Title: National Research Initiative Program Priorities in Human Nutrition, Obesity and Food Safety
1National Research InitiativeProgram Priorities
in Human Nutrition, Obesityand Food Safety
- 2005 National Nutrition, Food Safety, and Health
Conference - Etta Saltos
- National Program Leader, Human Nutrition
- March 31, 2005
2Bioactive Food Components for Optimal
HealthNational Program Leader Etta Saltos
esaltos_at_csrees.usda.gov
- Mechanistic studies of bioavailability, function,
efficacy and safety of physiologically active
dietary components and neglected nutrients - Interrelationships among dietary components in
promoting health - Mechanisms underlying relationship between diet
and optimal health
3Bioactive Food Components for Optimal Health
- Changed focus of program to place emphasis on
physiologically active components in foods,
although work on traditional nutrients still
covered - Behavioral nutrition shifted to Human Nutrition
and Obesity program (began in 04) - Program does NOT cover research
- on dietary supplements!
4Bioactive Food Components for Optimal Health
- of Proposals Submitted 118 (104 standard
research proposals, 6 conference proposals, 8
seed/equipment /research career enhancement
proposals - of Proposals Awarded 19 (10 standard research
grants, 6 conference grants, 1 seed grant, 1
equipment grant, 1 research career enhancement
award) - Success 10 (standard grants)
- Average Award Size - 400,000 (standard grants)
- Average Award Duration (years) 3.2 (standard
grants)
5Highlight 1 Ahluwalia, Iron Status and Immune
Response in Homebound Older Women
Objective Determine effects of Fe deficiency on
measures of immune function in homebound older
women Evaluate functional benefits associated w/
improvement in Fe status
Graphic
- Approach
- Select apparently healthy, homebound women 60-85
yo collect 2 blood samples to evaluate immune
function and nutritional status collect diet
recalls - Provide supplements to Fe-deficient subjects for
2 months collect samples and assess status as
above
Impact Apparently healthy women were found to
have impaired immune function and quality of life
(shortness of breath, attention problems)
resulting from Fe deficiency Results will impact
Dietary Reference Intakes and dietary guidance
for older women
6Highlight 2 Kant, Consumption of Energy-Dense,
Nutrient-Poor Foods by American Children
Objective To determine the proportion of daily
energy and macronutrients from energy-dense,
nutrient-poor (EDNP) foods in the diets of US
children (8-18 yo)
Graphic
- Approach
- Secondary analysis of NHANES III, 1988-1994 for
4800 children - Analysis to determine proportion of daily energy
and macronutrients from EDNP foods association
of consumption of EDNP foods with adequacy of
intake of protein and micronutrients, assoc of
consumption of EDNP foods with health biomarkers,
etc.
Impact EDNP foods are widely consumed and
associated with reduced intakes of
micronutrients Children who consumed school lunch
were less likely to consume EDNP foods Provides
data to support policy decisions
7Human Nutrition and ObesityNational Program
Leaders Etta Saltos esaltos_at_csrees.usda.gov
Susan Welsh swelsh_at_csrees.usda.gov
- All projects must address some aspect of food as
it relates to obesity
8Human Nutrition and Obesity
- Research funding limit 500 K
totalEpidemiologic studies of factors related to
obesity prevention (including secondary data
analysis) - Integrated funding limit 1.5 M total
- Influence of social/psychological factors
- Role of lifestyle, physical activity,
culture/ethnicity - Role of educational factors, access to
information - Influence of economic factors, public policy
9Human Nutrition and ObesityProgram Changes for
FY 2005
- Added research objective for epidemiologic
studies (as noted on previous slide) - Increased maximum award size for integrated
projects from 1M total to - 1.5 M total
10Human Nutrition and Obesity
- of Proposals Submitted -- 88
- of Proposals Awarded anticipate 13 awards,
plus 2 Bridge Grants - Success 15 (excluding Bridge Grants)
- Average Award Size - 734,000 (excluding Bridge
Grants) - Average Award Duration (years) 3.7years
(excluding Bridge Grants)
11Highlight 1 Fleming, Randomized Controlled
Community Intervention to Reduce the Risk of Type
2 Diabetes in Overweight African American Children
Objective As stated in title
Graphic
- Approach
- Intervention among 9-10 yo children, Oakland, CA
2 wk summer camp, 2 yrs of weekly unstructured
and monthly reinforcement sessions - Healthy eating, physical activity, self-esteem
and self-efficacy - Measure responses at 3 months, and 1 and 2 years
post-intervention
Impact Funding began in April 2004 If successful,
serves as model where health, not weight is the
focus of the intervention
12Highlight 2 Tanumihardjo, Promotion of High
Vegetable Consumption as a Weight-Loss Strategy
and General Well-Being
Objective Conduct clinical trial with vegetable
consumption as an intervention Promote
consumption of vegetables at state (WI) and local
levels
Graphic
- Approach
- Wt. loss intervention in 2 groups of obese
adults diet rich in vegetables (8 svgs/day) vs.
500 kcal reduction, low fat diet - Use serum carotenoids as biomarkers to measure
compliance - Develop lesson plans, educational materials,
recipes for outreach via CES
Impact Project began in April, 2004 If
successful, serve as model for interventions that
require little training and medical supervision
13Epidemiologic Approaches for Food
SafetyNational Program Leader Mary Torrence,
mtorrence_at_csrees.usda.gov
- Goals- Enhance epidemiologic methods improve the
understanding of epidemiology, ecology and risk
factors of food-borne disease provide specific
intervention/control strategies to develop
outcome measurements address emerging issues in
food safety and public health - Objectives-
- Identification or evaluation of risk factors
- Quantifying effect on food-borne disease from
interventions, management strategies, prevention
or control programs - Development of quantitative outcome measures
14 Epidemiologic Approaches for Food Safety
- In 2004, the maximum award went from 1.5 million
to 1.0 million - Approx. 4 million total support
- Will be similar to previous years
- More focus on intervention, control programs and
impact - Less focus on prevalence studies
15Epidemiologic Approaches for Food Safety
- 30 Proposals Submitted
- 3 Proposals Awarded
- 10 Success
- Range 578,000- 1,465,000
- Average Award Duration (3 years)
16Highlight 1D. Smith, A novel Strategy to Detect
E.coli in feedlot cattle
Objective To develop a novel strategy to
determine prevalence of foodborne organism in
feedlots. Identify risk factors for increased
prevalence of E.coli O157H7. Case control study
in a large feedlot Impact Patent pending-
Developed a single efficient method of sampling
feedlot cattle for foodborne pathogens. Less
burdensome, less stress for the animals and
specific and sensitive. Other investigators using
it. (9 research papers, 3 book chapters, 10
publications 2 post docs, 4 graduate students)
17Highlight 2 T. Besser, Risk Factors for E.coli
in Feedlot Cattle
- Objective Determine risk factors for E.coli
prevalence in feedlot cattle and evaluate
potential intervention strategies - Impact Determined that chlorination alone will
not decrease the prevalence of E.coli in the
feedlot. The shape of water sources are most
important. This is a significant finding and is
being used as guidance by FSIS.