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National Communications Forum: Session T-01

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... to test interoperability of equipment and technology ... Benefits of Broadband Access. High Speed 'always on' connections to the Internet. Cost-effective ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: National Communications Forum: Session T-01


1
National Communications Forum Session T-01
  • Fundamentals of Broadband Access
  • Session T-01
  • Tuesday, October 17

Judith Hellerstein, President Hellerstein
Associates 2400 Virginia Avenue NW, Suite 1023C
Washington, DC 20037 Phone (202) 333-6517 Fax
(509) 355-9792 Judithh_at_jhellerstein.com www.jhelle
rstein.com
2
Outline
  • What is Broadband?
  • Technology Drivers The Shift Towards Data
  • Broadband Applications
  • Broadband Demand
  • Four Access Technologies
  • DSL, Cable Modem, Fixed Wireless, Satellite
  • Benefits of Broadband Access
  • Download and Performance Comparison Information

3
What is Broadband?
  • DSL 386K-7 Mb
  • Cable Averages at 1 Mb
  • Fixed Wireless 10Mb/s - 10Gb/s
  • Satellite 300K- 2Mb

Need is 10x to 100x higher bit rate than todays
offerings
4
The Internet will be THE Information
andCommunication Platform for the Future
5
Technology Drivers The Shift Towards Data
  • Strong Demand for Broadband access from
    Residential, SOHO, and Business
  • High speed Internet Access
  • Super-fast Web browsing
  • Almost instantaneous file downloading
  • Streaming video/audio
  • Voice over DSL
  • E-commerce
  • Distance Learning
  • Content Delivery

6
Technology Drivers The Shift Towards Data
(continued)
  • Educational/Health Services
  • Work-at-Home
  • Telecommuting
  • Telephony
  • Small Office / Home Office
  • Teleconferencing
  • Remote video monitoring
  • Intranet
  • Internet
  • Other Business Applications, e.g., Voice over DSL
  • Remote LAN Access through VPNs
  • Demand for Hosted Applications

7
Technology Drivers The Shift Towards Data
(continued)
  • Entertainment
  • Video services
  • Movies
  • Games
  • Additional Voice Lines
  • VoDSL

8
2003 Broadband Demand
  • More than 60 of all Internet access will be
    through broadbandDSL, Cable or Wireless
  • More than half of all broadband access will be
    through DSL
  • One in four users will be in smaller markets
  • Strong demand in small, midsize and semi-rural
    markets

9
Four Access Technologies
  • DSL
  • Cable Modems
  • Fixed Broadband Wireless
  • Satellite

10
Standards Based Access Solutions
  • Benefits of using a standards-based solution
  • Lack of standards leads to market fragmentation,
    low volumes, and high cost
  • Promotes interoperability of technologies and
    devices and leads to increased customer choice
  • Allows the market to provide more product and
    supplier alternatives than possible without a
    standard
  • Helps focus industry on resolving other
    challenges necessary to reach mass deployment
  • Lowers costs to suppliers and to consumers
  • Increases choice of providers and greater
    selection of products

11
Interoperability
  • Interoperability is key, both among different
    technologies and among equipment providers
  • In each of the access technologies there are
    groups actively working on interoperability.
  • DSL DSL Forum
  • University of New Hampshires Interoperability
    lab
  • Both UNH www.iol.unh.edu/consortiums/index.html
    and the DSL Forum, www.dslforum.org, hold
    frequent plugfests to test interoperability of
    equipment and technology amongst a large
    collection of companies in the same room
  • Open DSL Consortium
  • Cable Cable Labs
  • Fixed Wireless Wireless DSL Consortium
  • Interoperability is a critical first step in
    getting to certification
  • Service providers need to provide deployment
    models so that products can be tested and
    certified

12
DSL Forum
  • DSL Forum Interoperability Working Group and the
    UNH Interoperability Lab hold frequent plugfests
  • G8 Interoperability Group 8, Members working to
    develop a long term framework for accelerating
    interoperability and providing leadership at
    ongoing plugfests
  • Developed a framework for facilitating
    interoperability and driving towards
    certification
  • Testing is currently taking place on an
    accelerated schedule

