The United States Civil War

1
The United States Civil War

• By Rick Redinger
• ED 417

2
Why we fought

• North Manufacture based
• South Agriculture based
• North had abundance of workers
• South needed slave labor

3
Why we fought (contd)

• North wanted western expansion not to include
  slavery
• South wanted western expansion to include slavery

4
Why expansion was an issue

• As the U.S. expanded westward, new states added
  Senate and Congress representation to an already
  close North/South split
• The addition of all non-slave or all slave states
  would tip the balance
• Neither the North or the South wanted to lose
  influence in the Federal Government

5
A Nation Divided

• Tensions were high and the country was clearly
  becoming divided between the North and the South
• The situation would soon explode

6
The Civil War Begins

• April 12, 1861, 430 am. General Pierre
  Beauregard leads a Confederate group with fifty
  cannons that opens fire on Fort Sumpter, South
  Carolina.
• The only war fought on American soil by Americans
  had begun

7
THE UNION 1861

• Abraham Lincoln is President
• The Capitol is in Washington DC
• Consists of states north of approx. 39 latitude

8
THE CONFEDERACY 1861

• Jefferson Davis is named President
• Richmond, Virginia becomes the Capitol City
• Consists of 11 states south of approximately 39
  latitude

9
The United States Civil War

• Over three million people fought against their
  own countrymen
• Over 600,000 persons died

10
Bull Run

• July 1861 Union troops are repelled at Bull Run,
  25 miles south of Washington, DC
• Confederate General Thomas J. Jackson acquires
  the nickname Stonewall

11
A future President is made

• February 1862 General Ulysses S. Grant captures
  two Tennessee forts in a ten day span, earning
  the nickname Unconditional Surrender Grant
• Soon after the war he would become President of
  the United States of America

12
Naval History is made 1862

• Confederate ironclad Merrimac sinks two wooden
  Union ships then battles ironclad Monitor to a
  draw
• Naval warfare is forever changed, making wooden
  ships obsolete

13
Damn the torpedoes

• April 1862 Flag Officer David Garragut takes New
  Orleans, the Souths largest seaport
• Sailing through a rebel minefield he utters Damn
  the torpedoes, full speed ahead.

14
The Bloodiest Day in History

• September 17, 1862 General Robert E. Lees
  Confederate troops are stopped at Antietam,
  Maryland
• By nightfall over 26,000 men are dead, wounded,
  or missing
• The was the bloodiest single day of this, or any,
  war in United States history

15
Emancipation Proclamation

• January 1, 1863 Union President Abraham Lincoln
  issues the Emancipation Proclamation, declaring
  all slaves in the Confederate states free and
  emphasizing their enlistment in the Union army
• The war becomes a revolutionary struggle to
  abolish slavery

16
South loses a leader

• May 10 the Confederates suffer a huge blow when
  Stonewall Jackson dies 6 days after suffering
  injuries at the battle of Chancellorville,
  Virginia
• The fatal wounds were accidentally inflicted by
  his own troops

17
Battle of Gettysburg

• The tide of the war turns for the North as the
  South suffers a defeat at Gettysburg
• This was the northernmost battle of the war

18
Lincoln meets Douglas

• August 10 President Lincoln meets with
  abolitionist Frederick Douglas who pushes for
  full equality for Union Negro troops

19
Cemetery Dedication

• November 19, 1863 President Lincoln delivers a
  two minute speech dedicating a Cemetery at
  Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
• This would forever be known at The Gettysburg
  Address

20
Grants march to Richmond

• May 1864 General Grant takes an army of 120,000
  Union troops toward Richmond to attack General
  Robert E. Lees troops, now numbering 64,000
• Major battles ensue at Wilderness and
  Spotsylvania, Virginia leading up to the battle
  at Cold Harbor

21
Grants error

• General Grant makes tactical error while
  attacking well fortified Cold Harbor resulting
  loss of 7000 troops in twenty minutes

22
Sherman takes Atlanta

• September 2, 1864 Union General Sherman captures
  Atlanta
• November 15 before his march to the sea he
  destroys Atlantas warehouses and railroad yards

23
March to the Sea

• December 21, 1864 General Sherman arrives at
  Savannah, Georgia leaving a 300 mile path of
  destruction over 60 miles wide in his wake
• Sherman offers President Lincoln Savannah as a
  Christmas present

24
The 13th Amendment

• January 31, 1865 Congress approves the 13th
  Amendment to the United States Constitution, to
  abolish slavery
• It is sent to the states for ratification

25
Richmond Abandoned

• April 2, 1865 Grant breaks through Lees troops
  at Petersburg, Virginia
• Confederates abandon Capital at Richmond

26
Confederate Surrender

• April 9, 1865 General Robert E. Lee surrenders
  his troops to General Grant at Appomattox Court
  House, Virginia

27
Lincoln Assassinated

• April 14, 1865 At 1013pm while watching the
  third act of the play Our American Cousin with
  his wife Mary, President Lincoln is shot and
  killed by John Wilkes Boothe

28
The War Ends

• May 1865 The remaining Confederate troops
  surrender reuniting a country after four years
  and 620,000 deaths