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1Emma Goldman, Anarchism and Feminism 2 From the Lyrical Left to the Old Left

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Title: 1Emma Goldman, Anarchism and Feminism 2 From the Lyrical Left to the Old Left


1
1)Emma Goldman, Anarchism and Feminism2) From
the Lyrical Left to the Old Left
  • History 351
  • Oct. 20, 2009

2
Discussion After Class Today?
  • We can stay on for about 20-30 minutes after
    class today for informal discussion about Emma
    Goldman. Its optional and I have no set agenda
    for the discussion.

3
Announcements
  • This is the due date for the Emma Goldman video
    review. Late papers will be accepted but
    penalized in the grading through next Tuesday
    class time. No papers will be accepted after
    that.
  • Study questions on the readings on radicalism in
    the Great Depression are now on line at
    http//www.uoregon.edu/dapope/351steinbeckkelley.
    htm
  • Paper topic options for the paper due the Tuesday
    before Thanksgiving (Nov. 24) are now online at
    http//www.uoregon.edu/dapope/351papertopics--fal
    l09.htm.
  • The midterm for Hist 351 is scheduled for Tues.,
    Nov. 3. Instructions and possible essay questions
    will be posted by the end of this week.

4
Accessing Robin Kelleys article online
  • For the readings on the Great Depression, Ive
    assigned an article by Robin Kelley, We Are Not
    What We Seem. If youre on campus, you should be
    able to get to it here.
  • If youre off campus (or have trouble with the
    on-campus link), use this link. Youll need to
    log in, using your duckID and password as if you
    were logging in to Blackboard. Then youll be
    taken to the article.

5
Some Websites of Interest
  • Images of the 1919-20 Red Scare
  • An on-line history of Greenwich Village, New
    Yorks artistic and intellectual neighborhood
    with a radical reputation.
  • www.infoshop.org, an enormous website on
    anarchism today, has an advice column, Dear Emma!
  • Sacco and Vanzetti memorial website
  • Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman wrote a brief
    article about the notorious Sacco and Vanzetti
    case of the 1920s.
  • Heres the Communist Party USAs website today
  • The Center for Steinbeck Studies at San Jose
    State University

6
Goldman on Political Violence
  • Goldman Compared with the wholesale violence of
    capital and government, political acts of
    violence are but a drop in the ocean.
  • Goldman says attentaters have a rare love of
    animals, surpassing sweetness in all the ordinary
    relations of life, exceptional sobriety of
    demeanor, frugality and regularity, austerityand
    courage beyond compare.
  • The man who flings his whole life into the
    attempt, at the cost of his own life, to protest
    against the wrongs of his fellow men, is a saint
    compared to the active and passive upholders of
    cruelty and injustice, even if his protest
    destroy other lives besides his own.

7
Goldman as Feminist?
  • Womens Nature
  • Women worship religion, war and the home, all of
    which exploit her.
  • Women are busybodies, have narrow and purist
    attitude, stemming from life-long economic
    parasitism.
  • Women's Suffrage
  • Voting as a Right?Universal suffrage as a
    fetish Woman, even more than man, is a fetish
    worshiper, and though her idols ay change, she is
    ever on her knees, ever holding up her hands,
    ever blind to the fact that her god has feet of
    clay.

8
Goldman on Love, Marriage and Sex
  • Marriage and love have nothing in common they
    are as far apart as the poles are, in fact,
    antagonistic to each other.
  • The prospective wife and mother is kept in
    complete ignorance of her only asset in the
    competitive field---sex. Thus she enters into
    life-long relations with a man only to find
    herself shocked, repelled, outraged beyond
    measure by the most natural and healthy instinct,
    sex. It is safe to say that a large percentage of
    the unhappiness, misery, distress, and physical
    suffering of matrimony is due to the criminal
    ignorance in sex matters that is being extolled
    as a great virtue.

9
Love, Marriage and Sex (continued)
  • The institution of marriage makes a parasite
    of woman, an absolute dependent. It incapacitates
    her for life's struggle, annihilates her social
    consciousness, paralyzes her imagination, and
    then imposes its gracious protection, which is in
    reality a snare, a travesty on human character.
  • Free love? As if love is anything but free! Man
    has bought brains, but all the millions in the
    world have failed to buy love.
  •  Some day, some day men and women will rise,
    they will reach the mountain peak, they will meet
    big and strong and free, ready to receive, to
    partake, and to bask in the golden rays of love
    If the world is ever to give birth to true
    companionship and oneness, not marriage, but love
    will be the parent.