13
Cable Labs
  • A non-profit research and development consortium
    that represents cable TV operators. Ongoing
    Projects include
  • Cable Modem
  • DOCSIS Project defined the requirements for high
    speed access over cable modems
  • Open cable
  • Produced a series of specifications that define
    all next generation set-top boxes other digital
    devices used by cable operators
  • Created a process the facilities to test and
    certify for interoperability Open cable devices
  • Packet cable
  • A process for delivering interoperable
    specifications for delivering advanced real-time
    multimedia services over two-way cable plant
  • In-home networking

14
Wireless DSL Consortium
  • New group formed in July 2000 and composed of
    Fixed Broadband Wireless equipment and chip
    manufacturers, system integrators, and service
    providers whose goals are
  • To define, develop, and implement a set of open
    interfaces for MMDS products.
  • Enable quality of service control to the end-user
  • Improve Wireless broadband coverage to non
    line-of-sight customers
  • Create protocol specifications, interoperability
    standards, and validation methods for testing of
    new standard

15
Spectrum Compatibility and Management
  • Along with Interoperability, Spectrum
    Compatibility and Management is a crucial issue
    that needs to be addressed for all access
    technologies
  • Development of spectrum compatibility standards
    is critical for DSL and is essential to reduce
    cross talk and other forms of spectrum
    interference

16
DSL Flavors
  • Eight Flavors of DSL
  • Each flavor is dependent on
  • The distance between the end user and the central
    office.
  • The DSL equipment used
  • DSL functionality is determined by the chipset
    that is included in the flavor offered.

17
Standards Based DSL Variants
  • Standards Based DSL Variants
  • Asymmetric and Symmetric
  • ADSL and G.Lite
  • HDSL2 and G. Shdsl
  • Non-standards based DSL
  • RADSL, SDSL, HDSL, IDSL, and VDSL
  • Propreitary solutions
  • Nortel One Meg Modem
  • Paradynes Reach DSL

18
DSL Flavors
  • ADSL
  • The most popular DSL technology. Can be either
    splitter or splitterless from 384k to 7 Mb
  • ADSL-Lite or G.Lite
  • A stripped down version of ADSL that was meant
    for consumers that offers a lower data rate
  • RADSL
  • Simply a name given to the rate adaptive feature
    built into the original ADSL standard
  • SDSL
  • A symmetric technology that is vendor specific
    and proprietary

19
DSL Flavors (continued)
  • SHDSL
  • Emerging ITU standard (G.shdsl)
  • Spectrally compatible with ADSL and other
    technologies
  • Rate adaptive form of HDSL2
  • Offers superior reach over a single copper pair.
  • Decision expected by Feb 2001
  • Speeds from 324K to 2.3 Mbps.
  • HDSL
  • A vendor specific solution used mostly as a
    replacement for T-1 lines.
  • Requires 4-wires or 2 copper pairs

20
DSL Flavors (continued)
  • HDSL2
  • ITU decision on standard expected by the end of
    2000
  • An improved version of HDSL that requires only
    one copper pair and no line conditioning
  • Can be deployed out to 24,000 feet from the
    central office
  • ANSI standard symmetric solution that is
    spectrally compatible with ADSL
  • IDSL
  • ISDN based low bandwidth solution (144K).
  • Original choice of DLECs entering into the
    market.
  • Today used mostly for loops that are too far from
    the Central Office or are served through a
    Digital Loop carrier
  • VDSL
  • Very High speed DSL that provides ultra-high
    bandwidth for video delivery

21
Cable Modems
  • Two way Broadband service provided through local
    cable operators
  • Three main cable Internet providers
  • _at_Home
  • Roadrunner
  • High Speed Access

22
Structure of Networks
  • Cable networks designed as a tree structure
    Branches of the tree the pathways into the
    neighborhood Leaves identifying individual
    households.
  • Pathways or neighborhood nodes support around 500
    or less homes
  • Nodes can be split down further to ease congestion

Regional Headends
Secondary Hubs
Primary Hubs
10-20 neighborhood nodes
Fiber rings
Fiber rings
23
Cable Modem Speeds
  • Two-way cable modems provide downstream data
    rates from 2 to 10 Mbps over a shared connection
  • Speeds expected to climb to between 27 Mb and 34
    Mbps.
  • Two way cable plant must have at least 550 MHz to
    transmit multiple advanced video and multimedia
    services.
  • Majority of upgraded cable plants have 750 MHz,
    or even 860 MHz to support multimedia services,
    including true video-on demand.

