Scalar Dimensions of NonMarket Governance in Knowledge Economies A look at the microelectronics indu

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Scalar Dimensions of Non-Market Governance in
Knowledge Economies A look at the
microelectronics industry in the Greater Toronto
Area
INTRODUCTION
CONTEXT
TYPOLOGY
INDUSTRY
STUDY REGION
Prepared for 2005 CPSA Annual ConferenceJune
2-4, 2005, London, ON Tijs Creutzberg Ph.D.
CandidateDepartment of Political Science
University of Toronto
HISTORY
CONTEMPORARY
CONCLUSION
CONTEXT
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Theoretical Context

• Re-scaling of the economy (e.g. Swyngedouw 2003,
  Jessop 1994)
• Change in relative importance of economic
  institutions
• Subnational institutions more prominent
• Economic communities (e.g. Henton 1997)

INTRODUCTION
CONTEXT
TYPOLOGY
INDUSTRY
STUDY REGION
HISTORY
CONTEMPORARY
CONCLUSION
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Two types of governance
INTRODUCTION
CONTEXT
TYPOLOGY
INDUSTRY
STUDY REGION
HISTORY
CONTEMPORARY
CONCLUSION
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Two types of governance
INTRODUCTION
CONTEXT
TYPOLOGY
INDUSTRY
STUDY REGION
HISTORY
CONTEMPORARY
CONCLUSION
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Geography of fabless microelectronics
Leading Fabless IC Suppliers by revenue, 2003
INTRODUCTION
CONTEXT
TYPOLOGY
INDUSTRY
STUDY REGION
HISTORY
CONTEMPORARY
CONCLUSION
Source IC Insights, 2003
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The Greater Toronto Area at a glance
INTRODUCTION
CONTEXT
TYPOLOGY
INDUSTRY
STUDY REGION
HISTORY
CONTEMPORARY
CONCLUSION
Source GTMA
Lake Ontario
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Early strategic efforts 1950s-1970s

• Key actors
• Federal government (DOD, DTIC)
• The University of Toronto
• Multinationals
• Initiatives government partnerships with chosen
  firms
• Technology procurement
• Navy / Ferranti DATAR tracking system
• Technology development
• DTIC / CDC - computers
• Multilevel dimension
• National engagement of local (Toronto based)
  actors
• National leadership moral persuasion

INTRODUCTION
CONTEXT
TYPOLOGY
INDUSTRY
STUDY REGION
HISTORY
CONTEMPORARY
CONCLUSION
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Strategic initiatives in 1980s-1990s

• Key actors
• Federal (DTIC, Granting council)
• Provincial government
• The University of Toronto
• Initiatives capability hubs
• Microelectronics Development Centre
• Canadian Microelectronics Corporation
• University based centres of excellence Micronet
  / CITO
• Multilevel dimension
• Ad hoc, fixed-term support
• No long-term strategy
• A mix of local and supra-local leadership

INTRODUCTION
CONTEXT
TYPOLOGY
INDUSTRY
STUDY REGION
HISTORY
CONTEMPORARY
CONCLUSION
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Contemporary strategic governance more of the
same only less

• Retrenchment of the federal government Micronet
• the federal government thought microelectronics
  was done
• Disengaged local associative system
• No strategic outlook
• Competitive
• Traditional lobbying, information providers

INTRODUCTION
CONTEXT
TYPOLOGY
INDUSTRY
STUDY REGION
HISTORY
CONTEMPORARY
CONCLUSION
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though with some signs of a strengthening local
dimension

• Toronto City Summit Alliance
• Toronto Region Research Alliance
• Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
• City of Toronto
• Toronto Competes
• Markham
• Innovation Synergy Centre

INTRODUCTION
CONTEXT
TYPOLOGY
INDUSTRY
STUDY REGION
HISTORY
CONTEMPORARY
CONCLUSION
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Conclusion

• Strategic governance has been a key variable in
  explaining the GTAs microelectronics industry
• Helps localize resources in the creation of
  knowledge assets
• Adapts infrastructure to evolving industry needs
• The organizational structure of this governance
  has changed significantly
• but is there a GTA model?
• No local uptake local strategic coordination is
  weak
• Weak linkages between various nodes of actors
• Multilevel though little coordination
• No regional focus
• Localizing dynamics do exist
• Engineering professors
• Municipalities
• Transition?

INTRODUCTION
CONTEXT
TYPOLOGY
INDUSTRY
STUDY REGION
HISTORY
CONTEMPORARY
CONCLUSION