Privatization

1
Privatization

• Tiffany Kinney
• Shaless Hammond
• Ashley Gilchrist
• Stephanie Sampson

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Privatization

• A move toward private schools
• From the idea that education should also be in
  the free market
• Government monopoly
• Individuality, sovereignty, religion, diversity,
  bureaucracy

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Your Questions.
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Start of the Worries

• 1922-Charles Carroll Drafted law prohibiting
  commercialization in schools for Rhode Island

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1950s 1960s

• 1954-Brown Vs. Board of Education
• - 1st Private Choice Program
• 1955- Friedman voices idea of Universal
  Vouchers
• 1957-Little Rock Nine
• 1960s-Confidence in Public Education
• 1961-Stuart vs. South Burlington School Dist.
• -Elementary Secondary Education Act
• Late 1960s-a new kind of school
• -Office of Economic Opportunity

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1970s 1980s

• Early 1970s- Creation of Panel on Non-Education
  of the Presidential Commission on School
  Finance
• - Creation of some free
  schools
• 1971-Lemon vs Kurtzman
• 1972-Unconstitutional to use public funds for
  private tuition
• 1980s-Regan Administration tried to pass voucher
  legislation
• 1983-A Nation At Risk
• 1988-1st state legislation on private vouchers

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1990s

• 1990- Wisconsin legislation approved
• 1991-Milwaukee starts a Parent Choice Voucher
  Program
• 1992-Parents Advancing Values in Education (PAVE)
  founded
• 1992-Wisconsin, Texas, Georgia, Michigan all
  start scholarship plans
• 1993-New York, Colorado, Arkansas, Arizona,
  Washington D.C. start scholarship plans
• 1995-Florida, Tennessee, and Connecticut all
  start scholarship plans
• 1996-Cleveland offers vouchers
• 1997-New York City offers vouchers
• -35 Private sponsored scholarships
  provided
• -20,000 lower income students given
  choice of any private school

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1999 to present

• 1999- California, Florida, Maine, Ohio,
  Wisconsin, Illinois, Texas Pennsylvania all had
  legislation or legal proceedings involving
  vouchers and tax credits

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1999 to present

• 1999- California, Florida, Maine, Ohio,
  Wisconsin, Illinois, Texas Pennsylvania all had
  legislation or legal proceedings involving
  vouchers and tax credits
• -U.S. Supreme Court ruled against private
  school tuition paid by the state twice
• 2000-Can use public funds for private school
  equipment
• 2001-Reauthorization of the Elementary and
  Secondary Education Act
• 2002-Education, Achievement and Opportunity Act
• -Federal No Child Left Behind Act signed
  in to law
• 2003-Private-school vouchers are not
  unconstitutional.

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What does it all mean?

• Building PressureNCLB
• greatly enhance and build pressure for
• private sector take over public education
• School Choice
• Tax-Credits and Vouchers
• Evidence is the increasing support for corporate
  involvement

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Making the Decisions

• Divide into three groups
• Parents
• Teachers
• Administration
• Divide up the budget (15000) between
• Community Events
• Textbooks
• Bringing in Corporate Sponsors
• You want your issue to win.

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Getting your points
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Who has the power?

• The Rules
• Discuss within your groups and with other groups.
• Come up with a budget (as many as is necessary).
• There has to be a majority vote
• To Consider
• How will you divide up the money?
• Will you compromise?

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So, where is the power?

• Which simulated school would you want to work at?
  Pros and Cons?
• Did the simulation mimic what really goes on?

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Public School

• 90 of kids educated
• not yet private but corporations have their foot
  in the door
• Funding
• Limited Federal funding
• Corporate funding

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Pros of Corp. Funding

• Provides new supplies
• New Technology
• New text books
• Food products
• Access to current events in the news

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Cons of Corp. Funding

• Who is doing the educating?
• Product placement in text books
• There is no escape form adds
• Schools the next frontier for advertising

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Pepsi vs. Coke

• Provides money for schools..right?
• Hookem younghookem for life! Oh wait,
  thats cigarettes..or is it?
• Isnt obesity and diabetes on the rise?

