Situational Analysis of Sexual and Gender Based Violence in the Internally Displaced Persons Camps a - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Situational Analysis of Sexual and Gender Based Violence in the Internally Displaced Persons Camps a

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Find out the needs, (SRH) and problems of IDPs in camps ... Fights over unfair distribution of food and other supplies. Men sell food to buy alcohol ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Situational Analysis of Sexual and Gender Based Violence in the Internally Displaced Persons Camps a


1
Situational Analysis of Sexual and Gender Based
Violence in the Internally Displaced Persons
Camps after the Post Election Violence in Kenya
  • By,
  • Roseanne Njiru

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Background
  • Concern for SGBV in IDP camps even after launch
    of Operation Rudi Nyumbani (transit camps)
  • Inadequate/ lack of infrastructure, being away
    from basic services -direct bearing on
    reproductive health needs of women.
  • Numerous field visits by Aid workers (members of
    GBV Sub-Cluster) indicated that women were in
    dire need of basic and RH services.

5
Objectives
  • Find out the needs, (SRH) and problems of IDPs in
    camps
  • Establish the magnitude and forms of SGBV in
    camps
  • Establish causes, predisposing factors and
    consequences of SGBV
  • Examine challenges and coping mechanisms of IDPs
  • Make policy and programmatic recommendations for
    addressing IDP needs/concerns

6
Methodology
  • Areas selected Nairobi, Limuru, Naivasha,
    Nakuru, Eldoret, Narok
  • Data collection methods
  • Survey-629(400 female, 229 male)
  • FGDs- varying groups-249(174 female and 75 male)
    28 FGDs
  • KIs-AID workers, PA, Camp leaders,
  • Case studies-10
  • Data analysis-SPSS(Qn), Manual (QL)

7
  • STUDY
  • FINDINGS

8
1) Demographic characteristics
  • Age-73 -20-55 yrs (productive labour force)
  • Sex-64male, 36 female
  • Education-none-18
  • -primary -57
  • -secondary-21.5

9
Demographic characteristics Cont/
  • Marital status
  • Married- 54
  • Single-22.5
  • Divorced-8.4
  • Widow-14.1
  • Income

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2) Leadership Structure
  • Chair, Treasurer, Secretary
  • Camp representation/spokespersons for IDPs
  • Distribution of food and other relief supplies
  • Dispute resolution
  • Institute discipline
  • Organizing/coordinating functions of the camp

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3) Main Concerns in camps
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Specific concerns of women girls
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Specific concerns predisposing women/girls to SGBV
  • Women-specific needs
  • Fetching water/firewood
  • Young girls going to school
  • Sharing bathrooms/toilets with men
  • Sharing tent with children
  • Idleness
  • Attacks while trying to access farms
  • Going to shops
  • Separation of spouses in camps
  • Infidelity

15
4) Forms of SGBV among IDPsYes-54.7
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Forms of SGBV Cont/...
  • From Ql data
  • Sexual exploitation of boys
  • Sexual Exploitation of girls/forced prostitution
  • Early marriages
  • Child labour

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No SGBV-42.8
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Main perpetrators of violence
19
Main victims
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5) Causes of SGBV
  • Economic hardship/poverty-35
  • Alcohol-23.2
  • Frustrations/depression/stress-20.5
  • Infidelity/ abandonment
  • Idleness
  • Ethnicity/political differences
  • Theft of food, firewood, tents, clothes etc

21
Causes of SGBV cont/
  • Fights over unfair distribution of food and other
    supplies
  • Men sell food to buy alcohol
  • Women refuse to have sex with their husbands
  • Separation of spouses in camps

22
6)factors contributing to vulnerability of
women/girls to SGBV
  • coercion into sex for basic services- (28.2)
  • Unlike boys, girls cannot endure lack of basic
    needs
  • weaker sex/easy target- (25.7)
  • traditional view of women as property (5.2)
  • view women as sexual objects (8.3)
  • women carry ready made food

23
factors contributing to vulnerability of
women/girls to SGBV Cont/
  • rape as an ethnic cleansing tool- 8.9
  • high stress levels
  • dress code
  • drug use/alcohol
  • indiscipline

24
factors contributing to vulnerability of
women/girls to SGBV Cont
  • Insecurity
  • Lack of privacy
  • Inadequate clothing-petticoats, pants
  • Good looks-young, well dressed
  • Other needs- lotion, perfumes, good clothes,
    shoes etc

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7) Consequences of SGBV
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Consequences of SGBV Cont/
  • Vaginal bleeding
  • Self blame
  • Aloofness
  • Separation

27
8) Coping mechanisms for women
  • Look for casual jobs
  • Move in groups
  • Try to live within limited supplies by govt and
    other donors
  • Get married
  • Individuals and camp leaders solicit for help
    from well wishers

28
9) Reporting SGBV
  • People report-55.5
  • Do not report- 31.1
  • Dont know 13.4

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Who they report to
30
Help received after reporting
  • psycho-social -33.9
  • medical -25.8
  • Legal- 12.1
  • mediation -11.5
  • detention -2.1
  • security -0.6
  • separate sexes- 0.2

31
Challenges in reporting
  • Embarrassment -26.2
  • Unfriendly reporting env-16.3
  • Fear further violence by perpetrator-14.3
  • No action taken in previous cases-12.6
  • Reluctance of law enforcers to recognize SGBV
    cases-6.9

32
Challenges in reporting Cont/
  • Lack knowledge on where to report-6.7
  • Fear of blame -6
  • Stigmatization
  • How do you report husband?

33
Challenges in reporting Cont/
  • Other reasons
  • Lack of time to report
  • Tribalism/corruption by law enforcers
  • Ineffectiveness of camp leaders
  • People not aware of rights
  • Disagreements temporary-no need to report
  •  

34
10) Role of Govt AID orgs
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11) Recommendations
  • Education and sensitization on SGBV-prioritize
  • Response to SGBV issues by government and NGOs
  • Educate IDPs on importance of reporting SGBV
  • Create friendly reporting environment-train law
    enforcers/health workers

36
Recommendations Cont/
  • Provide dignity kits/RH/ basic needs to women
    girls-prevent survival sex sexual violence
  • socio-economic empowerment, especially of women
    and girls, during resettlement-access to funds
  • Cluster coordinate response efforts- nationally
    and locally-Secretariat

37
Recommendations Cont/
  • Active involvement of AID orgs with government in
    resettlement
  • Further research to establish the situation
    gender concerns of already re-integrated IDPs

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  • Ahsante!!
  • Thank you!!

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