ORCA PRIDE PROGRAM

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ORCA PRIDE PROGRAM

• Port Gamble SKlallam Tribes
• Juvenile Offenders Treatment Model

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Presentation Overview

• Current community responses to offenses
• SKlallam community
• History and evolution of the program
• Program description
• Clinical presentation
• Strengths and challenges
• Future plans/vision

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SKlallam Community

• Demographics
• Community needs, strengths and assets
• Tribal court
• Juvenile Justice Program

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Why ORCA Program Was Created

• Vision A community free from juvenile offending
  behaviors
• Mission To provide comprehensive offender
  related prevention and treatment services with
  our court-involved Tribal Youth through
  culturally appropriate strength-based programs
  that are responsive and community driven

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What is ORCA PRIDE?

• Optimum Rehabilitation for Court Involved
  Adolescents through
• Pride, Respect, Integrity, Dedication and
  Empowerment

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Program Description

• Who served
• Court-involved Tribal Youth (12-19 years)with Hx
  of alcohol/drug abuse, court conviction and on
  parole or probation
• Male and female
• All criminal offenses
• Six monthminimumprogram, determined by
  individual assessment and offense
• Consideration of non-Tribal Native Youth

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Program Capabilities

• Multi-disciplinary approach
• Compulsatory
• Mental Health Counseling/Life Skills/A.R.T.
• Chemical Dependency Services
• Cultural Enrichment
• Educational Advocacy/ truancy prevention
• Experiential Education and Athletic Activities
• Nutrition
• Family Treatment and involvement
• Mentoring and accountability

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Mental Health

• Treatment Philosophy
• Modality of Treatment
• Theoretical Models

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Treatment Philosophy

• Promote learning experiences which enable youth
  to better understand the connection between
  feelings and behaviors
• Provide creative interventions to promote
  alternative thinking patterns
• Foster pro-social skills and challenge past
  maladaptive coping styles

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Modality of Treatment
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Aggression Replacement Training (A.R.T.)

• A.R.T. is a cognitive-behavioral intervention
  which aims to help youth control their anger and
  aggression
• Anger is a strong emotion and the inability to
  manage this emotion often results in involvement
  with the juvenile justice system
• A.R.T. is designed to challenge offenders to
  accept responsibility for their crimes and
  consequences

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A.R.T. Components

• SKILL BUILDING Individuals begin to learn and
  develop pro-social behaviors
• ANGER CONTROL TRAINING Self control strategies
  and triggers are identified and explored
• SOCIAL DECISION MAKING Moral reasoningchoosing
  between right and wrong

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Art Therapy

• Art therapy is the therapeutic use of art
  making within a professional relationship, by
  people who experience illness, trauma, or
  challenges in living, and by people who seek
  personal development. Through creating art and
  reflecting on the art product and processes,
  people can increase awareness of self and others,
  learn to cope with symptoms, reduce stress, and
  work through traumatic experiences enhance
  cognitive abilities and enjoy the life-affirming
  pleasure of making art
• - AATA

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What is Art Therapy?

• Ancient healing
• Interpretive aspects
• Holistic experience
• Tangible record/evidence of therapy

• Expresses what words cannot
• Kinesthetic experience incorporating emotions,
  cognition and behavior

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Second Step Curriculum

• Helps Youth to examine beliefs, systems and
  attitudes
• Focuses on the development of pro-social skills

• Safety and healthy decision making
• Increase problem solving skills
• Identify and express feelings appropriately

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Second Step Units

• EMPATHY UNIT focuses on recognizing feelings in
  self and others
• IMPULSE CONTROL UNIT Identifying problems,
  brainstorming solutions, and the development of
  positive interpersonal skills
• ANGER MANAGEMENT UNIT Learning to develop
  awareness of anger cues and triggers

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Functional Family Therapy(Community Juvenile
Accountability Act)scheduled to begin Dec.2004

• Evidence based program aims to reduce recidivism
• Structured family-based intervention
• Uses multi-step approach
• 12 meetings with family over 90-day period
• Not normed on Native Youth

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Chemical Dependency Services

• Treatment Philosophy
• Approaches and applications
• Format
• Curriculum

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Treatment Philosophy

• Promote experiences for youth to learn skills
  that will assist them in attaining and
  maintaining a drug and alcohol free lifestyle and
  in better managing their emotional and behavioral
  responses to lifes problems and experiences
  without the use of drugs, alcohol, or other
  substances

