Take Home Questions

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Take Home Questions
Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
Olopatadine (Patanol)
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Olopatadine (Patanol)
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Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
Consider this as a carboxylic acid Best absorbed
at low pH ? stomach
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Clemastine (Tavist)
Consider this as an amine Best absorbed at
higher pH ? small intestine
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Compare
Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
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Antihistamines

• First-Generation Antihistamines Ingredients and
  Brand Names. The older, so-called first
  generation antihistamines include
• Diphenhydramine (Benadryl).
• Carbinoxamine (Clistin).
• Clemastine (Tavist).
• Chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton). Some health
  professionals recommend this agent if
  antihistamines are required during pregnancy. And
  many believe it is as effective as the second
  generation antihistamines and much less
  expensive.
• Brompheniramine (Dimetane).
• First-generation antihistamines contain compounds
  called anticholinergics, which tend to produce
  the side effects that differentiate this group
  from second-generation antihistamines.

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Antihistamines

• Second-Generation Antihistamines Ingredients and
  Brand Names. The newer second-generation
  antihistamines do not contain anticholinergics
  and so do not usually cause drowsiness at
  recommended doses as the first generation
  antihistamines do. The second-generation agents
  include the following
• Fexofenadine (Allegra).
• Loratidine (Claritin).
• Cetirizine (Zyrtec).
• Desloratadine (Clarinex). This agent is similar
  to Claritin but is approved for both outdoor and
  indoor allergies. (Claritin is approved only for
  outdoor allergies.)
• Acrivastine (Semprex).
• Norastemizole, levocetirizine, and mizolastine
  are other promising and unique second-generation
  antihistamines under investigation in the US and
  Europe.

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Acid Base Compatability

• Penicillin Acid
• HA H A-
• Codeine Base
• BH H B

Conjugate Acid Conjugate base
R-NH3 R-NH2
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Acid Base Compatability
-

Penicillin Acid
Codeine Base
-

Precipitates!!!