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Political Culture of Texas The Ideological and Socioeconomic Context of Texas Politics and Government

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Title: Political Culture of Texas The Ideological and Socioeconomic Context of Texas Politics and Government


1
Political Culture of Texas The Ideological and
Socioeconomic Context of TexasPolitics and
Government
  • Political Culture
  • Political Ideology and Socialization
  • The Economy of Texas
  • The People of Texas

2
Political Culture
  • Political Culture is a peoples shared framework
    of values, beliefs, and habits of behavior
    related to government politics.
  • Relationship between government and people
  • Rights and responsibility of people
  • Obligations of government
  • Limits on government authority

3
Political Culture and Political Ideology
  • Political ideology is a consistent set of
    beliefs and attitudes concerning the scope and
    purpose of government.
  • Texas political ideology is described in terms of
    three different ideals
  • Classic liberalism
  • Social conservatism
  • Populism
  • Overlapping focus results in low taxes and low
    government service in Texas,

4
Texas Individualism
  • Product of 17th Century Anglo/European
    Protestantism.
  • Society based on land (.125 per acre).
  • Frontier setting lasts four decades.
  • Conflict with Native Americans.
  • Adaptation
  • Ranching for agriculture
  • Texas cowboy (vaquero)
  • Texas Ranger

5
Classic Liberalism
  • Thomas Jefferson and James Madison
  • Individualism as long as rights of others are
    not restricted.
  • Opposed to government control to attain social
    objectives.
  • Religious tolerance and protection of civil
    liberties.
  • Reliance on Laissez faire free market economy.

6
Social Conservatism
  • John Adams and Alexander Hamilton
  • Embrace traditional hierarchical social
    relations.
  • View social change as a threat to established
    practices and beliefs.
  • Accept use of government to reinforce traditions.

7
Populism
  • Primarily concerned with protecting the ordinary
    people.
  • Stresses use of government to regulate both
    society and the economy.
  • Conflicting approaches
  • Government regulation to aid farmers
  • Lower taxes on middle and upper classes.

8
Contemporary Liberals
  • Promote use of government to economic, political
    and social equality.
  • Leaves individual free to make moral or personal
    decisions without government influence.
  • Has its roots in Franklin Roosevelts New Deal
    and Lyndon Johnsons Great Society.

9
One Dimensional Political Spectrum
Center
Right Wing
Left Wing
Radical
Liberal
Moderate
Conservative
Reactionary
Status Quo
10
The Political Ideological Group Spectrum
11
Four Texas Ideologies
  • Equality
  • Results
  • Populism
  • Liberalism

Equality Opportunity
  • Libertarianism
  • Conservatism

Individualism
Liberty
Ordered Liberty
12
David Nolan Ideology GraphLibertarian Expansion
to 3 Dimensions
13
Online Quiz
14
Acquisition of Political Ideas
  • General Socialization learning manners and
    proper etiquette.
  • Political Socialization - learning political
    values and beliefs.
  • Texans are made not born!
  • Agents of Political Socialization
  • Family
  • School
  • Religion
  • Media

15
Family Influence
  • Identification with
  • Ethnicity
  • Race
  • Religion
  • Class
  • Has to be successfully articulated by parents,
    understood by children and perceived as
    important.

16
School Influence
  • Introduction of substance as well as different,
    contradictory points of view.
  • More important in Texas than in other states.
    (Alamo vs Bunker Hill)

17
Influence of Religion
  • Provide a significant part of a societys value
    infrastructure.
  • Disagreements over religious doctrine and public
    policy.
  • Abortion
  • Rights of women
  • Rights of Gays and Lesbians

18
Media Influence
  • For adults the principal agent is the mass media.
  • Includes printed material, broadcast news,
    on-line services, and various entertainment
    media.
  • Television by far the most influential, 53 of
    the population consider it their source of
    events.
  • Can be manipulated by the journalist or
    producer/director.