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Applications

• Elders Meditation Daily
• Introduction who are we, why are we here
• Program Rules
• Group Rules
• Point System

• Court Report Review
• Disease Concept
• Stages and Progressive Characteristics of
  Alcoholism and Addiction
• Psychology of Addiction

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In Their Words

• While perhaps not listed as the most liked part
  of ORCA, half of all participants surveyed listed
  drug and alcohol education as the most valuable
  thing they have learned from the program
• Q What is the most valuable thing you have
  learned from the program?
• A Why we are in here and what alcohol does to
  you
• A About addictions and denial, because they
  are the first steps to recovery.

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Cultural Enrichment

• The SKlallam Way
• Purpose
• Activities
• Use of volunteers/Elders

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The SKlallam Way

• Spirituality and Traditional Values
• Belief in unseen powers
• Knowledge that we depend on each other
• Confirms out relationship with the Earth and
  other inter-relationships to ALL creatures
• Gratitude
• Crafts and skills that have sustained the
  SKlallams yesterday and today

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Purpose

• Develops a sense of community and a sense that
  the community cares
• The core of the activities are centered around
  involvement and participation of Elders, Tribal
  Leaders, and positive role models
• To support SKlallam Youth in the process of
  looking to the future
• Assist youth with accountability and sense of
  giving back to the community

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Other Benefits of Cultural Enrichment

• Compliment and enhance clinical treatment
  services (MH CD)
• Incorporate and pass on cultural lessons and
  values in the activities
• Learn new skills
• Produce tangible evidence of progress and program
  participation

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Cultural Activities

• Learning and Creating paddles, rattles, drums,
  weaving
• Cedar harvesting
• Carving
• Storytelling
• Involvement of elders and cultural leaders
• Participants will build core knowledge of their
  Tribe, the Tribes history and values, customs
  and practices.

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In Their Words

• Cultural Activitiesespecially carvingwere
  consistently listed among the favorite parts of
  the ORCA program
• When asked why
• Because this is what the SKlallam did long
  before I was around and I wanted to check it
  out.
• I want to learn more and more about my culture.

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Academic Achievement

• Includes teachings of SKlallam history
• Treaty
• Sovereignty
• Self-determination

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Academic Achievement

• Education Advocacy/Truancy Intervention and
  Prevention efforts
• Develop plan and agreements w/school dist.
• Attendance monitoring
• Discipline notification
• Focus on student achievement
• Request records (grades, transcripts, discipline)
• Offer support to student and parent
• Direct resources to classroom
• Obtain regular reports (wkly and qtrly)
• Request team meetings and go with parent to all
  meetings

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Accountability Plan

• Parents, District, Students
• Parents
• Need to be involved, nurtured, and trained
• Truancy referrals to court
• Recognize active parents, students and teachers
• District
• Hold to mission and vision
• Pursue training
• Remember duties and responsibilities
• Discipline policies must be enforced fairly and
  consistently

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Accountability Plan

• Students
• Regular attendance is important
• Go to school ready to learn
• Provide probes when asked

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Athletics/Experiential Education

• Role Modeling
• Nutrition
• Physical activities
• Incorporated lessons/teachings
• Observed positive changes

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Role Modeling

• Less than 1/3 of youth have father at home
• Not all interaction with father is positive
• Quality over quantity, yet both are lacking
• Limited immediate sources to look to for
  mentoring/guidance

• Model positive decision making and behaviors
• Identify needs in non-clinical environment
• Develop positive mentoring relationships

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ORCA PRIDE Nutrition

• Most participants did not have a healthy diet
• Most participants were not taught how to cook a
  healthy or nutritious meal.
• Most participants came from families who
  maintained poor eating habits.
• Healthy nutrition contributes to having healthy
  bodies and minds.
• Program contributed to the sense of family and
  ritual, and taught group (family) responsibility.
• Contributed to a natural break between
  treatment sessions and a processing period.
• Contributed to another way for the community to
  contribute to the benefit of the youth
  participants.

