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Sanitation in the Food Industry

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Title: Sanitation in the Food Industry


1
Sanitation in the Food Industry
  • Inspection Standards for the Food Industry

2
History of Food Laws
  • 1784 Massachusetts enacted the first general
    food law in the US.
  • 1850 California passed a Pure Food and Drink
    Law.
  • 1883 Dr. Harvey Wiley became chief chemist of
    the Bureau of Chemistry, USDA, and assigned staff
    to problems of food adulteration.

3
  • 1906 President Theodore Roosevelt passed the
    original Pure Food and Drug Act.
  • 1906 discoveries of unsanitary conditions in
    meat packing plants stimulated the passing of the
    Meat Inspection Act.
  • 1913 an amendment to the Meat Inspection Act
    was enacted requiring quantity information to
    appear on food packages.

4
  • 1927 FDA (Food and Drug Administration) was
    established by the Federal government.
  • 1938 Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act was
    passed, completely revising the 1906 Pure Food
    and Drug Act.
  • 1943 Supreme Court rules that corporate
    officials as well as the corporation itself are
    subject to prosecution for violations of Federal
    Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act.

5
  • 1954 The Pesticide Amendment was enacted,
    setting safe limits for pesticide residues on raw
    ag products.
  • 1958 Food Additives Amendment was enacted
    prohibiting use of new food additives until
    established as safe by the FDA.
  • 1960 Color Additives Amendment allowed the FDA
    to establish regulations for the safe use of
    coloring in foods.
  • 1966 Fair Packaging and Labeling Act passed.

6
  • 1969 FDA began a self-certification program now
    called the Cooperative Quality Assurance
    Program.
  • 1973 FDA published regulations on nutrition
    labeling of food products, also completed
    standards of quality for certain foods by setting
    microbiological limits as part of the standards.
  • 1980 Department of Health, Education and
    Welfare became the Department of Health and Human
    Services.

7
Food Regulatory Agencies
  • Regulation of the food industry involves
    inspection from several of the following
    agencies
  • FDA (Food and Drug Administration)
  • EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)
  • State/Local Health Agencies
  • Department of Defense
  • USDA (United States Department of Ag)
  • OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Act)

8
The Food and Drug Administration(FDA)
  • Manages the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, the Good
    Manufacturing Practices (GMP), and the Defect
    Action Levels.
  • The Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act regulates the
    adulteration of foods and unsanitary conditions
    in processing plants. This act also fives FDA
    inspectors authority to enter and inspect any
    food establishment where food is processed,
    packaged, or held for shipment.

9
FDA (cont.)
  • Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) deals with
    sanitation in manufacturing, processing, packing,
    and holding food. It establishes basic rules for
    food establishment sanitation. It requires
    minimum demands on sanitary facilities for water,
    plumbing design, sewage disposal, toilet
    facilities, hand-washing facilities and supplies,
    and solid waste disposal.

10
FDA (cont.)
  • Defect Action Levels deal with rodent droppings
    and insect parts in specific raw materials. Some
    foods, even when produced under GMPs, contain
    nonhazardous natural or unavoidable defects at
    lower levels. The FDA establishes maximum levels
    for these defects in foods.

11
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12
Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)
  • Involves environmental regulations affecting food
    sanitation.
  • The Federal Water Pollution Control Act
    requires the obtaining of permit which
    establishes specific limitations on the discharge
    of pollutants into navigable waters.
  • The Clean Air Act reduces air pollution by
    setting pollution standards.

13
EPA (cont.)
  • The FIFRA (Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and
    Rodenticide Act) covers the use of insecticides,
    rodenticides, and sanitizing solutions used by
    everyone, not merely food processors.

14
US Department of Agriculture(USDA)
  • USDA laws apply to food processors offering
    products containing meat, poultry, and eggs.
  • Inspectors have authority over processing plants.

15
The Department of Defense
  • Sets standards for those food processors who
    produce products for military installations
    including commissaries.
  • Processors get inspected by The Department of
    Defense every six months.
  • Military standards are very similar to GMPs but
    include certain specifics.

16
State/Local Governments
  • Usually have specific laws regarding food
    processing, storage, and sale.
  • These laws go hand and hand with the Food, Drug,
    and Cosmetic Act and the GMPs.

17
Occupational Safety and Health Act(OSHA)
  • Provides a safe environment for the employee.
  • Inspectors have the freedom to enter the
    establishment anytime during business hours to
    evaluate the safety standards of the plant.

18
Inspection Standards Assignment
  • Research one of the food regulatory agencies on
    the internet.
  • Write a one page paper over the information you
    have found.
  • Explain the history of the agency, its purpose,
    and give examples of it influence in the food
    industry.
  • Websites should be included.
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