Naval Expeditionary Warfare

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• Naval Expeditionary Warfare
• Amphibious Warfare
• Operational Maneuver From the Sea

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Naval Expeditionary Warfare

• Definition
• Military operations mounted from the sea, usually
  on short notice, consisting of forward deployed,
  or rapidly deployable, self sustaining naval
  forces tailored to achieve a clearly stated
  objective.

Equally as Vital to the Navy as it is to the
Marine Corps !
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Joint Vision 2010

• CNO ADM Johnson, March 1997
• Expeditionary operations achieve U.S. objectives
  across the spectrum of the National Military
  Strategy . . . Our attention and efforts will
  continue to be focused on operating in and from
  the littorals . . . 75 percent of the Earths
  population . . . national capitals and major
  commerical centers lie in the littorals. . . We
  are on-scene and ready for peacetime engagement,
  deterrence and conflict prevention . . .

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Expeditionary Warfare Philosophy

• Power Projection/Forward Presence
• Globally deployed
• Quick response
• Tailored to the mission
• Self-sustaining
• Anywhere - including well inland (not just
  littoral)
• Three dimensional - Sea, Air, and Land
  capabilities

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Naval Expeditionary Forces Range of Response
Presence Bilateral Exercises / Port Visits
Nation Assistance Disaster Relief
Humanitarian Assistance
Surveillance Counter
Narcotics
Maritime interdiction
Likelihood
Regional Crises
Show of Force Punitive Strike Armed
Intervention Regional Conventional
Conflict Regional Chemical
War Global War
Strategic Nuclear War
Intensity
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Amphibious Ready Group

• What Assets make up an ARG?
• How many Marines are deployed from an ARG? How
  are they organized?
• Where are our ARGs currently deployed?

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12 AUGUST 99
TARAWA (LHA) TRANSIT
GEORGE WASHINGTON (CVN) TRANSIT
BELLEAU WOOD (LHA) OPS
BATAAN (LHD) SAIPAN (LHA) OPS
THEODORE ROOSEVELT (CVN) OPS
PELELIU (LHA) TRANSIT
KEARSARGE (LHD) TRANSIT
KITTY HAWK (CV) VST PHATTAYA
WASP (LHD) OPS
JOHN C STENNIS (CVN) OPS
HALYBURTON (FFG) MIO
CONSTELLATION (CV) VST SINGAPORE
BONHOMME RICHARD (LHA) OPS
USPACOM 3RD FLT 37 SHIPS
USACOM 2ND FLT 40 SHIPS
USTRATCOM 7 SSBNS DEPLOYED
USSOUTHCOM 7 SHIPS
USEUCOM 6TH FLT 20 SHIPS
USPACOM 7TH FLT 50 SHIPS
USCENTCOM 5TH FLT 13 SHIPS
322 SHIPS ACTIVE DUTY END STRENGTH
368,527 RESERVE END STRENGTH 91,453
UNDERWAY 177 (55) 5 CVs, 8 LHAs / LHDs /
MCS DEPLOYED 104 (32) 3 CVBGs, 2 ARGs
TOTAL PERSONNEL 50, 447 12 EXERCISES /
OPERATIONS ONGOING PORT VISITS TO 10 COUNTRIES
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Principles of OMFTS

• Focuses on an operational objective
• Ship to Objective vice Ship to Shore
• Uses the sea as maneuver space
• Generates overwhelming tempo and momentum
• Emphasizes- Intel- deception-flexibility
• Integrates all organic -joint - combined assets

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Amphibious Warfare -Past
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WW II / Korean War
Amphibious assault ship to shore movement limited
to small, slow, unprotected conventional
craft. Less than 25 of the Worlds beaches are
suitable for conventional small craft landing.
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Current Operations
LCACs and Helicopters provide access to most of
the Worlds beaches.
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Vulnerability to Battle Space Dominance
Complete control of sea, land, and air space is
crucial to mission success of the ATF. Enemy
airfields, shore based cruise missiles sites, and
long range artillery must be neutralized by
pre-assault strikes and bombardment. The
presence of mines and defensive missiles may
require alternate landing area if not
neutralized. Full OTH Amphibious Assault is not
yet an option. It will be an option when MV-22
and AAAV come on line.
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Mine Warfare
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Expeditionary Mine WarfareCONCEPT OF OPERATIONS

• ENABLE EXPEDITIONARY OPERATIONS
• KEY ISSUES - CHANGE REQUIRED!
• RESPONSE TIME
• INTEGRATION WITH NAVAL FORCE OPS
• THREAT SPECTRUM
• Blue water (lt200ft)
• Shallow Water (200-40ft)
• Very Shallow Water/ Surf Zone (40-0ft)
• Craft Landing Zone

