TALKIN ABOUT A REVOLUTION

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TALKIN ABOUT A REVOLUTION
Michael Levine, Ph.D., FAED Kenyon College
Gambier, OH
Margo Maine, Ph.D., FAED Maine Weinstein, West
Hartford, CT
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Not Ready to Make Nice
Lost Cat Card from Caddylax Graffix
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Anger in the Service of Love

• Somebody ought to
• do something

Kappa Slappa Ho
The Ultimate Driving Machine as -- The
Ultimate Attraction --
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Goals of this Presentation

• Why are we so angry (still)?
• The Bolder Model
• Being the changes a parallel process
• The Personal and the Professional in Prevention
• The Professional and the Political get Personal
• Culture is everywhere, but so is Hope
• Get Up, Stand Up, Step Up

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See What You See . . . Say What You SayKnow What
You Know - Eve Enslerand dont deny it when it
makes you angry

• Statistics are people
• with the tears washed away
• Return to gender, address
• well known
• The wars (en)raged on
• What about boys to
• men?

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Boys Men Do You Think Barbie Still Dreams of
Ken?
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Implications of Current ResearchAn Ecological
Perspective Means That Prevention Should Involve
Boys and Men in Various Ways
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Prevention, Knowledge, and Research

• If you want to truly understand something,
• try to change it
• - Kurt Lewin (1890-1947)
• (no date/source, as quoted in
• APA Policy and Planning Board. (2007). Who cares
  about APA policy and does it have an impact?
  American Psychologist, 62, 491-503.)

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A Bolder Model of Prevention (Irving,
1999 Levine, Piran, Stoddard, 1999 Levine
Smolak, 2006 Maine, 2000 Piran, 2001 Sigall
Pabst, 2005)


Cultural Literacy
5 Components of Effective Prevention

Professional
Awareness Analysis Activism and
Advocacy Access (e.g., to media)
Collaboration Consciousness-Raising Competencies
Choices and Changes adapted from gender
literacy work of Sigall Pabst

Personal

Political
You must be the change You wish to see in the
world - Ghandi
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But What, Like, Really, Can Anybody Do?Being
the Change A Parallel Process

• Kenyon
• 2001-2002 ?
• Andy Mills Becky
• Osborn Erica
• Neitz (01)
• (with support from
• Levine, Smolak, Murnen)

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Somebody Ought to Do and Be Something

• Consciousness-Raising
• Connections
• Competence-Building
• Change
• Choices and Control

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THE PERSONAL Body Image Remember and Practice
The Bill of Rights I have and will exercise the
right to

• Remind myself, constantly if necessary, of the
  following 10 or more good things about my body
• Be fit and energetic, no matter what I look like
• To dance, swim, sunbathe, and be active no matter
  what I look like
• To wear clothes that are comfortable and express
  my selfmy styleno matter what I look like

• Nourish my body and spirit
• Appreciate my body, which will never be perfect
• Feel good in and about my body
• Remind myself that there are hundreds of very
  admirable people whose body shapes vary
  tremendously

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Which one of the these women is a Model?
Nobel Prize for Literature, 1993
Xena, Warrior Princess Doll/Action Figure
Spain - 2007
Ms. Chloe Anthony Wofford
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Role Model (www.m-w.com)

• A person whose behavior in a particular role is
  imitated by others

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The Personal Basic or Model Questions

• Do you have at least one role model?
• List 3 characteristics that make that person a
  role model for you?
• Do you own or have access to a picture or image
  of that person?
• Do you have that picture or image prominently
  featured in your dorm room?
• Have you ever talked with a close friend or lover
  about that role model -- who is it? Why he she is
  a role model for you? What that person means in
  your life?

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Body Image Be a Real Super Model

• Reject weightism as an untenable form
• of prejudice
• Modify your body image, not your
• weight and shape
• a. Practice refusing self-criticism,
• not restricting
• b. Draining the mirror scale
• c. Drunk on the street test
• Make contact with people, not war
• on your body, your mind, your spirit.
• Refuse to play the BDG
• Hills Daily Diet of Praise Affirming
• skill, strength, care, presence

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THE PERSONAL Body Image Be a Real Super Model

• Study culture, cultures,
• history, gender, resistance,
• transformation--for both
• boys and girls
• Talk to others, making
• the private into the public
• Promote safety, respect,
• and substance

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THE PERSONAL Goal Models in Historyand
Narratives of Resistance (after Sigall Pabst)

• This cause is not altogether and exclusively
  womens cause. It is the cause of human
  brotherhood as well as human sisterhood, and both
  must rise and fall together. Woman cannot be
  elevated without elevating man, and man cannot be
  depressed without depressing woman also.
• - Frederick Douglas
• 1848

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The ProfessionalRationale for Prevention

• Prevalence, severity vs. person-power shortage
• Multifaceted health promotion
• Evidence - sociocultural basis
• Gender and development
• Historical aspects (Silverstein Perlick, 1995)
• Other social changes in the
• USA (e.g., womens athletics)

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The ProfessionalConclusions About
Universal-Selective Prevention

• Good outcome research remains limited
• There is an encouraging theoretical and research
  basis for prevention it simply is not true that
  
• a prevention changes only knowledge, and
• b no studies have shown a long-term effect
• Value of psychoeducation as a foundation. . . .
• However, with a few exceptions, programs to date
  have either not really assessed prevention or
  have had limited long-term effects

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The ProfessionalConclusions About Prevention
(continued)

• The program participation effect indicates
• that a more intensive, participatory, ecological
  perspective is needed
• The issue is ethics, not iatrogenesis failure
• be concerned about, but preoccupied with harm
• No systematic work on selective-targeted
  prevention
• elementary and middle school children

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Implications of a Sociocultural PerspectiveAn
Ecological ApproachA Simplified Look at the
Rose Paradox (Austin, 2001 Rose, 1995)

• Number Risk - Disorder
  N___
• 10,000 High
  12 1200
• 90,000 Lower
  2 1800
• 100,000 total Low-mod? 3
  3000
• Selective-Targeted Prevention is not the only
  answer!

