Pennsylvanias NSF ATE Regional Center for Nanofabrication Education A National Resource for Nanotech

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Pennsylvanias NSF ATE Regional Center for
Nanofabrication Education A National Resource
for Nanotechnology Education
Presentation to the National Center for Learning
and Teaching in Nanoscale Science and
Engineering February 9, 2007
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Need for Nanotechnology Workers

• The nation will need more than 1 million
  nanotechnology workers by 2012 (Breslau, 2002
  Roco, 2002).
• Sectors that are driving this demand include
• Industries that traditionally use micro- and
  nanotechnology
• microelectronics
• information storage
• optoelectronics
• electroceramics
• Industries created by this technology
• micro- and nano-electromechanical systems (MEMs
  and NEMs)
• nanobiotechnology, nanoelectronics, and
  nanomaterials start-ups
• Industries that had never used nanotechnology
• pharmaceuticals
• chemicals
• forest products
• stone, clay and glass
• textiles

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Features of the Pennsylvania Center

• Key Partners
• Commission for Community Colleges
• State System of Higher Education
• Penn State
• State funding since 1998
• Industry-led since inception
• NSF ATE Center since 2001
• Emphasis on broad applications
• Capstone semester at Penn State
• Leveraging the NSF NNIN
• Degree programs at 27 institutions
• 222 educational pathways
• Educator and industry workshops
• Summer Nanotech Camps
• Educational cleanroom at Penn State
• Remote access to Penn State equipment
• New courseware for use anywhere
• National resource role since 2005

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Industrial Advisory Board
Plextronics PPG Corporate Science Technology
Group Rohm and Haas Company RJ Lee Group Saladax
Biomedical Inc. Schott North America,
Inc. Seagate Technology Semiconductor Industry
Association Solid State Measurements Tyco
Electronics US Steel Veeco Metrology Group
Air Products and Chemicals Agere Systems Bayer
Material Science LLC Crystalplex
Corp. Diamonex Edlon, Inc. Fairchild
Semiconductor Hanson Technologies, Inc. Imerys
USA Inc. Imiplex LLC Johnson Johnson Kurt
Lesker Co. Lockheed Martin Space Systems Merck 
Co. Minerals Technologies Inc.
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Capstone Semester

• 18-credit, hands-on experience offered
  continuously at Penn State site of the NNIN
• Emphasis on generic skills for any application of
  nanotechnology (or micro-technology)
• Courses are cross-listed in the catalogues of all
  partner institutions
• Support associate and baccalaureate programs at
  partner institutions

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Capstone Semester Courses (1)

• Materials, Safety, and Equipment Overview for
  Nanofabrication
• Provides an overview of basic nanofabrication
  processing and materials handling procedures with
  a focus on safety, environment, and health.
• Basic Nanofabrication Processes
• Provides an overview of the equipment and
  processes used to fabricate materials, devices,
  and structures at the nanoscale using top-down,
  bottom-up, and hybrid approaches.
• Materials in Nanotechnology
• Addresses materials preparation approaches
  including self-assembly, colloidal chemistry,
  catalytic nanowire and nanotube formation,
  thermal growth, physical vapor deposition, and
  chemical vapor deposition.

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Capstone Semester Courses (2)

• Lithography for Nanofabrication
• Covers all aspects of pattern transfer.
  Approaches covered include probe lithography,
  stamp lithography, nano-imprinting, e-beam
  lithography, and optical lithography.
• Materials Modification in Nanofabrication
• Covers materials modification from hydrophobicity
  and hydrophilicity to rapid thermal annealing,
  and examines the impact of such process on
  phenomena from wetting angles to overall
  electrical, mechanical, optical, and chemical
  properties.
• Characterization, Testing of Nanofabricated
  Structures and Materials
• Addresses nanofabrication characterization and
  testing, emphasizing basic measurement approaches
  from optical microscopy to scanning probe
  microscopies and scanning electron microscopy.

