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A Customized Individual and Organizational Wellness Assessment

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Title: A Customized Individual and Organizational Wellness Assessment


1
A Customized Individual and Organizational
Wellness Assessment Reed Engel, MA, FAWHP Tessa
Kieffer, MS, CHES Mather LifeWays Institute on
Aging Evanston, Illinois Research funded by
Mather LifeWays
  • Conclusions
  • Satisfaction and Dimensional
  • Well-being
  • The results of this study suggest that
    satisfaction with a particular dimension of
    wellness is correlated strongly with feelings of
    well-being in that particular dimension.
  • Participants who demonstrated high activity
    levels within particular dimensions of wellness
    were likely to rate both their well-being within
    and satisfaction with that particular domain
    high.
  • Furthermore, these findings indicate that
    satisfaction with a particular dimension of
    wellness has a positive relationship to overall
    life satisfaction.
  • In this study, emotional and social well-being
    had a stronger relationship with overall life
    satisfaction than the other dimensions of
    wellness.
  • Interestingly, while many participants rated
    their well-being and their satisfaction across
    most dimensions as good or excellent, they
    continued to express a desire for some level of
    help and support. One possible explanation for
    this might be that participants who are most
    interested in wellness view it as a process to be
    maintained rather than a short-term goal.
  • Limitations and Future Directions
  • The older adults in this study self-selected to
    participate and responded with self-reported
    data. Its likely that this was a motivated,
    confident, and engaged sample which desires to
    pursue opportunities for personal growth. Future
    research could determine if these results can be
    generalized to a wider sample of older adults at
    varying levels of health, self-efficacy, and
    motivation to improve their level of well-being.

Introduction The purpose of this research
project was to develop and pilot test a new
Health and Wellness Assessment tool designed
specifically for older adults. The survey
examines well-being in the six dimensions
physical, emotional, social, intellectual,
spiritual, and professional/ vocational. The
survey also measures readiness to change,
self-efficacy, life satisfaction, and use of
resources for improving wellness. This unique
approach provides targeted and tailored
individual as well as organizational reports and
feedback for goal setting and program planning.
Results Participant Characteristics A total of
259 older adults participated in this survey.
Characteristics Gender 75 female Marital
status 36 married, 34 widowed, 20 divorced
or separated, and 11 never married
Race/Ethnicity 66 Caucasian, 27 Black/African
American, and 7 Hispanic/Latino, Asian, Native
American or other Education 52 had a
bachelors level or higher degree Living
arrangements 53 lived alone, 34 with a spouse,
and 13 with family members or friends 38 lived
in a senior living community.
  • Method
  • Materials
  • The tool was developed and pilot-tested over a
    15-month period, including focus groups conducted
    in senior living and community-based settings. A
    total of 100 items measured the following
    constructs in each of the six dimensions
    wellness activities, readiness to change,
    self-efficacy, social support and satisfaction,
    and life impact.
  • Variables
  • Dimensional well-being, dimensional
    satisfaction, and overall satisfaction with life
    were measured by single items on a 5-point scale
    from 1 (very poor) to 5 (excellent).
  • The wellness activity scales consisted of 4-5
    items that measured activity frequency by
    dimension on a 5-point scale from 1 (never) to 5
    (always).
  • The impact each dimension has on satisfaction
    with life was measured on a 5-point scale from 1
    (very negative) to 5 (very positive).
  • Desire for help and support was measured on a
    4-point scale from 1 (none) to 4 (a lot).
  • Data Collection
  • Approximately 1,225 surveys were distributed
    across seven Mather LifeWays locations (three
    Senior Living Residences and four Community
    Cafes). A total of 259 (21) completed surveys
    were returned. Recruiting efforts included
    on-site informational booths and presentations, a
    postcard mailing to Café customers, promotional
    flyers, and staff assistance from each location.
    All participants received a customized Personal
    Wellness Report and Guide, which outlined
    wellness strengths and opportunities for personal
    growth. In addition, an aggregate organizational
    report is being compiled for each pilot test site
    to provide program planners with insight for
    modification or future direction.
  • Correlations
  • All reported correlations were significant at the
    0.01 level.
  • Dimensional ratings of well-being were
    significantly correlated with overall
    satisfaction with life (r .26 - .54). The
    highest correlations with overall satisfaction
    with life were in the emotional (r .54) and
    social (r .52) domains.
  • Strong positive correlations were found between
    dimensional ratings of well-being and dimensional
    ratings of satisfaction (Spiritual (r .88),
    Professional/vocational (r .85), Emotional (r
    .84), Social (r .83), and Intellectual (r
    .73)). Only a moderate correlation (r .68) was
    found between rating of overall physical
    well-being and satisfaction with physical
    well-being.
  • Moderate correlations were found between
    satisfaction ratings by dimension and the impact
    each dimension has on satisfaction with life
    (Professional/vocational (r .53), Emotional (r
    .50), Social (r .48), Physical (r .47),
    Spiritual (r .43), Intellectual (r .41)).
  • Moderate correlations were found between four of
    the six wellness activity scales and the ratings
    of dimensional well-being (Spiritual (r .65),
    Emotional (r .62), Social (r .59),
    Professional/vocational (r .41)).
  • Moderate correlations were found between
    wellness activity scales and satisfaction ratings
    in the Emotional (r .59), Spiritual (r .58),
  • Social (r .55) dimensions.
  • The desire for help and support to improve
    physical and emotional well-being were moderately
    correlated (r .44, .40 respectively) with
    overall satisfaction with life.
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