• Expand IMS
• Poverty Data
• Coastal Zone Management Data

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• Current Data Sets
• Demographic Health Survey
• Statistical Health Survey Data
• CRC
• 1992 2002 Landuse / Landcover Maps
• Africover
• Geodetical Homogenous Referential
• Hydrography / Roads
• Toponomy

• Pending Data Sets
• Demographic Data

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• Future Goals
• Provide Various Types of Poverty Mapping
  Functionality
• Incorporate More Poverty and Coastal Zone
  Management Data Sets

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CONTACT
Thank you
Email rford_at_univ.llu.edu Tel.
909-558-7507 My work homepage
http//resweb.llu.edu/rford/ LLU-ESSE21
homepage http//resweb.llu.edu/rford/ESSE21/