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The Professional Implications of Current
ResearchAn Ecological Perspective means that we
can learn a lot from prevention of cigarette
smoking other substance use/abuse

• Engaging students
• Normative expectations
• Critical thinking
• Life Skills
• Peer involvement
• School policies
• classroom work
• Community
• programming

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Goldberg et al. (2000) The Adolescents Training
Learning to Avoid Steroids (ATLAS) Program

• Education, media literacy, media advocacy,
  refusal skills, nutrition strength training
• HS football players (vs. controls) 1 year FU
• -- greater knowledge (exercise, AS)
• -- less investment in images of use
• -- less intent to use
• -- less new use
• -- saw coaches as less tolerant
• ATHENA for girls
• http//www.ohsu.edu/hpsm/atlas.html

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The Personal Professional - Cultural Literacy,
the Critical Perspective, and Prevention
Sociocultural influences
Unhealthy Messages
Negative Effects
Consciousness- raising Choice
Competence Connection Change

• Analysis
• Fair?
• Function?
• Who benefits?

Activism Advocacy
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Some Things are Like PreventionHard to
Understand How it Could Happen,But It Needs to
be Done
Bring it!
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A Small Group of Citizens -- NEDA andEating
Disorders Awareness Week

• First EDAW Mt. Vernon/Knox County Fall 1983
• First National EDAW 1987
• 20th Anniversary

Feb. 14, 2007
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Were Not Going to Take It

• When will women not be compelled to view their
  bodies as science projects, gardens to be weeded,
  dogs to be trained?
• Marge Piercy, cited in M. Maine (2000)
• ANAD Hersheys (1988)
• EDAP Hormels (1996)

1983 Nobel Prize Winner (Chemistry) Barbara
McClintock at Cornell, 1929
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Hope is Everywhere and so is determination and
skill

• Dads and Daughters, Inc.
• Joe Kelly and Nancy Gruver
• www.dadsanddaughters.org
• Protest, praise, advocacy

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Hope is Everywhere and so is determination and
skill

• A great model an ongoing narrative of
  courage, resistance, and change is the Red
  Wing, MN GO GIRLSTM program work guided by Sarah
  Stinson

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ITS TIME TO STAND UP IF -- YOU REALLY BELIEVE
THAT

• The type of person
• you are your
• character,
• your substance,
• your spirit and guts
• are more important
• than your weight or pants size.

Madame Curie
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ITS TIME TO STAND UP IF -- YOU REALLY BELIEVE
THAT

• Every person
• is entitled to
• respect and dignity
• no matter what their
• size and shape,
• their apparent fitness,
• the color of their skin,
• or their gender

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ITS TIME TO STAND UP IF -- YOU REALLY BELIEVE
THAT

• Individual differences -- diversity -- in height
  and weight and body shape are a very bad thing,
  and that all girls should be tall and thin, while
  all boys should be tall and muscular People
  should be more like the manikins in the store

Model for Rosa Cha Spring 2007 Fashion
Week 9-14-06
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Its Time to Stand Up and Take onSpace The
Final Frontier

• Work to surround yourself with, and connect
  yourself and your loved ones to, women of
  substance women who take up space in the world
  and have something to say about it

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ITS TIME TO STAND UP IF YOU REALLY BELIEVE
THAT

• People -- and especially girls -- should treat
  their bodies as objects, things, and commodities
  to be sculpted, starved, leered at, jeered at,
  sneered at, and painted into shape -- that
  peoples bodies are in many ways no different
  than cars. . . .

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ITS TIME TO STAND UP IF -- YOU REALLY BELIEVE
THAT

• You can tell how good a person is -- how
  talented, caring, friendly, trustworthy, funny,
  spirited, spiritual -- by watching what they eat
  and seeing how muscular they are and/or how much
  they weigh

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ITS TIME TO STAND UP IF -- YOU REALLY BELIEVE
THAT

• People should work together with their family,
  their friends, their colleagues, their church,
  and other groups who refuse to keep silent and to
  sit still when they see injustice and lack of
  necessary resources in the world That it is
  important to take a stand for what is right and
  decent. . . .

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Planning the Day for Prevention

• It is hard to know when to respond to the
  seductiveness of the world and when to respond to
  its challenge. If the world were merely
  seductive, that would be easy. If it were merely
  challenging, that would be no problem. But I
  arise in the morning torn between the desire to
  improve the world and a desire to enjoy the
  world. This makes it hard to plan the day. . . .
• 
  - E. B. White

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Hope is the Thing with Feathers. . . .

• Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful
  committed citizens can change the world. Indeed,
  its the only thing that ever has.
• -- Margaret Mead

Pillars of Fulfillment Tribute to Dr. Lori
Irving by Women Who Weld University of
Washington, Vancouver, WA