Metabolic cold adaptation fact or artefact

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Metabolic cold adaptation fact or artefact ?

• John Fleng Steffensen
• Marine Biological Laboratory
• University of Copenhagen
• E-mail JFSteffensen_at_bi.ku.dk
• Web http//www.mbl.ku.dk/JFSteffensen

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Ege and Krogh, 1914
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Steffensen, unpublished data
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High and low Arctic temperate
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Gadus morhua
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Gadus ogac
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Boreogadus saida
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Steffensen, J. F., Bushnell, P. G. and Schurmann,
H. (1994). Oxygen consumption in four species of
teleosts from Greenland no evidence for
metabolic cold adaptation. Polar Biology 14
49-54.

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Present Antarctic
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Arctic cod Arctogadus glacialis
Uummanaqq
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Arctogadus
Steffensen, J. F., Bushnell, P. G. and Schurmann,
H. (1994). Oxygen consumption in four species of
teleosts from Greenland no evidence for
metabolic cold adaptation. Polar Biology 14
49-54.

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Metabolic Cold Adaptation ?
Holeton (1974) was correct ! Metabolic cold
adaptation is an artefact ! Why ? 1 Kroghs
standard goldfish. 2 Problems with
respirometry. 3 Non resting and/or still
digesting last meal.
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TUNU-Project 2003 2008
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Acknowledgement

• Danish Natural Science Research Council
• The Carlsberg Foundation
• University of Copenhagen
• NARP - Nordic Arctic Research Programme
• National Science Foundation
• Dr. Peter G. Bushnell
• Dr. Henrik Schurmann
• cand. scient Anders Drud Jordan
• stud. scient Mikkel Jungersen
• Dr. Art DeVries
• Drud, Jordan, A., Jungersen, M. Steffensen, J.
  F. (2001). Oxygen consumption of East Siberian
  cod no support for the metabolic cold adaptation
  theory. J. Fish. Biol. 59 818-823.

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Relevant References Steffensen, J. F.,
Johansen, K. and Bushnell, P. G. (l984). An
automated swimming respirometer. Comp. Biochem.
Physiol. 79A 473-476. Steffensen, J.F. (1989).
Some errors in respirometry of aquatic breathers
how to avoid and correct for them. J. Fish.
Physiol. Biochem. 6 49-59. Schurmann, H.
Steffensen, J. F. (1992). Lethal oxygen levels at
different temperatures and the preferred
temperature during hypoxia of the Atlantic cod,
Gadus morhua. J. Fish. Biology,
41927-934. Steffensen, J. F., Bushnell, P. G.
Schurmann, H. (1993). Metabolic rate of 4 Arctic
species of teleosts from Greenland. Polar
Biology, 14 49-54.Bushnell, P. G., Steffensen,
J. F. Schurmann, H. (1993). Exercise metabolism
of two species of cod in Arctic waters, Atlantic
cod ,Gadus morhua, and uvak ,Gadus ogak. Polar
Biology. 14 14 43-48. Schurmann, H.
Steffensen, J. F. (1994). Spontaneous activity of
Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, exposed to graded
hypoxia at three different temperatures. J. exp.
Biol. 197 129-142 Schurmann, H. Steffensen,
J. F. (1997) Effects of temperature, hypoxia and
activity on the metabolism of Atlantic cod, Gadus
morhua. J. Fish Biology. 50 1166-1180. Drud,
Jordan, A., Jungersen, M. Steffensen, J. F.
(2001). Oxygen consumption of East Siberian cod
no support for the metabolic cold adaptation
theory. J. Fish. Biol. 59 818-823. Møller, P.
R., D. Jordan, A., Gravlund, P. Steffensen, J.
F. (2002). Phylogenetic position of the cry
pelagic codfish genus Arctogadus Drjagin, 1932
based on partial mitochrondrial cytochrome b
sequences. Polar Biology. 25 342-349. Steffensen
, J. F. (2002). Metabolic cold adaptation Fact
or artefact? Artefact! Comp. Biochem. Physiol.
They can all be dowloaded from
http//www.mbl.ku.dk/JFSteffensen
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