Hunting

1
Hunting Fishing
2
Hunting/Fishing Conservation

• A Review
• hunting and fishing, at first glance, do not seem
  like conservation activities as they are examples
  of consumptive resource use
• however, the roots of the conservation movement
  started with hunters and fisherman who
  traditionally cared about wildlife
• So how does hunting fishing support
  conservation?

3
How Does Hunting Fishing Support Conservation?

• Population Control
• hunting fishing harvests the surplus in the
  population therefore is removing animals that
  would likely die through starvation or predation
• therefore, hunting fishing keeps a population
  below its carrying capacity
• carrying capacity refers to the maximum number of
  organisms an environment can support

4
How Does Hunting Fishing Support Conservation?

• (2) Contributions to Non-Governmental Agencies
  (NGOs)
• NGOs are private, non-profit organizations
• hunter and fisherman have contributed 336 million
  toward habitat conservation through these
  agencies (last 15 yrs)
• (a) Ducks Unlimited conserves, restores and
  manages wetlands and similar habitats. Founded
  by hunters is a science-based organization
• (b) Nature Conservancy of Canada - focuses its
  efforts on the acquiring of ecologically
  sensitive areas through purchases or donation

5
How Does Hunting Fishing Support Conservation?

• (3) Licensing Fees
• these are used to continue to fund conservation
  efforts
• small game license - 20 HST (resident) 38
  HST (non-resident)
• migratory bird license 17 HST
• big game license moose - 52 HST (resident)
  369 HST (non-resident)
• trapping license - 13 HST

6
Small Game

• Species Hunted
• ruffed spruce grouse
• partridge (willow rock ptarmigan)
• snowshoe hare

7
Small Game

• Hunting Methods
• ruffed spruce grouse shotgun snare
• partridge (willow rock ptarmigan) shotgun
  snare
• snowshoe hare mostly snare shotgun
• dogs are often use used in hunting

8
Small Game

• Management Methods
• high natural mortality rates (predators
  starvation)
• produce many young to increase the chance that at
  least some will survive
• management focuses on harvesting surplus before
  it is removed through natural mortality
• management also takes into account the fact that
  many small game species undergo natural
  population cycles of 7-11 years

9
Small Game

• Regulations
• non-migratory game (snowshoe hare, grouse
  partridge) provincial responsibility
• migratory game (ducks, geese) federal
  responsibility
• recreational fishing federal responsibility
• bag limits and possession limits are identified
  for each part of the island
• ex snowshoe hare possession limit is 40
• ex partridge daily bag limit 6, possession
  limit 12 (for the Avalon)
• must be 16 years of age to hunt with a firearm,
  can be under 16 if snaring

10
Big Game

• Species Hunted
• moose
• caribou migratory barren ground sedentary
  woodland caribou
• black bear

11
Big Game

• Hunting Methods
• rifle (minimum 243 caliber, most believe in at
  least 270 caliber)
• long bow older form of bow, tall with no levers
• compound bow modern bow that is stiffer uses
  pulleys (bows must have 25 kg draw weight)

12
Big Game

• Management Methods
• low natural mortality
• small population size reproductive rates
• managed so that the populations do not reach the
  point where they exhaust their food supply
  destroy the habitat

13
Big Game

• Regulations
• provincial responsibility Inland Fish and
  Wildlife Division
• bag limit typically 1
• must return tagged lower jaw bone of moose
  caribou
• must be 18 years of age or older by August 31 in
  year of application
• must complete a big game application draw
  process is based on a priority pool system
• tags issued with a big game license must be
  attached and locked on the animal before it is
  removed from the place of kill

14
Big Game - Impacts

• Economics
• tourism people come to NL to see and hunt the
  largest member of the deer family
• outfitting camps - http//www.bluemountainhunting.
  com/
• equipment sales
• Cultural
• Recreation Got To Get Me Moose
  http//www.buddywasisname.com/gotta.htm
• Source of meat fresh meat throughout the winter
  

15
Big Game - Impacts

• Environmental
• population dynamics we have the highest
  population density of moose in North America.
  This can damage forest prevent regeneration
  through excessive browsing
• management - through careful population analysis
  license distribution, populations are kept in a
  healthy condition