Technical Product Specification (TPS)

1
International organization for standardization Org
anisation Internationale de Normalisation
Internationale Normenorganisation

 
ISO/TC 213/WG 17
 
Facilitation of GPS implementation
 
Convenor E-mail
Mr. Kim Spence kim.spence_at_jcb.com
 
 
Secretary E-mail
Mr. Brian Such Brian.such_at_bsi-global.com
 
This header slide not intended for display
2
Technical Product Specification

• A real solution
• to
• real industry needs.

3
Welcome

• Presentation sponsored by
• ISO/TC 213 Geometrical product specification

Developed by ISO/ TC 213/ WG 17
Facilitation of a global TPS system
4
Programme

• In 4 modules

1. The ISO Technical Committees and their roles.
2. The case for International Standardization
3. What is GPS and why the model standard ?
4. The way forward

5
Module 1The ISO Technical Committeesand their
roles.
6
Introduction

• This presentation seeks to promote awareness
• of the second generation, GPS language
• currently being developed by
• ISO/ TC 213
• Geometric product specifications
•   

7
Introduction (continued)

•   Coordination between
• ISO/TC 213 and other ISO committees working in
  related areas, is essential.
• TC 1, TC 4
• TC 10, TC 10/SC 1, TC 10/SC 6
• TC 69,
• TC 176, TC 176/SC 2, TC 176/SC 3
• TC 184, TC 184/SC 4
• particular relationship with
• ISO/TC 10 Technical product documentation

8
ISO/TC 10

• All aspects of technical product documentation
• Coordinated and mutually consistent terminology
• Timely standards introduction to meet the needs
  of new systems eg 3D CAD software development

9
ISO/TC 213

•  

• Tool box - Coordinated system facilitating the
  economic management of variability in products
  and processes
• Reduce costs
• Effective communication
• (designer
  manufacturer inspector)
• Improve "time to market" performance
• Enhance product quality
• Optimum allocation of resources

10
The elements of an Engineering Drawing
11
Introduction (summary)

• TPD GPS
• TPS

12
Synergy

• Mechanical Engineering
• worldwide, needs the joint output
• of these standards committees
• more than ever.

13
Module 2The case for International
standardization.
14
The case for International Standardization

• World industry/ business scenario -increasing
  tendency to apply
• out-sourcing/sub-contracting
• global manufacturing resource
• advanced manufacturing techniques
• advanced metrology techniques

15
With what objective?

• To provide components of increasing complexity at
  a commercially viable cost in an environment that
  demands ever improved time to market.

16
Internal technical needs

1. universal language
2. precise specification

Provided in a manner that improves access and
application
17
Give us the tools...

• Technical Experts
• in relevant ISO Standards Committees
• have been busy providing the tools

18
... and well finish the job!

• ISO/TC 213/WG 17 experts have also been
  developing a tool-box (model standard) to
  facilitate take-up of the standards, simplify
  identification of the appropriate tool

19
Application levels

• Recent enquiry has shown that,
• worldwide, the level of application is
• only a fraction of what it should be

20
Drivers

• Increasing use of outsourcing
• Increasing use of automated production
• Growing reliance on analysis of the virtual
  product
• Ongoing need for manufacturing cost reduction
• Increasing expectation of shorter time to market
• Modern metrology makes targeted specification
  possible

21
Drivers!

• Major market players
• (e.g. National Defence Authorities)
• in many parts of the world
• are seeking
• to enhance specification effectiveness

22
Application requires investment and planning

• For training and retraining
• For implementation
• For system change

To varying degrees dependent upon starting level
23
But why make such an investment?
The financial case
24
The arguments

• Potential to reduce scrap and rework costs
• Potential to reduce time delays - caused by poor
  communication
• Potential to reduce quality incidents
• risk of disputes with and to lose customers
• reduce liability costs

25
Huge application potential

• Global expenditure
• on mechanical engineering activity
• 2003 survey result
• 14 trillion
• ( including 25 billion
• devoted to measurement activities )

26
Investment opportunity

• Global manufacturing sector expected to be
  stable for at least the next ten years

27
Global problem

• Specification inadequacy is the Achilles heel for
  many of todays technologically advanced
  companies.
• Tighter tolerances can often prove phenomenally
  expensive to apply

28
Global solution
Newly developed functional tolerancing (GPS), has
the potential to reduce tooling, set-up and
manufacturing costs significantly and will
deliver improved time to market through
appropriate application of a comprehensive
technical product specification system
29
Module 3What is GPS and why the Model Standard?
30
An integrated system for product specification
founded on the principles and practices of
dimensioning and tolerancing on a geometrical
basis.
A real solutiontoreal industry needs
31
and Geometrical Product Specification?

• Born out of the need to improve communication
  between
• designers
• manufacturers
• metrologists
• by means of a common language with common
  understanding

Developed through participation by a significant
number of the worlds industrial nations, under
the headline of ISO/TC 213
32
Basic (GPS) Framework
33
Permits targeted application

• Addresses everything from basic drawing rules and
  formats to improved surface definition techniques
• Use of any particular cross referenced standard,
  applicable where relevant to the content of the
  TPS

34
So how can the implementation ofthe model
standard (toolbox)assist in improving the
situation?
35
The objective for the Model Standard for TPS
(toolbox)

• To encourage and facilitate the
• implementation of the entire suite of TPS
  standards by National Standards Bodies.
• integration of the TPS standards into industry.

