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Foaling Lactation

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The foal begins to position itself for delivery. The foal will turn from lying ... The foal's digestive system is at its peak for absorbing the antibodies in ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Foaling Lactation


1
Foaling /Lactation
2
CALCULATING THE DUE DATE
  • Normal length of gestation
  • 330 - 350 days ( 11 months)
  • Add average (340) to the last breeding date
  • Or subtract 25 days from the last breeding date

3
Foaling
  • Safe Delivery
  • Foaling is a natural process
  • Foaling mares, most of the time, deliver w/o
    complications.
  • Often, mares require only minor assistance.

4
Foaling
  • Pre-Foaling Preparation
  • Attention to details and planning ahead are key
    factors for a successful foaling.
  • Ensuring that the mares prenatal vaccination and
    deworming needs are met and that she has a proper
    place to foal.

5
Foaling
6
Foaling
  • Deworming
  • Every mare should be dewormed before breeding.
  • Once the mare is in foal, she could be given a
    daily feed-through dewormer.
  • Strongid C
  • Colic program
  • twice a year ivemci
  • This is highly effective in preventing the
    passage of parasites through the lactating mare
    to the newborn foal.

7
Foaling Preparation
  • Caslicks procedure
  • Upper part of vulva has been surgically closed
    following breeding.
  • The purpose of this procedure is to keep air,
    dirt, and manure from entering the vagina of the
    mares with anatomy that is predisposed to
    contamination.
  • The Casliks must be opened before the mare foals.

8
Foaling Preparation
  • Shoes
  • Exercise
  • Foaling stall
  • Light and ventilation
  • Bedding
  • Stall Mats
  • Straw
  • Heat lamps
  • Food and water
  • Turnout area
  • Okay for a mare to foal outside
  • Small clean dry grass area
  • Shelter is determined by climate
  • Stall should be a minimum of 12' x 14' and
  • Disinfect the foaling stall prior to foaling
  • Make sure mare can be observed inconspicuously
  • Supplied with feed and clean water access

9
Foaling Preparation
  • Foaling kit
  • Flashlight Lubricating jelly
  • Tail wrap Baling twine
  • Mild soap Blunt-end scissors
  • Paper towels Clean towels
  • Clock or watch Strong iodine
  • Halter and lead shank Enemas
  • Clean buckets Thermometer
  • Plastic sleeves Notebook and pen

10
Watching the mare
  • Guidelines for observing the mare
  • Begin checking the mare very closely 5-6 weeks
    before the due date.
  • Begin daily exams and quiet observations at 3
    weeks before the due date.
  • Become familiar with the mares normal routine so
    changes in her routine will be easily noticed.

11
Watching the mare
  • Physical Changes
  • Abdominal Size
  • Udder development
  • Milk veins
  • Relaxed hips
  • Milk secretions

12
Physical Changes
13
Stage of Labor
  • 3 different stages of labor
  • 1st Stage
  • 2nd Stage
  • 3rd Stage
  • Divided by the beginning and ending of different
    events during foaling.

14
First Stage of Labor
  • The foal begins to position itself for delivery.
  • The foal will turn from lying on its back, to
    it's stomach, with its head positioned between
    its front feet.
  • As the initial uterine contractions begin, the
    foal will position itself with front legs and
    head pointing toward the birth canal.

15
First Stage of Labor
16
First Stage of Labor
  • Behavioral Changes
  • Any changes in behavior should be taken seriously
    as indicating that first stage labor is near.
  • Colic-like symptoms
  • Lying down
  • Acts restless
  • Tail position
  • Rubs or pushes rear end against walls

17
First Stage of Labor
18
First Stage of Labor
  • These signs may be present for several minutes to
    several hours.
  • Some mares may show some of these signs for
    several days before foaling.
  • At this stage the mare is quite capable of
    postponing delivery if she is to become nervous
    or upset.
  • This is why it is important for the mare to be
    familiar with her surroundings and attendant
    watching over her.

19
First Stage of Labor(ends w/ water breaking)
20
Second Stage of Labor
  • Signs
  • begins with water breaking
  • exhibit visible contractions
  • amniotic membrane appears
  • foals front feet
  • applying traction
  • foals head
  • delivering the shoulders
  • delivering the hips
  • ends with delivery of the foal

21
The amniotic sac and foal feet appear
22
Amniotic sac has been torn and front legs and
head appear
23
Shoulders Hips deliver
24
Dystocia
Breech
25
Assisting with foaling
26
Second Stage of Labor Ends
27
Third Stage of Labor
  • Postpartum care

28
Third Stage of Labor
  • Immediate postpartum care
  • checking the mares and foals vital signs
  • giving the mare food and water
  • toweling the foal
  • disinfecting the navel
  • the umbilical cord should not be cut or broken
    manually
  • placental transfusion takes 10-15 min.
  • most cases, umbilical stump will shrivel up and
    fall off w/in 4-7 d after delivery

29
Guidelines Used to Assess Foal Viability
Normal respiratory and HR w/in 1
min. Righting Reflex Established w/in 5
min. Suckle Reflex w/in 5 min. Attempts to
Stand w/in 30 min. Standing Unassisted
w/in 60-120 min. Nursing w/in 60-180 min.
30
Standing and Nursing
  • Colostrum
  • The foals digestive system is at its peak for
    absorbing the antibodies in colostrum during the
    first 12 hr of life.
  • If foal does not receive any colostrum or a
    colostrum replacement w/in 18 hrs of birth, it
    can die.
  • Recommended time frame is preferably by 3 hours
    and certainly w/in 8 hrs of birth.

31
Standing and Nursing
  • Maternal Instincts
  • Aggressive Behaviors
  • Foal
  • People
  • Meconium
  • Enemas
  • Urination

32
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