Learning to swim

1
Learning to swim

• Can you swim?
• Where did you learn?
• What kind of information do you expect to find in
  the passage?

2
80. Swimming should be made compulsory at school.
If it81. is lack of qualified teachers and
swimming facilities82. in schools, students
should have to take out courses83. are organised
by the Leisure and Cultural Services Department.

• (80) What is it?
• Answer this question with a complete sentence
  Are there many qualified teachers?
• Replace it with
• there

3
80. Swimming should be made compulsory at school.
If it81. is lack of qualified teachers and
swimming facilities82. in schools, students
should have to take out courses83. are organised
by the Leisure and Cultural Services Department.

• (81) Is lack a noun or verb in this sentence?
• When lack is a noun, it is usually used with an
  article in front of it and the preposition of
  after it. Ex. ___ lack of
• What article is missing?
• is a lack of ...

4
80. Swimming should be made compulsory at school.
If it81. is lack of qualified teachers and
swimming facilities82. in schools, students
should have to take out courses83. are organised
by the Leisure and Cultural Services Department.

• (82) You can order take-out food.
• You can take out your books before class.
• You cannot take out courses.
• What word should you delete?
• out
• You can also replace out with up, the or
  some.

5
80. Swimming should be made compulsory at school.
If it81. is lack of qualified teachers and
swimming facilities82. in schools, students
should have to take out courses83. are organised
by the Leisure and Cultural Services Department.

• What does line 83 give us extra information
  about?
• What word can be added to make it clear that this
  line is giving extra information about the
  courses?
• that/which are organised
• You can also delete are.

6
84. In order to become competent swimmers,
children can85. master the basics firstly. The
most important points to86. remember are the
followings

• (84) Is mastering the basics optional if someone
  wants to become a competent swimmer?
• Can gives the impression that people have the
  choice of mastering the basics or not.
• What word should you replace can with to make
  it clear that this is necessary.
• should/must

7
84. In order to become competent swimmers,
children can85. master the basics firstly. The
most important points to86. remember are the
followings

• (85) firstly is used to introduce the first in
  a series of reasons, ideas, etc.
• The idea here is that you must master the basics
  before you can become a competent swimmer.
• Replace firstly with
• first

8
84. In order to become competent swimmers,
children can85. master the basics firstly. The
most important points to86. remember are the
followings

• (86) What seems strange about the word
  followings?
• Replace followings with
• following

9
87. when practise a swimming stroke, learners
should try to 88. keep their wastes and thighs
close to the surface of the water,89. to
minimise drag and use less of energy

• Who is practising a swimming stroke?
• It would be awkward to use the word learners
  twice in the same sentence.
• What pronoun can you add to act as the subject of
  the verb practise?
• they
• You could also replace practise with
  practising.

10
87. when practise a swimming stroke, learners
should try to 88. keep their wastes and thighs
close to the surface of the water,89. to
minimise drag and use less of energy

• (88) Waste means rubbish?
• Do you think learners would be asked to keep
  their rubbish close to the surface of the water?
• Your thigh is the top part of your leg.
• What body part sounds like waste?
• What do you call the narrow part in the middle of
  the human body?
• Replace waste with waist.

11
87. when practise a swimming stroke, learners
should try to 88. keep their wastes and thighs
close to the surface of the water,89. to
minimise drag and use less of energy

• (89)Use can be a verb or a noun.
• If we use it as a verb
• to (minimise drag) and (use less of energy)
• delete of
• If we use it as a noun
• to minimise (drag) and (use less of energy)
• delete less

12
90. Learners should extend their hands and arms
far forward as possible91. and raise their
shoulders towards their ears the beginning of a
stroke92. in order to generate the greatest
forward force

• (90) One word is missing in a familiar structure.
• Ex. I will study ___ hard as possible.
• What word needs to be added before far?
• as

13
90. Learners should extend their hands and arms
far forward as possible91. and raise their
shoulders towards their ears the beginning of a
stroke92. in order to generate the greatest
forward force

• (91) Complete this sentence I didnt play well
  ___ the beginning of the game.
• What preposition is missing in front of the
  beginning?
• at
• during, for and in would also be acceptable.

14
90. Learners should extend their hands and arms
far forward as possible91. and raise their
shoulders towards their ears the beginning of a
stroke92. in order to generate the greatest
forward force

• (92) There are no errors.

15
93. it is very important learn how to breathe in
and out correctly94. while swimming, as this
extends the ability to cover long distance

• (93) Complete this sentence It is important ___
  do your homework carefully.
• What word is missing in front of learn?
• to

16
93. it is very important learn how to breathe in
and out correctly94. while swimming, as this
extends the ability to cover long distance

• distance is countable in this situation.
• We are speaking in general terms about any long
  distance.
• There are two ways of making this line correct.
• to cover a long distance
• to cover long distances

17
95. board floats are water paddles are the only
correct teaching aids96. for swimming. Proper
use help a learners development of97. both
kicking and arm strokes. Never use inflatable
rubber ring,98. which should only be used as a
rescue device of swimmer in distress.

• (95) There are no errors in this line.

18
95. board floats are water paddles are the only
correct teaching aids96. for swimming. Proper
use help a learners development of97. both
kicking and arm strokes. Never use inflatable
rubber ring,98. which should only be used as a
rescue device of swimmers in distress.

• (96) Is use a noun or a verb here?
• Does the verb agree with the subject.
• Change help to
• helps

19
95. board floats are water paddles are the only
correct teaching aids96. for swimming. Proper
use help a learners development of97. both
kicking and arm strokes. Never use inflatable
rubber ring,98. which should only be used as a
rescue device of swimmers in distress.

• Is ring countable or uncountable?
• Were speaking generally about any inflatable
  rubber ring.
• There are two possible ways of correcting this
  line.
• an inflatable rubber ring
• inflatable rubber rings

20
95. board floats are water paddles are the only
correct teaching aids96. for swimming. Proper
use help a learners development of97. both
kicking and arm strokes. Never use inflatable
rubber ring,98. which should only be used as a
rescue device of swimmers in distress.

• (98) Complete this sentence Rings should be used
  ___ swimmers that are in trouble.
• Replace of with
• by or for