36
The model standard

• Provides a Comprehensive catalogue and route map
  to ISO standards in TPS field.
• Reflects the relevant aspects of the design
  definition process
• Links the related standards to process stages
• Identifies
• Normative elements
• Informative elements

37
The model standard (continued)

• Provides
• cross reference to 100 ISO standards
• traceability between relevant ISO standards from
  main text and/or standard number
• a unified system requiring complete application
  across industry
• a format that facilitates electronic presentation
  by National Standards Bodies either in CD ROM or
  On-Line (with relevant standards hyperlinked from
  main text)

38
The model standard (continued)

• Provides comprehensive, dynamic coverage
• applicable to all presentation formats
• e.g.
  2D and 3D
• focus on application of dimensioning and
  tolerancing of Size, Geometry and Surface Texture
• also includes suggestion for document security
  and electronic document management
• Clarifies the GPS principles

39
The Fundamental Principles

• Underpinning
• TPS
• ISO 17450

40
The fundamental principles

• The operator principle
• An operator defines a characteristic based upon
  operations.
• Specification operators are formulated as virtual
  measuring procedures.
• Verification operators define the sequence of
  operations used during the measuring process.

41
The fundamental principles (continued)
The duality principle
42
The fundamental principles (continued)

• The default principle
• A complete specification operator can be
  indicated by the most concise indication for the
  relevant geometrical characteristic. This basic
  geometrical specification constitutes the default
  definition of the specification operator which
  may not be visible in the TPD (see TS 17450 - 2).

43
The fundamental principles (continued)

• The reference condition principle
• If not otherwise indicated in the TPD, the
  reference temperature for the characteristics
  given in that TPD is 20o C (see ISO 1).

44
The fundamental principles (continued)

• The uncertainty principle
• Within this TPS system, three prime categories of
  uncertainty are defined (TS 17450-2)
• Correlation uncertainty
• (attributed to the
  designer)
• Specification uncertainty
• (attributed to the
  designer)
• Measurement uncertainty
• (attributed to the
  metrologist)

45
The fundamental principles (continued)

• Where no prior agreement as to the application
  of uncertainty exists, between two (or more)
  parties
• where conformance with a specification is to be
  proven, measurement uncertainty (U) reduces the
  specification to the conformance zone at both
  tolerance limits and shall always be applied in
  the interest of the customer purchasing the part.
• where non-conformance with a specification is to
  be proven, measurement uncertainty (U) expands
  the tolerance at both tolerance limits.
  Uncertainty of measurement shall always be
  applied in the interest of manufacturer/ seller
  of the part.

46
If you want the benefitsmake the investment

• Purchase the standard
• Invest in the training
• Apply the system

Reap the rewards
47
Module 4The way forward
48
It is obvious that possession of the standards is
not enough

• To get the most out of the implemented model
  standard, it is necessary that it be applied. To
  do this companies will need
• A corporate training programme to assist
  practical application
• Personal training focussed on company products
  and existing specification problems
• Some form of mentoring to ensure application
  remains to the requirements of the standard

49
How could this be achieved?

• Investigate national/company needs in this area,
  in the light of the points made in this
  presentation.
• Encourage NSB and industry representative groups
  to adopt GPS/TPD concepts through the development
  of a National Standard based on ISO TRXXXX.
• Implement programme of national/company adoption.
• Promote and encourage national participation in
  the ongoing programmes of work in ISO/TC 10 and
  TC 213.

50
Stimulate National Discussion
51
Establish

• The current level of awareness of the Technical
  Specification problems actually being experienced
  in industry, at the present time.
• Level of industry recognition of the benefits
  that could accrue from the development /
  implementation of a national applications
  standard, embodying the 100 ISO standards.
• Understanding of the advantages that could result
  from (virtually) simultaneous implementation by
  the widest possible cross-section of standards
  bodies around the world.

52
Review education / training requirements

• Adequate training resource not readily available
  need to plan and source
• Consider the risk of doing nothing
• Recognise that this will not be a quick-fix
• Necessary to work towards the medium term
• therefore
• Essential to start an introduction process
  immediately

53
Will industry support an implementation scheme?

• There is reason to believe that Industry/
  business is becoming aware that it has a problem
  in this area, even if it doesnt fully recognise
  the nature of the problem
• There is an increase in the number of companies
  seeking training , especially in the TPS area
• Where such schemes have been introduced, there is
  evidence of rapid growth in participation

54
Beyond training recognition of TPS competence

• Many companies claim to work to standards, but
  are rarely challenged to substantiate the claim.
• The concept of an accreditation / certification
  programme could be appropriate in the long term.

55
Closing Point
56
Standards adoption
Implementing of the model standard as National
Standards by National Standards Bodies and their
full adoption by industry world wide will
facilitate the sharing of a uniform understanding
of the design intent of products, between
specifiers and verifiers (component suppliers,
sub-contractors and customers) around the world.
57
Thank you for your attention
58
Note Not intended as part of the
presentation. It is recommended that for
audiences constituted primarily of technically
oriented individuals (practising designers,
engineers, metrologists), additional modules
presenting information about the detailed
technical aspects of the current TPS
standardization programme, should be
added. Information providing example of
appropriate content for such modules can be
obtained on request to ISO/TC 213.