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Mine Threats vs. Current Capabilities
Deep (gt200)
Very Shallow (40 to 10)
Surf Zone (10 to HWM)
Craft Landing Zone (Beach)
Shallow (200 to 40)
Floating Rising Moored Some bottom
Capability Green Sufficient Yellow
Some
Bottom Rising Moored
Bottom Moored Some buried
Anti-invasion Mines Bottom Moored Some buried
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Dedicated MCM Forces

• Airborne Mine CounterMeasures (MH 53s)
• 2 squadrons of 12 aircraft (16 ready deployable)
• Surface MCM ships (MCM-1s and MHC 51s)
• Forward deployment plan
• MCS 12 (USS INCHON)
• Reserve integration
• EOD, marine mammals, SEALs

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NSFS and OMFTS

• First substitutes for, then complements, organic
  artillery during operational maneuver from the
  sea (OMFTS)
• Provides increased range, accuracy and lethality
  required to support both OMFTS and the joint land
  battle
• Initiatives
• Improve existing 5" guns and develop PGM
  projectiles
• Leverage C4I improvements (Reconnaissance,
  Surveillance, Target Acquisition (RSTA))
• NSFS Missile down select ATACMS, SLAM, SM-1
• DDG 81 First install for ERGM - 5 inch 62

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(No Transcript)
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NSFS Weapons Mix
TACAIR
LAND ATTACK STANDARD MISSILE
TACTICAL TOMAHAWK
EXTENDED RANGE NAVAL GUNFIRE
DIRECT FIRE
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Split TACC Procedures

• Basic concept
• Embarking a portion of TACC in a CG/DDG assigned
  to provide Air Defense for ATF
• Collocation of airspace management and air
  defense functions improves coordination of
• supporting arms
• amphibious air operations
• friendly aircraft transiting airspace allocated
  to amphibious mission (p.k.a. AOA)
• Designed to prevent fratricide

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THE FUTURE
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LPD 17

• 720 TROOPS
• LIFT
• 25,000 FT2 VEHICLES
• 36,000 FT 3 CARGO
• 6 CH-46 2 MV-22, 2 CH-53 SPOTS
• 2 LCACs
• MEDICAL
• 124 BEDS
• 2 OPERATING ROOMS

Lead ship, USS San Antonio (LPD-17) delivery is
scheduled for 2002
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LPD 17...a comparison
LPD 4 CLASS
LKA 113 CLASS
LSD 36 CLASS
LST 1179 CLASS
AVG. AGE NOW 26 YRS
RETIREMENT AGE 25 YRS
AVG. AGE NOW 27 YRS
AVG. AGE NOW 30 YRS
5 DAY ROS
180 DAY ROS
180 DAY ROS
LPD 17 CLASS
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M V 2 2
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MV-22 vs CH-46
250 KTS SPEED 120 KTS 2100 NM RANGE 180 NM 5
TONS LIFT 2 TONS 20-24 TROOPS 15-20 YES S
ELF DEPLOY NO YES NBC RESIST
NO YES AERIAL REFUEL NO
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AAAV
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AAAV
(ADVANCED AMPHIBIOUS ASSAULT VEHICLE) - 25 KTS
WATERBORNE/45 KTS LAND - 2750 SHP/35 T
DISPLACEMENT - HYDROFOIL/PLANING HULL -
25MM BUSHMASTER CANNON - CARRY 18 COMBAT
MARINES - KEEP PACE WITH M1A1
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ROLLING AIRFRAME MISSILE
- COMPLEMENTARY ASMD - PASSIVE RF (I OR J)/IR
SEEKER - Range 3 - 5 NM - USES INSTALLED MK 23
TAS/SLQ 32/CIWS - NO ILLUM RQD FIRE AND
FORGET - LHA/LHD AN/SWY-2 - OPERATIONAL ON
USS ASHLAND (LSD 48) - USS KEARSAGE
(LHD 3)
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Challenges for the Next Century

• Chaos in the littorals
• stateless war / stateless warrior
• nationalism
• religious intolerance
• ethnic hatred

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Challenges for the Next Century

• Adversary Mindset
• Regional expansionism vice global peer
• Make U.S. quit the fight
• Embarrass the U.S through small
  victories/casualties
• Stall or extend U.S. troop deployment

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Challenges for the Next Century
Likely Threat

• Probable Adversary Investments
• Mines
• Existing anti-surface and anti-air weapons
• Tactical Ballistic Missiles
• Weapons of Mass Destruction
• Information Warfare