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Summer Nanotech Camps for Secondary Students

• One-day and three-day summer Nanotech Camps
  offered since 1999
• 987 PA students have attend summer three-day
  Nanotech Camps to date
• Special emphasis on students from disadvantaged
  minority communities

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Professional Development of Educators and
Industry Personnel

• 708 educators and industry representatives have
  attended 3-day workshops to date
• Nanotechnology experiment kits for use in
  secondary schools under development
• Nanotechnology being incorporated into
  pre-service science teacher education in PA

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Summary of Results to Date

• 33 associate degree programs, including 12
  community colleges, Millersville U., Lock Haven
  U., California U. of PA, Penn College, and Penn
  State campuses
• 21 Baccalaureate programs at 7 State System
  universities, Penn College, Penn State Berks, and
  Penn State UP
• 708 educators and industry personnel completed
  three-day workshops
• 987 secondary students completed Nanotech Camps
• 405 students have completed the capstone semester
• 62 employed
• 36 continuing their education
• 2 seeking employment
• About 200 students currently in pipeline to the
  capstone semester

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PA Nanotechnology Companies Who Have Hired NMT
Graduates
II-IV Corporation Agere Allied Fueling Alden
Products Amedeo Avail Technologies BioElectroSpec
B. Braun Cabot Centocor Correg Sensors Cyoptics DR
S Laurel Technologies Dana Corporation
NanoHorizons Optellios Philips Medical
Systems Plextronics Probes Unlimited PPL Rhetech
Seagate Technologies SI International Spectrum
Technologies Textron Lycoming Transene Westfalia
Technologies Xactix
Doucette Industries Fairchild Semiconductors Finco
r Automation First Energy Gas Technologies GlaxoSm
ithKline Hershey Medical Center Johnson
Matthey Keystone Engineering Lockheed
Martin Lucent Technologies Lutron
Electronics Membrane Assays Merck
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What Employers Saying About Associate Degree
Graduates

• We recently hired an NMT graduate about 3 months
  ago and he just hit the floor running. Hes been
  great. (Plextronics, Inc.)
• We like the self starting type of individual that
  comes out. They are able to think in a very
  broad sense. (Seagate Technology)
• We take these NMT people like that! Boom! Right
  off the top! (Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.)
• These NMT technicians have more processing
  experience, and they see the big semiconductor
  picture. (Fairchild Semiconductor)
• The NMT experience hits all the basics. The
  scope exceptional. We look for people whove
  gone through the NMT experience. (Verimetra,
  Inc)
• The NMT students are getting a broad background.
  No one else seems to be doing this. (Xactix,
  Inc.)
• In our environment, a person like this would be
  very, very good. (National Institute of
  Standards and Technology)

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Taking the National Pulse (2004)

• There is strong and growing interest among
  community colleges throughout the nation.
• Relatively few nanofabrication research
  facilities are available for technician training
• Alternatives to the centralized facility model
  should be a major thrust of any national effort
• Students must be provided with hands-on
  laboratory experiences

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Some Potential Regional Efforts

• Upper Midwest
• Dakota County Technical College
• University of Minnesota
• Midwest
• Rock Valley College
• Argonne National Laboratory
• California
• College of the Canyons
• UCSB
• Florida
• St. Petersburg College
• University of South Florida
• Iowa
• Hawkeye Community College
• Iowa State University

• Texas
• Del Mar College
• Kingwood College
• Texas A and M
• Northwest
• North Seattle Community College
• University of Washington
• Baltimore-Washington
• Community College of Baltimore County
• University of Maryland

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National Leadership Role With 2005 Regional
Center Renewal

• Assist community and technical colleges across
  the nation to develop nanotechnology education
  programs
• Develop alternatives to the centralized facility
  model for delivery of associate degree level
  nanotechnology education
• Assist community and technical colleges to
  develop and deliver nanotechnology training for
  incumbent workers
• Develop national skill standards for associate
  degree level nanotechnology workers