19
The Texas Economy
  • Cotton - Heart of the early economy
  • First real economy but gave way to cattle after
    the civil war.
  • Cattle - Continuation of Mexican free range
    steers/cattle
  • Oil - 20th century growth industry until late
    1940. Cheaper to import oil. 1973 embargo and
    boom. Crash in mid 1980s.
  • Diversification manufacturing, technology and
    services.

20
Economic Ideals and Concerns
  • Entrepreneurship
  • Creation of Wealth
  • Aversion to Taxation
  • Aversion to Government Services
  • Importance of Public Education

21
Texas Social Workforce
  • 60 Anglo
  • 25 Hispanic
  • 12 African American
  • 2 Asian American
  • 1 Native American

22
Texas Economy Today
  • Diversification, nationalization and
    globalization
  • Agriculture 13 Billion
  • 1/3 crops 2/3 cattle
  • Oil/Gas Production
  • 1935 375,617M barrels, 59,461 wells
  • 1978 1billion barrels, 166,365 wells
  • 2003 357,580M barrels, 153,461 wells
  • 2005 376,709M barrels, 150, 856 wells
  • 2008 Production Wells
  • 30 growth in manufacturing
  • 84 growth in services
  • 200 growth in exports
  • GSP 2007 - 1 Trillion

23
Texas Wealth and Poverty
  • Texas ranks 3rd in U.S. income inequality
  • Texas ranks 40th in high school graduates
  • Ethnic Poverty rates
  • Anglo 8
  • Hispanic 25
  • African American 23
  • Primarily in urban areas and Rio Grande Valley

24
The People of Texas23,507,783 (2006)
  • Native Americans
  • Hispanics (4000)
  • African Americans (5000)
  • Asian Americans
  • Anglos (31000)

25
Population Growth
  • Since 2000 Census 2,000,000
  • 1,200,000 Texan Births Deaths
  • 800,000 Immigration
  • 200,000 national immigrants
  • 600,000 international immigrants

26
Population Distribution
  • 1850 3.5 urban (2500 cities)
  • 1900 17.1
  • 1950 60
  • 2000 85

27
Native Americans ( .7)
  • North - Lippan Apaches, Wichitas
  • East - Caddos Tayshas
  • Central - Tonkawas, Wacos
  • South Coahuiltecan, Karankawas
  • West - Comanche, Apaches, Jumanos
  • Today there are 3 tribes
  • Alabama-Coushattas
  • Kickapoos
  • Tiguas (1990s - Speaking Rock Casino)

28
Hispanics (35.1)
  • Spanish Rule 1535 - 1821 (Dies y Seis)
  • Mexican Rule 1821 - 1836
  • Republic of Texas 1836 - 1845 (10)
  • State of Texas
  • 1850 Census made up 7 of population
  • 1890 Census made up 4 of population
  • 1910 10 fold growth in population
  • 1940 made up 20 of population
  • 2000 made up 32 of population
  • Held 2000 elected political offices in 2003
  • 98 of these officials are Democrats

29
African Americans ( 11.7)
  • Mexican government opposed slavery
  • 1836 made up 12.5 of population
  • 1836 to 1865 forced migration with southern
    farmers, made up 33 of population.
  • Agricultural changes from plantations to share
    croppers to tenant/owner farmers causes drop in
    population to 12.
  • Held 460 elected offices in 2001.
  • 9th in U.S. in number elected in state and local
    government.

30
Asian Americans (3.3)
  • 1869 Chinese
  • 1903 Japanese
  • 1970 Vietnamese
  • Also represented - Koreans, Filipinos, Indians
  • Limited participation at the county or city level
    in elected office.

31
Anglos (49.1)
  • Early Settlement 1815 -1821
  • US immigrants from upper southern states
  • European immigrants
  • Mexican Empresario Program 1821 - 1835
  • US immigrants from lower southern states
  • European immigration continues
  • 1836 Anglo Population
  • 60 Upper Southern US 10 New England
  • 25 Lower Southern US 5 European

32
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