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Channel 1 bringing news to kids

• The breakdown of the 12 minute package
• 10 minutes of program and 2 minutes of
  commercials..not quite
• More teens watch Channel 1 than all the other
  news channels combined
• There is news and then there is Channel 1!
• The News is in the Headline

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The Antidote for Public Education

• Movement starts early 1990s
• Idea of choice.
• Community based schools.
• Break up large factory style schools.

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Charter Schools

• Charter schools are considered semi-autonomous
  public school choice alternatives to public
  education.
• Many operate with freedom from many of the
  regulations that apply to traditional public
  schools.
• Generally organized by educators parents,
  community organizations or private organizations
  with a specific philosophy or idea.
• Most of them are controlled independent of any
  local school district.

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Parents and Charter

• Parents and teachers choose charter schools
  primarily for educational reasons
• high academic standards
• small class size
• innovative approaches or educational philosophies
  in line with their own.
• Some also have chosen charter schools for their
  small size and associated safety (charter schools
  serve an average of 250 students).

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Charter Laws

• Charter school laws are different from state to
  state.
• Charter schools are unique with different
  emphases.
• Different goals.
• Different state standards which significantly
  influence the creation of charter schools.

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Laws that cover 7 basic policy and legal areas

• Charter Development
• School Status
• Fiscal
• Students
• Staffing and Labor Relations
• Instruction
• Accountability

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Laws Cont

• 16 states do not allow charter schools.
• 20 of 35 states allow independent charter
  schools.
• Others such as Utah and Colorado do not allow
  independent/private charter schools.

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Charter Funding

• Differs from state to state, school district to
  school district.
• Public Funding
• Private Funding

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Funding cont.

• Michigan, Massachusetts and Hawaii, all have
  across the board funding levels.
• Colorado looks at funding on a school to school
  basis.
• Generally start up costs are separate and paid by
  the charter school

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Charter funding issues...

• Charter School Start up Money
• Staffing
• Equipment
• Ongoing expenses
• Salary increases
• Cost of student participation

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American Teacher Foundation found that

• State Over Funded Amount
• Arizona 1,000.00
• Minnesota 200.00
• Colorado 1,200.00
• California 500.00
• Massachusetts to large to measure
• Michigan 600.00

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Pros

• Increase opportunities for learning and access to
  quality education for all students.
• Create a choice for parents and students within
  the public school system.
• Provide a system of accountability for results in
  public education.
• Encourage innovative teaching practices.
• Create new professional opportunities for
  teachers.
• Encourage community and parental involvement in
  public education.
• Perhaps provide a more level playing field?

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Cons

• Misuse of public funds
• Misuse of private funds
• Lack of supervision
• Lack of Managerial skills
• Leading to Private Schools because of lack of
  funding

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School Vouchers

• Voucher- Families apply for voucher, based on
  financial situation receive money (in voucher
  form) that would have been spent on edu. in
  public school, to be used for private edu.
• -Example.

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Pros for Vouchers

• Avoid gov. monopoly over edu.
• -advocating compulsory private edu
• Improving quality of edu- driven by market
  forces.
• Desegregate edu.
• Inner city able to spend vouchers
• Forces parents to see how much edu. costs per
  child.
• More conscious consumersbetter parents.
• Reduces edu. to consumer choice.

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Cons for Vouchers

• Privatization shield other services provided by
  school from public scrutiny.
• Narrows interests, visions, ideology and
  activities.
• Vouchers as food stamps
• Public edu. still existent with problems.
• Greater class stratification and racial
  segregation
• Judged by market based superlatives.
• Collective good abandoned in favor of
  individualism.
• Only parents, as consumers, have a voice.
• Edu. reduced to individual consumer choice.
• Overemphasized market/ benefits to individuals.
• No attention to edu. and its democratic
  purposes.
• Less social venture than individual investment.
• Social Darwinism.