10
Goldman and Cultural Change An End of American
Innocence
11
Emma Goldman and Anarchism Today
  • Two Images of Emma Goldman
  • As Uncompromising Revolutionary
  • As Earth Mother

12
The Great War, the Red Scare and American
Radicalism
  • Nationalism or socialism? American Socialists
    Oppose US Entry into the War, 1917
  • Repressive Legislation
  • Vigilante Violence

13
The Great War, the Red Scare and American
Radicalism
  • Eugene Debs Canton, Ohio Speech 1918
  • Socialist Party Repression and Division
  • Following the Soviet Model?
  • Birth of the Communist Party

14
Excerpts from Espionage and Sedition Acts
  • Espionage Act, 1917 A crime "to convey false
    reports or false statements with intent to
    interfere with the operation or success of the
    military or naval forces of the United
    States...or attempt to cause insubordination,
    disloyalty, mutiny or refusal of
    duty...or...willfully obstruct recruiting or
    enlistment...."Sedition Act, 1918 A crime to
    "utter, print, write or publish any disloyal,
    profane, scurrilous or abusive language about the
    form of government of the United States, or the
    Constitution..., or the uniform of the Army or
    Navy,... or any language intended to...encourage
    resistance to the United States...."(Another
    1918 act provided for banning any immigrant who
    was an anarchist or believed in the violent
    overthrow of the American government and for
    arresting and deporting any alien who fit those
    categories.)

15
The bomb-thrower is labeled European Anarchist
16
A nationwide steel strike in 1919, led by
radicals, led this cartoonist to equate labor
militance with Communism.
17
IWW Headquarters after Raid, 1919
18
Centralia, Wash. 1919
  • On Armistice Day, Nov. 11, 1919, veterans from
    the American Legion in Centralia attacked the
    local IWW union hall. Wobblies met them with
    gunfire. Four legionnaires were killed. That
    night, IWW member Wesley Everest was taken from
    his jail cell and lynched. On left Everest
    buried with National Guardsmen standing by. On
    right wanted poster.

19
Goldman and Berkman Deported
  • Deportation to Russia, 1919
  • My Disillusionment in Russia and My Further
    Disillusionment in Russia
  • Living My Life
  • Goldman and the Spanish Civil War

20
The 1920s A New Era of Normalcy
  • Prosperity despite inequality
  • Conservative political dominance
  • Republican Party control
  • Democratic Party provincialism
  • Decline of organized labor
  • An emerging consumer culture
  • Culture Wars of the 1920s

21
Exile, an Avant-Garde and Cultural Discontent in
the 1920s
  • For many intellectuals and artists, Paris was the
    destination of choice in the 1920s.
  • Cultural conflict in the 1920s and
    disillusionment with the idealistic rhetoric of
    the Great War led to cynicism about the
    possibilities of American politics. Political
    radicalism and cultural radicalism diverged in
    the twenties.
  • Below Ernest Hemingway and Sylvia Beach,
    American proprietor of the famous Shakespeare
    and Company bookstore in Paris

22
The 1920s Radicalism in Conservative Times
  • Socialist Party Division, 1919
  • Debs death, 1925
  • Norman Thomas as SP leader
  • Thomas ran for President as the Socialist Party
    candidate six times. He once said, I always get
    more applause than votes.

23
Communists in the 1920s
  • Origins of the Communist Party
  • Immigrant Base
  • Underground strategy and revolutionary dreams
  • American Communists and the Soviet Uniona
    Bolshevized party
  • Joseph Stalin and the Third Period analysis of
    capitalism

24
The Great Depression
  • Depth and Duration
  • Failure of Recovery Measures
  • Hoover
  • Roosevelt and the New Deal Bold persistent
    experimentation but continuing slump
  • Recession of 1937
  • World War II and the end of the Depression
  • From Roast Beef and Apple Pie to a third of a
    nation ill-housed, ill-clad, ill-nourished.
    (FDR, 2d inaugural address, 1937)

25
The Depression and the Contradictions of
Capitalism
  • Was Depression America on the brink of
    revolution?
  • Immiseration
  • So, in a declining state of society, we have the
    increasing misery of the worker in an advancing
    state, complicated misery and in the terminal
    state, static misery.Karl Marx, Economic and
    Philosophical Manuscripts, 1844
  • Concentration of Capital
  • As capitalism develops, Centralization of the
    means of production and socialization of labor at
    last reach a point where they become incompatible
    with their capitalist integument. Thus integument
    is burst asunder. The knell of capitalist private
    property sounds. The expropriators are
    expropriated.Capital, Volume I, chapter 32
  • Falling Rate of Profit
  • This law, and it is the most important law of
    political economy, is that the rate of profit has
    a tendency to fall with the progress of
    capitalist production. Marx, Economic
    Manuscripts of 1861-63

26
An Americanized Working Class?
  • Impact of 1924 immigration restriction
  • Workers, mass culture and ethnic communities
  • Working class benefits and working class rights

27
A 1938 advertisement. What does this suggest
about the fate of consumer culture even during
the Great Depression?
28
FDRs New Deal Reform to Save the System?
  • FDR as radical? FDR as conservative?
  • A Christian and a democrat
  • Saving the rich man, losing his top hat
  • When a reporter asked Norman Thomas if the
    Roosevelts New Deal had carried out the
    Socialist Party program, he replied that, yes,
    the New Deal had carried it out on a stretcher.
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