Judaism G_ds Promise

1
JudaismG_ds Promise
2
Abraham
3
Abram

• Judaism starts with the Patriarch Abraham whose
  name was changed from Abram. It is to him that
  G_d made a promise that he would be the father of
  many nations.

4
Abrahams journey

• Abraham moved to Palestine around 4000 BCE. This
  was part of G_ds promise.

5
The Mighty Nation

• The descendents of Abraham settled in Egypt where
  they had become slaves.
• They cried to G_d for deliverance from bondage of
  slavery.
• G_d called Moses to lead them.

6
Moses

• Moses is a main figure in Jewish history.
• Born to a Jew he was rescued from the Nile by the
  daughter of the Pharaoh of Egypt .

7
Moses

• He grew up probably as both an Egyptian and a
  Jew. Although he was in the house of Pharaoh he
  was "nursed/raised" by his birth mother.
• He was raised to be a leader and became second in
  command of Egypt.

8
Moses Flees

• It was discovered that he was a Jew and had to
  leave because he murdered an Egyptian.

9
The Call of Moses

• He later returns to Egypt after the burning bush
  experience to lead the Israelites out of Egypt.

10
Moses Before Pharaoh

• Moses comes before Pharaoh and tells Pharaoh to
  let G_ds people go.

11
Pharaohs Response

• Pharaoh refuses.
• Moses then issues forth the ten plagues.

12
The Passover

• The Jews were instructed to put blood on their
  doorposts.
• When the Angel of Death came it passed over the
  homes with blood on the doorposts.

13
Final Plague

• When the Pharaoh refused Moses last request the
  final plague was issued--the death of every
  firstborn male.

14
Haste

• Pharaoh relented and let the Israelites leave.
  They had to make preparations to leave quickly.

15
Change

• Pharaoh changed his mind and decided to chase the
  Israelites.
• According the the Hebrew Bible as the Israelites,
  lead by Moses, stood at the Red Sea or the Sea of
  Reeds, G_d acted on their behalf and parted the
  waters.

16
The Deliverance

• According to the Jews in the deliverance three
  things were affirmed.
• Yahweh is the creator of the universe
• Yahweh chose the Israelites
• The Jews are to reveal Yahweh to the rest of the
  world.

17
G_ds Deliverance

• G_d, by way of Moses, led the descendents of
  Abraham out of slavery. A covenant was
  established by way of the Ten Commandments and
  the Laws of Moses.

18
Results of the Covenant

• Yahweh is the the G_d not only the Israelites but
  of all creation.
• The Israelites are G_ds people.
• Jewish communal life was established
• The Pentateuch (the first five books of the
  Hebrew Bible) tells the history and regulates the
  community.

19
A Light to the Gentiles (non Jews)

• The Jews reveal the nature of G_d and point the
  way to G_d for the rest of the world.

20
Hebrew Bible c. 900-200 BCE

• 3 sections
• the Law - Torah
• the Prophets - Neviim
• the Writings - Kethuvim
• Together they are called Tanakh
• The Torah is the core of the Bible
• Talmud (oral and written interpretations of the
  Torah).

21
Rites and Festivals

• Circumcision of the male child at 8 days
• Bar Mitzvah (Bas Mitzvah girl) boy reaches 13
  years of age demonstrates acceptance of Covenant
• Marriage
• Burial

22
Festivals

• Pesach (Passover) deliverance from Egypt
• Shavuot (Pentecost) harvest and Torah
• Sukkot (tabernacles) Fall Festival
• Rosh Hashana (New Year)
• Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement)
• Hanukkah (victory over the Syrians in 165 BCE
• Purim (deliverance from the Persian Empire)

23
Jewish Beliefs
24
Jewish Belief

• There is no official Jewish creed--however,
  there are some basic ideas.
• Belief in G_d. G_d is one, formless,
  all-knowing, and eternal. G_d is master of the
  universe as its creator and judge. G_d is both
  loving and just.
• Belief in the words of the prophets.

25
Jewish Belief

• Belief that G_d gave the law to Moses.
• Belief that the Messiah, the savior to be sent by
  G_d, will come some day.
• Belief that there will be a resurrection of the
  good in the world to come.

26
Divisions within Judaism
27
Divisions within Judaism

• Cultural Based
• Observance Based

28
Cultural Based

• Sephardim
• Ashkemazim
• Falashas, Ethiopian Jews

29
Observance Based

• Orthodox Judaism
• Conservative Judaism
• Reform Judaism
• Reconstructionist Judaism

30
The Four Branches of Judaism
31
Orthodox

• Orthodox Judaism
• it came into existence after the Reform began.
• A branch of Judaism committed to retaining
  traditional practice and belief.
• They are hesitant about discarding any
  traditional practices.

http//www.bbc.co.uk/schools/religion/images/judai
sm/orthodox_jews.jpg
32
Orthodox

• Among the things that they believe are
• In synagogues women are separate from men
• There must be a quorum of men for service to
  begin
• Only men celebrate the coming of age (bar mitzvah)

http//www.ccoc.net/terror/images/articles/Rachami
m-Bar-Mitzvah.jpg
33
Orthodox

• Males keep their heads covered
• Social roles are strictly separate (trad.
  Men/Women)
• Orthodox household keep strict rules about diet.

http//i-cias.com/e.o/ill/jud_orth01_large.jpg
http//www.payer.de/kommkulturen/kultur13137.gif
34
Conservative

• Frankel Solomon Schchter was an early leader of
  this branch.
• The Reform movement was too radical.
• The Torah and the Talmud must be followed.
• Practices can vary from synagogue to synagogue.
• Most of the worship service is in Hebrew.

http//www.ucalgary.ca/elsegal/363_Transp/shechte
r.gif
35
Conservative

• Males wear head coverings (yarmulkes or kippot)
• Members are encouraged to observe kashruth,
  kosher food laws, Shabbat and holidays.
• Change is accepted but with much study and
  discussion and carefully weighing all traditions.

http//www.ajcop.org/images/huberman.jpg
36
Reform Judaism

• David Einhorn and Isaac Mayer inspired this
  movement in the US. Outline
• The Torah has moral authority but ceremonial and
  dietary laws are no longer binding.
• A need for a Jewish homeland was recognized.
• An emphasis is placed on religious practice,
  observing the Sabbath, and keeping the holidays.

http//www.ucalgary.ca/elsegal/363_Transp/Reform_
logo.GIF
37
Reform Judaism

• Outline (continued)
• Most of the services are in English and males are
  not required to wear coverings.
• Men and women can sit together
• Women can be ordained as Rabbis.
• Mendelssohn was influential in Europe
• He advocated religious tolerance, Judaism could
  be combined with secular culture and embraced
  many of the ideas of the European Enlightenment.

http//www.betham.org/women/bawconference.jpg
38
More Reform

• Reform synagogue has women and men sitting
  together, services are conducted in both Hebrew
  and the native tongue, there are choirs and use
  of organ.
• Traditional ways of dressing are dropped.
• The idea is to totally modernize Judaism to be
  able to survive contemporary cultures.

39
Reconstructionist Judaism

• Founded by Mordecai Kaplan.
• Individuals in this form are introduced to
  traditional Judaism but are allowed to
  individually interpret elements.
• Such things as angels, prophecy, revealed law,
  and the Messiah are taken as symbols.
• G_d is seen as the Power which makes me follow
  even higher ideals.
• Judaism is seen as an changing cultural force.