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The Bioeffect Assessment Index

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... in more than 600 individual flounder ... the BAI in Baltic Sea flounder yielded: ... (BAI) assigned for the applied biomarkers (North Sea flounder). 0.4 ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: The Bioeffect Assessment Index


1
The Bioeffect Assessment Index
A promising tool for the estimation of Baltic Sea
environmental quality?
Broeg, K., Barsiene, J., Böhmert, B., Förlin,
L., Koehler, A., Kopecka, J., Lang, T., Lehtonen,
K., Parkkonen, J., Pempkowiak, J., Schiedeck, D.,
Vuontisjärvi, H., Vuorinen, P.
2
Aim of the study
  • A concept for the application of a biomarker set
    in pollution monitoring

3
Aim of the study
  • A concept for the application of a biomarker set
    in pollution monitoring
  • Quantification of pollution-induced alterations
    of the biological system

4
Aim of the study
  • A concept for the application of a biomarker set
    in pollution monitoring
  • Quantification of pollution-induced alterations
    of the biological system
  • Individual Fish Health Ecosystem Health

5
Strategy
  • Biomarkers of toxic effects and exposure at
    different levels of biological organisation were
    selected
  • These markers were applied on each individual
    fish to define a physiological status of
    pollution-induced alterations

6
Biomarker cascade
Molecular EROD
Subcellular Lysosomal Stability
membrane
Cellular Liver Cell Lipid
Accumulation
Individual Macrophage Aggregate
Activity Trichodina Infection
Intensity

Community Parasite Diversity
7
Scale of Biomarker Responses
  • Is a progress of alterations detectable?

8
Scale of Biomarker Responses
Stage 1 Lystab gt20 min.
Stage 2 Lystab gt10- 20 min.
Stage 3 Lystab 5-10 min.
Stage 4 Lystab lt 5 min.
EROD not induced no lipid accumulation active
immune response low Trichodina infection high
parasite diversity
EROD induction lipid accumulation immune
response Trichodina infection parasite diversity
EROD induction lipid accumulation immune
response Trichodina infection parasite diversity
EROD induction lipid accumulation immune
response Trichodina infection parasite diversity

Medium/late response
Early response
Late response
No response
High variability

Chronic contaminant exposure
9
Integrated evaluation of BEEP data
  • The following examples are based on data from
    biomarker studies in the Baltic Sea (2001-2002,
    EU project BEEP)
  • Biomarkers were studied in more than 600
    individual flounder

10
  • How can we integrate this complex biomarker
    information into a general index for the
    quantification of biological effects?

11
BAI - Bioeffect Assessment Index
  • Based on Health Assessment Index (Adams et al.
    1993)
  • allows statistical comparison among sample data
    and integration of different parameters.
  • Substitution of each parameter value according
    to grading by a numerical value
  • stage 110, stage 220, stage330, stage 440

12
BAI - Bioeffect Assessment Index
  • calculation by summing all individual fish BAI
    values and dividing by the total number of fish
    in the sample
  • higher BAI values indicate poorer health
    condition

13
BAI - Bioeffect Assessment Index
  • The BAI is created as a screening index
    reflecting the complex contamination situation of
    coastal areas
  • The BAI includes biomarkers of non-specific
    toxic effects, exclusively
  • In a second step biomarkers of specific exposure
    may help to identify the quality of contamination

14
BAI - Bioeffect Assessment Index
  • Parameter included
  • Lysosomal membrane stability
  • Neutral lipid accumulation
  • Activity of macrophage aggregates

15
BAI - Bioeffect Assessment Index
16
Quantity
17
Quality
18
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20
BAI
EROD
21
Metallothionein
22
Metallothionein
23
Metallothionein
24
Metallothionein
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28
BAI (2) - Bioeffect Assessment Index
  • Parameter included
  • Lysosomal membrane stability
  • Neutral lipid accumulation
  • Activity of macrophage aggregates
  • Micronuclei

29
BAI (2) - Bioeffect Assessment Index
30
BAI
LOC 1
LOC 5
LOC 3 2002
LOC 4 2002
BAI (2)
31
Conclusions
  • The application of the BAI in Baltic Sea flounder
    yielded
  • consistent results for the assessment of
    biological effects caused by the complex and
    diverse contamination situation at the different
    sampling locations.
  • It may serve as a promising quantitative tool for
    the assessment of biological effects in
    monitoring programmes.

32
Conclusions
  • Index values were comparable to calculations
    obtained from biomarker studies on flounder of
    the German Bight.

33
Conclusions
  • Additional application of specific biomarkers/
    biomarkers of specific exposure provided
    indications of the quality of contamination.

34
What next?
  • Discussions for the further improvement of this
    concept to deliver a scientific-based instrument
    for the assessment and quantification of
    environmental quality in German Bight and Baltic
    Sea

35
Thanks
  • European Union (EU) Project BEEP, WP 2.
  • Babette Peschel, Sonja Einsporn, Wiebke Kaiser,
    Dr. Markus Salomon.
  • Hans-Carl Lührs and his crew (research vessel
    Uthörn).
  • All the people who worked for this project in all
    WP2 laboratories.

36
  • In an ecosystem all ecological processes are
    interrelated so that a significant disturbance
    affecting only one process will impigne on the
    whole.
  • Norton, 1991

37
Scale of Biomarker Responses
EROD
Neutral lipid accumulation
Absorbance
Activity
Stages
Stages
Trichodina infection intensity
Acid phosphatase activity in MA
Intensity
Absorbance
Stages
Stages
Number of different parasite species
Number
Stages
38
Biomarker Gradation
Numerical values (BAI) assigned for the applied
biomarkers (North Sea flounder).
39
BAI - Bioeffect Assessment Index
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