24
Fixed Broadband Wireless
  • Wireless Access refers to delivering services
    using radio waves rather than copper, fiber, or
    coax cable.
  • Can be used as a last mile technology for a
    network that uses coax and/or fiber cables.
  • Services available include
  • Digital info such as voice, video, and data
  • Broadband access similar to ADSL
  • Extensions of the PSTN or VPN
  • Wireless local loop

25
Fixed Broadband Wireless Technology
  • Technology used to deliver wireless access
  • Point-to-point
  • Point-to-multipoint
  • Allows high speed, high capacity two way
    multimedia service to be delivered quickly to
    consumer.
  • Fixed wireless access uses spectrum between 24-42
    GHz
  • ATM air interface supports voice, data, and video
    services
  • Bandwidth shared among users in a cell
  • Bandwidth applications from 64K to 155 Mb

26
Frequencies
  • Frequencies available for delivering broadband
  • Spectrum used is typically above 2 GHz
  • Lower frequencies often used for mobile
    applicationsHigher frequencies often used for
    fixed wireless access
  • Fixed Wireless technologies include LMDS, MMDS,
    and DEMS
  • Fixed wireless spectrum lies between 24-42 GHz
  • Both Licensed and unlicensed bands are available
  • Unlicensed 2.5, 5, 18, and 60 GHz bands (ex.
    Metricoms Ricochet)
  • Licensed 2.6, 24-26, 28-30, and 38-40 GHz bands

27
Fixed Wireless Broadband Access Providers and
Target Markets
  • Teligent
  • Winstar
  • Advanced Radio Telecom
  • ATTs Project Angel
  • Sprint
  • WorldCom
  • Target Markets
  • SOHO
  • Small Business
  • Medium Business

28
Benefits of Fixed Broadband Wireless
  • Provides bandwidth and access speeds equal or
    greater than ADSL or cable modems
  • Can extend the reach of fiber or coax by
    providing the last mile of the network
  • Fast market entry for service providers as
    compared to wired systems
  • Low startup and entry costs
  • Pay as you go approach carriers only required to
    add equipment as the number of users grow
  • Operator control over facilities
  • Flexibility of deployment, especially in
    medium--high population densities where
    penetration rates are initially low

29
Challenges
  • Overcoming line-of-sight limitations
  • Broadband wireless technology not as well
    understood as broadband wired technologies
  • Although spectrum is available, equipment is not
    readily available
  • Technology for the higher frequencies is just now
    coming to market
  • Lack of any high volume production of equipment
    needed
  • 155 Mb modems are only produced in low-volume,
    high-cost production
  • Technology for low-cost, high speed burst modems
    is available but systems have not been produced.

30
Satellites
  • Geostationary (GEOs) satellites have a line of
    sight to almost every location
  • Low earth orbit (LEOs) multi satellite systems
    have a line of sight to every location above
    ground
  • Two way Satellite systems are just being launched
  • Current data access uses the Ku band of spectrum
  • Future broadband access will be provided through
    the use of the Ka band of spectrum
  • Broadband access through Ka spectrum have only
    been tried in labs and thus is untested and
    unproven. Best examples are Teledesic and iSky

31
Satellite Providers
  • Tachyon.net offers three different levels of
    service
  • 300K, 800K, and 2Mb
  • Services sold through ISPs
  • Gilat-to-Home
  • Planned deployments by end of the year through
    VSATs
  • 40Mb outbound, 150K inbound (shared)
  • Hughes
  • DirectPC offers a one way broadband service

32
Benefits of Broadband Access
  • High Speed always on connections to the
    Internet
  • Cost-effective
  • Less expensive to deploy than fiber, frame relay,
    or T-1 services
  • Operates over ordinary 2-wire phone lines
  • Does not require huge upfront costs
  • Users can be added incrementally
  • Workers no longer need to be located on site to
    gain access to corporate LAN
  • No waiting for connection or busy signals
  • Faster time to market

33
Bandwidth Requirements for Broadband Applications
34
Download Comparison
35
Performance Comparison
36
Conclusion
  • Data traffic demand is driving access market to
    provide high-capacity transport
  • Limitations of Fiber/DSL technology are driving
    the broadband wireless industry
  • Cost-effectiveness of broadband access
  • Great market potentials

37
  • Questions, Comments, Suggestions?
  • Judith Hellerstein, President
  • Hellerstein Associates
  • 2400 Virginia Avenue NW Washington, DC 20037
  • Phone (202) 333-6517 Fax (509) 355-9792
  • Judith_at_jhellerstein.com www.jhellerstein.com
  • Thank You
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