Plasma

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Plasma

• Andrea Barone, Cassie DeFelice, Deanna Margius,
  Colleen Roddy

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Introduction

• Plasma makes up 46-63 of blood
• Similar to interstitial fluid
• Differences
• levels of respiratory gases
• Concentration and types of dissolved proteins
• Straw colored or clear

http//www.piramoon.com/Graphics/newsletters/blood
-components.jpg
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Function

• Function suspending blood cells and transporting
  cells and substances
• Transports materials to a source
• Intestines or liver
• Removes materials from
• Every cell
• Kidney
• Skin

• Ions- Na, Ca2, HCO3-
• Glucose/sugars
• Amino acids
• Organic acids
• Cholesterol/ lipids
• Hormones
• Urea/wastes

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Composition of Plasma

• 92 water
• Proteins- for every 100ml for about 7.6 grams
• Albumins, Globulins, Fibrinogen

http//www.joinbiomedics.com/bloodcells.gif
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Plasma Protein Distribution
Fibrinogen
Other
Plasma
Proteins
(4)
Albumin (60)
(1)
Globulin (35)
Globulin
Fibrinogen (4)
Albumin
(35)
Other Plasma
(60)
Proteins (1)
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Albumins

• This water-soluble protein is the most abundant
  of all the plasma proteins.
• Serum Albumin is the albumin present in blood
• Is produced in the liver
• Maintains osmotic pressure of plasma

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Albumins Contd

• Regulates the exchange of water between plasma
  and the interstitial area.
• Transports fatty acids

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Globulins

• 4 different kinds of globulins present in blood
  alpha 1 alpha 2, beta and gamma globulin
• are transport proteins.
• also serve as substrates for forming other
  substances
• Gamma globulin makes up the largest portion of
  globulin

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Globulins Contd

• protein electrophoresis (SPEP) is performed to
  identify types of globulins present in the blood.
  
• A way to diagnose diseases.
• Blood is drawn from a vein
• Proteins separated by size and charge (separated
  into 4 types seen from last slide)

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Too Much Gamma Globulin Protein?

• You may have many diseases, including
• Chronic inflammatory disease
• Hyperimmunization
• Acute infection
• Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia

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Fibrinogen

• Plasma protein that functions in blood clotting
• Synthesized in the liver
• Proactive protein and is converted to fibrin in
  certain conditions
• Can cause heart attacks and strokes if there is
  too much in the blood stream

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Fibrinogen and Blood clotting

• A cascade of chemical reactions use of platelets
  and thrombin system
• When damage is detected, thrombin, a protease, is
  released and converts fibrinogen into a fiber
  called fibrin
• They stick to vessel walls and form a web like
  structure and stop blood cells from passing
• In conversion, clotting proteins (such as calcium
  ions) are removed leaving a fluid known as serum

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Other Plasma Proteins

• remaining one 1 of plasma
• Peptide hormones
• Insulin
• Prolactin
• Glycoproteins
• TSH (thyroid- simulating hormone)
• FSH (follice stimulating hormone)
• LH (luteinizing hormone)

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Plasma Proteins Come From

• Liver
• Synthesizes 90 of the proteins
• Lymphocytes (lymphatic system)
• Makes the plasma cells ? antibodies
• Endocrine organs
• Peptide hormones

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Works Cited

• http//users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyP
  ages/B/Blood.htmlplasma
• http//www.healthline.com/galecontent/blood
• http//www.fi.edu/learn/heart/blood/plasma.html
• http//www.pptaglobal.org/plasma/plasma_vs_blood.a
  spx