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Tax Credits

• Definition-
• Use tax credits to defray costs of tuition.
• Example- Virginia.

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Pros of Tax Credits

• Provide way around Establishment Clause.
• Allows taxpayers to keep more money, no
  discretion.
• Less likely to be regulated.
• Not in direct opposition of separation of church
  and state.
• Less vulnerable to attack on state level.
• Absence of regulatory creep.
• Parent choice upheld
• More private school participation.

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Cons of Tax Credits

• Individual and General
• Funding delay
• Limited money
• Wealth discrimination
• Complicates tax system
• Limited accountability
• Loss of revenue
• Stats from Institute of Taxation and Education
  Policy
• 75,000/ year
• 100, 000/ year
• lt20,000/ year

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Conservative Position

• Tax Credits General instead of individual
• Non-profit clearing house
• Need-based scholarships
• Dollar to dollar tax write-off
• Vouchers Freemarket, Libertarian, Religious
  Right

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Freemarket

• Straight forward, simple.
• Not require increase in taxes, rather reduction
  in education spending.
• MF Objective of private vouchers/ private
  choice is not improvement in public schools but
  development of an ideology connected to
  entrepreneurial education innovations.

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Libertarian

• Abolition of income tax to privatize schools,
  rather than vouchers.
• Abolishing income tax give money necessary to
  pay for any kind of edu. they wished.

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Religious Right

• Network of private scholarships
• Designed to move students from public to private
  education.
• Financed by corporations and faith based
  charitable orgs.

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Liberal

• Competition between public and private could not
  work
• Private schools, as business dependent
• Does not ensure education equality for all
• No tax credits or vouchers
• Limited corporate involvement

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Radical

• No school vouchers
• Fix structure surrounding school fixed education
• No need for education specific reforms
• Teach ideas of equity and justice
• Strongly linked to community

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Utah Situation

• School-voucher group hopes to oust
  opponentsDate March 13, 2006
• Underfunded againDate March 5, 2006
• Making allocationsDate March 5, 2006
• Consumers, not commoditiesDate March 3, 2006
• Money for schools, with a catchDate March 1,
  2006
• No act of charityDate February 28, 2006
• Educators withhold judgment on budgetDate
  February 28, 2006
• Children are not 'output'Date February 27, 2006
  
• Hope for vouchers fadesDate February 25, 2006

• Vouchers solve nothingDate February 25, 2006
• School boards say vouchers are not legalDate
  February 23, 2006
• Vouching for vouchersDate February 21, 2006
• A shell gameDate February 21, 2006
• Squeaky wheelsDate February 21, 2006
• Stakes are raised in the fight over tuition
  vouchersDate February 19, 2006
• Voucher bill heads to House floorDate February
  18, 2006
• SEARCH FOR COMPROMISE Public vs. private
  schoolsDate February 16, 2006
• Can Florida law be used to bar education vouchers
  in Utah?Date January 15, 2006

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Utah Situation

• Urban Flight-New White Flight
• Property Taxes, Zoning Laws
• Realities of NCLB

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One Teachers Perspective
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What can we do?

• Parents are not informed.
• its not like the weather, a part of life
  that we have to live with
• Be involved and know what is going on.
• Teach students to critically think about the
  companies that are funding the schools.

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Our Opinion

• Costs more to educate kids than it did 20 years
  ago
• Corporation funding needs to be a true public
  service
• Kids need to be treated as students not corporate
  America
• No offer of voucher or tax credit
• Educate Parents, Teachers, Students on corporate
  involvement

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Corp. Checklist

• Educating and marketing like oil to water.
• Opening flood gates of consumerism to children.
• Business targeting captive audience.
• Letting legislatures and public off hook-
  responsible for funding edu.
• Pressured to accept materials
• Public and private partnership
• Awareness
• 6 Ways to Fight Commercialism (hand out)

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