Title: Situational Analysis of Sexual and Gender Based Violence in the Internally Displaced Persons Camps a
1Situational Analysis of Sexual and Gender Based
Violence in the Internally Displaced Persons
Camps after the Post Election Violence in Kenya
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4Background
- Concern for SGBV in IDP camps even after launch
of Operation Rudi Nyumbani (transit camps) - Inadequate/ lack of infrastructure, being away
from basic services -direct bearing on
reproductive health needs of women. - Numerous field visits by Aid workers (members of
GBV Sub-Cluster) indicated that women were in
dire need of basic and RH services. -
5Objectives
- Find out the needs, (SRH) and problems of IDPs in
camps - Establish the magnitude and forms of SGBV in
camps - Establish causes, predisposing factors and
consequences of SGBV - Examine challenges and coping mechanisms of IDPs
- Make policy and programmatic recommendations for
addressing IDP needs/concerns
6Methodology
- Areas selected Nairobi, Limuru, Naivasha,
Nakuru, Eldoret, Narok - Data collection methods
- Survey-629(400 female, 229 male)
- FGDs- varying groups-249(174 female and 75 male)
28 FGDs - KIs-AID workers, PA, Camp leaders,
- Case studies-10
- Data analysis-SPSS(Qn), Manual (QL)
7 81) Demographic characteristics
- Age-73 -20-55 yrs (productive labour force)
- Sex-64male, 36 female
- Education-none-18
- -primary -57
- -secondary-21.5
9Demographic characteristics Cont/
- Marital status
- Married- 54
- Single-22.5
- Divorced-8.4
- Widow-14.1
- Income
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112) Leadership Structure
- Chair, Treasurer, Secretary
- Camp representation/spokespersons for IDPs
- Distribution of food and other relief supplies
- Dispute resolution
- Institute discipline
- Organizing/coordinating functions of the camp
123) Main Concerns in camps
13Specific concerns of women girls
14Specific concerns predisposing women/girls to SGBV
- Women-specific needs
- Fetching water/firewood
- Young girls going to school
- Sharing bathrooms/toilets with men
- Sharing tent with children
- Idleness
- Attacks while trying to access farms
- Going to shops
- Separation of spouses in camps
- Infidelity
154) Forms of SGBV among IDPsYes-54.7
16Forms of SGBV Cont/...
- From Ql data
- Sexual exploitation of boys
- Sexual Exploitation of girls/forced prostitution
- Early marriages
- Child labour
17No SGBV-42.8
18Main perpetrators of violence
19Main victims
205) Causes of SGBV
- Economic hardship/poverty-35
- Alcohol-23.2
- Frustrations/depression/stress-20.5
- Infidelity/ abandonment
- Idleness
- Ethnicity/political differences
- Theft of food, firewood, tents, clothes etc
21Causes of SGBV cont/
- Fights over unfair distribution of food and other
supplies - Men sell food to buy alcohol
- Women refuse to have sex with their husbands
- Separation of spouses in camps
226)factors contributing to vulnerability of
women/girls to SGBV
- coercion into sex for basic services- (28.2)
- Unlike boys, girls cannot endure lack of basic
needs - weaker sex/easy target- (25.7)
- traditional view of women as property (5.2)
- view women as sexual objects (8.3)
- women carry ready made food
23factors contributing to vulnerability of
women/girls to SGBV Cont/
- rape as an ethnic cleansing tool- 8.9
- high stress levels
- dress code
- drug use/alcohol
- indiscipline
24factors contributing to vulnerability of
women/girls to SGBV Cont
- Insecurity
- Lack of privacy
- Inadequate clothing-petticoats, pants
- Good looks-young, well dressed
- Other needs- lotion, perfumes, good clothes,
shoes etc
257) Consequences of SGBV
26Consequences of SGBV Cont/
- Vaginal bleeding
- Self blame
- Aloofness
- Separation
278) Coping mechanisms for women
- Look for casual jobs
- Move in groups
- Try to live within limited supplies by govt and
other donors - Get married
- Individuals and camp leaders solicit for help
from well wishers
289) Reporting SGBV
- People report-55.5
- Do not report- 31.1
- Dont know 13.4
29Who they report to
30Help received after reporting
- psycho-social -33.9
- medical -25.8
- Legal- 12.1
- mediation -11.5
- detention -2.1
- security -0.6
- separate sexes- 0.2
31Challenges in reporting
- Embarrassment -26.2
- Unfriendly reporting env-16.3
- Fear further violence by perpetrator-14.3
- No action taken in previous cases-12.6
- Reluctance of law enforcers to recognize SGBV
cases-6.9
32Challenges in reporting Cont/
- Lack knowledge on where to report-6.7
- Fear of blame -6
- Stigmatization
- How do you report husband?
33Challenges in reporting Cont/
- Other reasons
- Lack of time to report
- Tribalism/corruption by law enforcers
- Ineffectiveness of camp leaders
- People not aware of rights
- Disagreements temporary-no need to report
-
3410) Role of Govt AID orgs
3511) Recommendations
- Education and sensitization on SGBV-prioritize
- Response to SGBV issues by government and NGOs
- Educate IDPs on importance of reporting SGBV
- Create friendly reporting environment-train law
enforcers/health workers
36Recommendations Cont/
- Provide dignity kits/RH/ basic needs to women
girls-prevent survival sex sexual violence - socio-economic empowerment, especially of women
and girls, during resettlement-access to funds - Cluster coordinate response efforts- nationally
and locally-Secretariat
37Recommendations Cont/
- Active involvement of AID orgs with government in
resettlement - Further research to establish the situation
gender concerns of already re-integrated IDPs
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