Space Exploration Merit Badge April 2000

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Space Exploration Merit BadgeApril 2000

• Vincent Needham
• Physics Department
• Kansas State University
• http//www.phys.ksu.edu/area/jrm/vince.html

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Summary of Course

• Describe the purpose and operation of a space
  transportation system, including
• Main components
• Typical flight profiles
• Payloads and their missions
• How to learn more...
• Discuss careers in space exploration
• Launch and recover model rockets

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Basic Rocketry

• Traditional Bell Nozzle
• Linear Aerospike

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Propulsion
SSME
Linear Aerospike
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The Space Shuttle (First Launch 12 April 1981)

• Manned spacecraft
• Orbiter
• LH/LOX Main Engines (SSME)
• Solid Rocket Boosters (SRB)

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Space Shuttle Views
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Solid Rocket Boosters(SRB)
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Space Shuttle Main Engines(SSME)
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External Tank(ET)
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Orbiter
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Russkiu Sistema Russian Systems

• SL-4 Launcher
• Soyuz Spacecraft
• Progress Ferry
• Mir Space Station

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SL-4/Soyuz Launcher

• Old (1963), but
• Reliable
• Rugged
• Cheap

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Soyuz Progress

• Soyuz
• 3 Cosmonauts
• Station Rescue

• Progress
• Modified, Unmanned Soyuz
• Supply Ferry for Mir Station

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X-33The Next Generation

• Lockheed
• Skunk Works Design
• McDonnel-Douglas
• Delta Clipper
• Rockwell
• Shuttle Derived

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RLV/X-33 Program (Flight Tests Start Mid-2002)

• Vertical Liftoff
• Horizontal Landing

• Low Maintenance
• Rapid Turnaround
• Low Cost

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Shuttle Flight Profile
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Shuttle Launch
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Delta II Launch Cam
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Inside the Shuttle
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Flight Deck

• Flight Controls

• Payload Systems

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Atlantis Avionics Upgrade
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Mid-Deck

• Crew quarters
• Experiments
• Supplies
• Extended by
• SpaceHab Module
• SpaceLab

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Payloads

• Satellites (Delivered Repaired!)

• SpaceLab/Space Station

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Io Jupiter
Hubble Space Telescope

• Launched on 24 April 1990
• Shuttle service calls in
• December 1993
• February 1997
• October 1999

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Hubbles Greatest Hits
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Hubble 10th Anniversary
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Planetary Exploration
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Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous
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SpaceLab

• US/European cooperative venture
• Similar to Space Station modules
• NeuroLab, in April 1998, was the last SpaceLab
  mission

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ISS-02A.2a Flight Crew(Launch after 18 May 2000)
STS-101/Atlantis

• James S. Voss (Colonel, USA, Ret.)
• MS3, Aerospace Engineering
• Mary Ellen Weber, Ph.D.
• MS4, Chem Eng Phys Chemistry
• Jeffrey N. Williams (Lt Colonel, USA)
• MS5, Aeronautical Engineering

• James D. Halsell, Jr., (Colonel, USAF)
• -Cdr, Engineering Management
• Scott J. Horowitz, Ph.D. (Colonel, USAF)
• Pilot, Aerospace Engineering
• Susan J. Helms (Colonel, USAF)
• MS1, Aeronautical Engineering
• Yuri Vladimirovich Usachev (RSA)
• MS2, Engineering

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STS-101 Overview
Mission ISS Assembly Flight 2A.2a Shuttle
Atlantis Launch After 18 May 2000 Docking
Flight Day 3 Undocking Flight Day 9 Landing
Late May 2000
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International Space Station

• USA
• Russia
• Europe
• Japan
• Canada

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Mir

• Core module launched in 1986
• Phase 1 of the International Space Station
• Last visiting U.S. astronaut was Andy Thomas
• Final Shuttle-Mir mission was by Discovery on 28
  May 1998.

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Mir 28 Flight Crew

• Mir EO-28 docked 06 April 2000
• Progress M1-2 docked 28 April
• Repair mission is 55 days long
• First mission since August 1999
• Sergei Zaletin Commander, Russian
• Alexander Kaleri
• Flight Engineer, Russian

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Station Assembly in 2000

• May Atlantis/2A.2a Maintenance and Repair

July Russians Launch Zvezda Service Module
? August Atlantis/2A.2b Delivers More Internal
Gear
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Station Assembly in 2000

• Sept Discovery /3A Truss Module Z1, PMA-3

Oct ISS Expedition 1 crew delivers Russian
Soyuz Nov Endeavour/4A Z1 Solar Arrays
?
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Space Station Tour
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At Home on the Station

• Astronauts must be safe, happy productive

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STS-96 Discovery

• First crew to enter ISS in April 1999

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TransHab (and Mars)
An Inflatable Home in Space or on Mars
The Space Station Habitat...
...Leads to a Mars Habitat
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Re-entry Approach

• Thermal tiles absorb extreme heat

• Dead-stick landing
• Energy management is critical

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Landing

• KSC is preferred spaceport
• Edwards AFB is backup
• White Sands, NM used once

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Pilots Eye View
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X-33/Venture Star
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The Future

• Private Launch Ventures
• Boeing SeaLaunch
• Rotary Rocket
• Kistler K-1
• Bristol Spaceplane/Skylon
• Pioneer Rocketplane/BlackHorse

• Commercial Satellite Payloads
• Iridium (66/66) RIP
• Teledesic (0/288)
• Orbcomm (28/28)
• Globalstar (20/52)
• And more to come!

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New Launchers
First Boeing/Energia/Kvaerner SeaLaunch, 27 March
1999
Rotary Rockets Roton Roll-Out, 01 March 1999
First Launch in 2001-02?
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Roton Test Flight
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Astronaut Qualifications

• How can I become an astronaut?
• Any adult man or woman in excellent physical
  condition who meets the basic qualifications can
  be selected to enter astronaut training.
• For mission specialists and pilot astronauts,
  the minimum requirements include a bachelor's
  degree in engineering, science or mathematics
  from an accredited institution. Three years of
  related experience must follow the degree, and an
  advanced degree is desirable. Pilot astronauts
  must have at least 1,000 hours of experience in
  jet aircraft, and they need better vision than
  mission specialists. Competition is extremely
  keen, with an average of over 4,000 applicants
  for about 20 openings every 2 years.
• Astronaut recruiting occurs periodically. For
  more information, write to the Astronaut
  Selection Office, NASA Johnson Space Center,
  Houston, TX 77058.

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Where to get more information

• Your local library
• The World Wide Web
• Most of this presentation was prepared from WWW
  resources!
• http//www.phys.ksu.edu/area/jrm/vince.html
• http//spacelink.nasa.gov/
• http//www.yahoo.com/Science/Space/ (1248
  listings!)