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Sui, Tang and Song Dynasties

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non-Chinese nomads controlled many areas. Buddhism replaced Confucianism as a primary force in cultural life ... version of Confucianism---- Neo Confucianism ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Sui, Tang and Song Dynasties


1
Sui, Tang and Song Dynasties
2
Themes of Chinese Civilization
  • Turmoil after Han Dynasty
  • Bureaucracy collapsed
  • Scholar gentry lost ground to landed families
  • non-Chinese nomads controlled many areas
  • Buddhism replaced Confucianism as a primary force
    in cultural life
  • Economic, cultural and Urban decline
  • Post Classical China
  • Culture consolidated
  • Patriarchy reigned stronger than ever
  • Scholar gentry restored
  • Nomads brought under state control
  • Bureaucracy rebuilt
  • Center of society moved to South East
  • Less FUNDAMENTAL innovation
  • Huge developments in Technology
  • Seen as Renaissance because it
  • WAS a rebirth of Chinese society

3
Founding of Sui Dynasty
Sui Dynasty, 581-618 C.E.
  • Wendi( noble) came to power with help of nomads
  • Conquered Northern and Southern kingdom
  • Popular lowered taxes, established granary
  • Yangdi ( Wendis son)
  • -conquered further
  • -reformed legal code
  • -brought back scholar gentry

4
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5
Sui Dynasty, 581-618 C.E.Accomplishments
  • EstablishedLand Equalization System gt land
    redistribution. ( Popular)
  • Unified coinage. (Good for trade growth)
  • Grand Canal constructed( linked empire)
  • Established an army of professional soldiers.

6
The Grand Canal
7
The Grand Canal Today
8
Sui Collapse
  • People were overworked and overtaxed!
  • Unsuccessful conquest of Korea and defeat by
    Turkic nomads in 615 led to widespread revolts
  • Assasinated in 618 AD

9
Tang Restoration
  • Li Yuan- Duke of Tang
  • ( former Sui) took over
  • Extended empire to
  • Afghanistan, Tibet, Vietnam, Manchuria and Korea
  • ( ? for nomads)
  • Brilliantly used Turkic nomads in military and
    trade to assimilate them into Chinese culture
  • repaired Great wall ?

10
More Tang Restoration
  • Scholar gentry restored Confucian ideology
  • (allowed Tang to maintain imperial unity)
  • -Aristocratic power
  • Authority shared by imperial families and scholar
    gentry bureaucrats
  • ( bureau of censors watched all officials)

11
Totally awesome Scholar Gentry
  • Members of Scholar Gentry
  • Civil Service Exam and patterns regularized
  • Delivered by ministry of public rites
  • Highest offices went to highest scoring students
  • Additional exams led to special social status
  • Birth connections still helped but Intelligent
    commoners could rise to high positions

12
Tang Dynasty, 618-907 C.E. More totally awesome
feats
  • New technologies
  • Printing --gt moveable print ?!
  • Porcelain!
  • Gunpowder!
  • Mechanical clocks!
  • More cosmopolitan culture.
  • Reestablished the safety of the Silk Road.
  • Tea comes into China from Southeast Asia. ?

13
Tang Religion
  • Confucian Revival threatened Buddhism
  • (Mahayana Buddhism( salvationist) practiced by
    masses)
  • (Zen Buddhism practiced by elite)
  • Many early Tang leaders accepted it
  • Especially Chinas only female emperor Empress Wu

14
Empress Wu Zetian, 624-705
  • The only female Empress in Chinas history who
    ruled alone. ?
  • Searched for outstanding individuals to attract
    to her court.
  • Construction of new irrigation systems.
  • Buddhism was the favored statereligion.
  • Financed the building of many Buddhist
    temples.
  • BUT She appointed cruel and sadistic
    ministers to seek out her enemies.

15
Tang Religion Continued
  • Concuians and Daoists Hated Buddhists
  • Confucian scholars convinced Tang leaders that
    untaxed Buddhist Monastaries threatened empire
  • Emperor Wuzong ( 841-847)
  • destoryed thousands of monasteries and shrines
  • Hundreds of thousands of monks and nuns wre
    killed or forced to leave
  • Buddhist lands were taxed or redistributed to
    noble and peasants

16
RELIGIOUS CHANGE
  • Buddhism Survived
  • But a new version of Confucianism----
  • Neo Confucianism
  • -became the enduring central ideology of Chinese
    Civilization

17
Foot-Binding in Tang China
  • Broken toes by 3 years of age.
  • Size 5 ½ shoe on the right

18
Foot-Binding in Tang China
  • Mothers bound their daughters feet.

19
Foot-Binding in Tang China
  • For upper-class girls, it became a new custom.

20
The Results of Foot-Binding
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