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Alternatives to Centralized Facilities

• Make capstone semester experiences in centralized
  facilities available to students wherever
  possible
• Create parallel alternative educational
  experiences for students without access to a
  capstone semester
• New educational clean room with on-line access to
  AFM, SEM, and other instruments, coupled with new
  learning tools for hands-on nanotechnology
  education anywhere
• Develop and disseminate new courses on
  fundamentals of nanotechnology for delivery with
  or without access to clean rooms or equipment
• Workshops to prepare community college faculty to
  use new learning tools and on-line access to Penn
  State teaching clean room in their classrooms
• New curriculum and learning tools to enable
  on-site incumbent worker training at industry
  locations

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Educational Nanotechnology Laboratory

• Features
• 1,500 sq. ft. of laboratory space
• 1,000 sq. ft. class 100,000 clean room
• Equipment
• Atomic Force Microscope
• Scanning Electron Microscope
• Reactive Ion Etcher
• Evaporator
• Sputtering System
• Atmospheric Furnace
• Profilometer
• Ellipsometer
• Probe Station
• UV-VIS Spectrophotometer
• Optical Microscope
• Chemical Vapor Deposition System
• Denotes Remote Accessible Equipment

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Introduction to Nanoscience Course
Examine the science underlying nanotechnology,
applications to electronic, chemical, and
biological fields, and impacts on society and the
environment.
Some Learning Outcomes
Some Topics

• Describe the societal impacts of nanotechnology
  on modern society
• List at least five biological applications of
  nanotechnology
• Find, using Internet research, five commercial
  applications of nanotechnology
• Describe the structures known as nanotubes and
  Bucky balls, and one current application of each
  form
• Describe the application of nanotechnology to
  environmental and medical issues

• Exploring the Atomic Scale
• Structure
• Chemical Properties of Nanomaterials
• Electrical Properties of Nanomaterials
• Quantum Effects
• Building and Characterizing Nanostructures
• Biological Applications of Nanoscience
• Environmental and Societal Impacts of
  Nanoparticles
• Career Opportunities in Nanotechnology

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Nanotechnology Skill Standards

• National Association of State Directors of Career
  and Technical Education Career Clusters
  initiative
• Career Clusters organize education around sixteen
  broad categories that encompass virtually all
  occupations
• Manufacturing Skill Standards Council (MSSC) has
  led skills standards development for
  manufacturing production technician
• Manufacturing Processes and Production
• Quality Assurance
• Maintenance Awareness
• Safety
• MSSC production technician certification is now
  being promoted nationally to education and
  industry
• Center for Nanofabrication Manufacturing
  Education is leading nanotechnology component of
  MSSC production technician certification
  standards update in 2006-2007

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Nanotechnologist Skill Set

• Clean room protocols
• Scanning probe microscopy
• Electron microscopy
• Optical, chemical, and electrical
  characterization
• Nano-imprinting
• E-beam lithography
• Self-assembly fabrication
• Colloidal chemistry fabrication
• Plasma etching/deposition fabrication

• Nanowire and nanoparticle fabrication
• Bio-chip fabrication
• MEMs and NEMs fabrication
• Electrical device fabrication
• Health, safety and environmental concerns
• Technical reporting and documentation
• Intellectual property management
• Applications of micro- and nanotechnology
• Teamwork

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Incumbent Worker Training for Two Types of
Companies

• Companies engaged in, or soon to be engaged in,
  micro- and nanotechnology
• Deliver one-day nanotechnology overview workshops
  on-site, employing remote access to laboratory
  equipment and nanotechnology learning tools
• More traditional companies in industries that are
  not yet using or even planning to use
  nanotechnology, but that will very soon be
  impacted by nanotechnology
• Assist traditional industry companies explore
  applications of nanotechnology to their
  respective fields
• Survey Pa. companies nanotechnology training
  needs with the goal of planning nanotechnology
  fabrication/characterization training for
  incumbent workers