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Nutrition

• Hot meal provided during program
• For some, this was the only guaranteed
  nutritional meal of the day
• Need for referrals and other eligibility
  determination/enrollment
• Build partnerships with community businesses and
  resources

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Mandatory physical activities and experiential
group participation

• Physical fitness assessment conducted on each
  group participant upon entry.
• Physical examination completion mandatory
• Minimum 2 hours of fitness activity each
  treatment day.
• Minimum of 4 hours of additional week end
  activity participation in some form of physical
  activity or sporting event.
• Treated as an equal and essential part of the
  treatment curriculum.

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Physical Activities

• Football
• Hiking
• Camping
• Horseshoes
• Clam bake
• Oyster picking

• Baseball
• Swimming
• Basketball
• Bowling
• Clam digging
• Field trips

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Team Sports

• Commitmentsto team/group
• Healthy lifestyleto be able to compete requires
  drug-free body
• Teamwork
• Responsibility

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Purpose

• Respect
• Self
• Game
• Opponents
• Elders
• Self confidencefrom developing skills, practice,
  and preparation (mental, physical, emotional,
  spiritual)

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Dunk!
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Graduation and Honoring

• Treatment periods varied, average stay in excess
  of 12 months
• Youth who did not actively participate did not
  get credit for the time.
• Youth who acted out during treatment sessions
  received no points and thus no credit and would
  be required by treatment team to make their time
  up.
• Youth were assessed for points weekly and became
  very competitive, at times reporting on each
  other.

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Graduation ceremony and requirements

• All graduates received a beautiful specially
  designed lettermans leather sleeved jacket
  with the ORCA PRIDE name and logo and their name
  on the front.
• A special designed graduation ceremony
• Instructions came with the coat and eagle
  feather.
• Graduates were required to give back by
  accepting an honorable role as being ORCA PRIDE
  mentors. This was done to replicate the White
  Bison teachings of replacing the sick forest with
  healthy trees.
• Mentors would attend treatment sessions at least
  once per month to support other new participants,
  and to contribute to the delivery of the daily
  curriculum.

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Observed Positive Changes

• Appearancehygiene and clothing
• Improved health
• Participationwanting vs. having to come, being
  on time, taking personal responsibility
• Developing friendships/helping one another
• Willingness to share with each otherex Lake
  Cushman

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In Their Words

• 75 of participants listed the athletic
  activities among the things they liked the most
  about the ORCA program
• Why? Because its fun

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Evaluation

• Data collection
• How much, how often
• Baseline
• Ongoing and regular part of job
• AnalysisImportant to look at regularly make
  adjustments to refine program
• Resources?

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Preliminary Findings

• Youth learn and become aware of their elders and
  cultural leaders
• Involvement in program ties them to their
  SKlallam cultural self-identity
• Passing on of positive cultural values and
  lessons
• Building confidence allows youth to take more
  healthy risks

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Preliminary Findings

• Able to accept positive feedback
• Proactive about needs and achievements
• Increased awareness of feelings
• Increase in level of trust leading to
• More open and honest expression of feelings
• Less drinking/using of drugs of participants
• Acceptance by youth of rules and structure
• Increased investment in treatment

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Strengths of Program

• Support of Tribal Council
• Collaboratively developed, Court administered
• Community and culturally-based
• All essential elements of need incorporated in
  model
• Participation in all components is mandatory and
  reviewed by staff weekly with Court review
  monthly
• Commitment, training and talent of staff and
  their differing perspectives and experiences
• Adaptive and flexible
• One-stop shopping, coordinated service delivery

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Positive Outcomes

• Once the treatment program started the Tribe
  experienced a significant drop in repeat juvenile
  offenses.
• This dramatic drop as been sustained to present
  time.
• The program has needed no additional funding
  support to sustain the core services. Various
  other Tribal programs have continued to
  contribute to the success of the program.
• The program has gained national attention due to
  its apparent effectiveness and sustainability.
• The Tribe considers the program an essential
  service program.

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Future Vision

• Sustainable fundingreoccurring financial base
• Expansion of services to include residential
  offender treatment servicesincluding aftercare,
  transitional housing with on-site support
  services
• Research and evaluation capability
• Work ourselves out of a job

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Thank You!(há? n?? c?n)
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Contact Information
Port Gamble SKlallam Tribe ORCA PRIDE Treatment
Program 31912 Little Boston Rd. NE Kingston, WA
98346 c/o Ed Barnhart, JJO [phone] (360)
535-3833 Edb_at_pgst.nsn.us http//www.pgst.nsn.us