The Third Nation Native American Issues - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 20
About This Presentation
Title:

The Third Nation Native American Issues

Description:

The Harvard Project on American Indian Economic Development, at the ... Coward, John M., The Newspaper Indian: Native American Identity in the Press, 1820-90. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:66
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 21
Provided by: erich49
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: The Third Nation Native American Issues


1
The Third Nation - Native American Issues
Jonathan Taylor
  • Covering the Border Issues from the US-Mexico
    Borderland
  • Western Knight Center for Specialized Journalism
  • and
  • The Institute for Justice and Journalism,
  • Annenberg School for Communication
  • University of Southern California
  • November 5, 2003
  • Tucson, Arizona

2
HPAEID NNI
  • The Harvard Project on American Indian Economic
    Development, at the JFK School of Government,
    Harvard University
  • ksg.harvard.edu/hpaied
  • The Native Nations Institute for Leadership,
    Management, and Policy, Udall Center for Studies
    in Public Policy, Univerisity of Arizona
  • udallcenter.arizona.edu/nativenations/index.html

3
Overview
  • Missions of the HPAIED and NNI
  • Research findings on economic development
  • Sovereignty
  • Institutions
  • Native culture
  • Implications for policy and journalism

4
Missions
  • Research and teaching on the causes and
    consequences of American Indian economic
    development.
  • Applied research for Indian governments.
  • Executive education.
  • Governance awards program.

5
The Research A Time to be Optimistic?
  • Long legacy of problems and challenges
  • Growing number of success stories
  • Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians (Mississippi)
  • Confederated Salish and Kootenai (Montana)
  • Winnebago Tribe (Nebraska)
  • Louden Tribe (Alaska)
  • Why are some tribes successful while others
    cannot get off the dime?

6
Two Approaches to Economic Development
  • 1. The Standard Approach
  • Weve got a problempoverty.
  • Solution Get Something Going!
  • get businesses started,
  • find a grant,
  • find a program.
  • Produces familiar results single-cycles of
    investment in businesses that fail.

7
Two Approaches to Economic Development
  • 2. The Nation-Building Approach
  • Weve got a problempoverty.
  • Solution create an environment that is conducive
    to investment of all types.
  • Views development primarily as a political
    challenge sovereign, stable, and capable
    institutions of government.
  • Produces outcomes capital investment, return
    migration,

8
Components of Nation-Building
1. Sovereignty
3. Culture
2. Capable Institutions
9
1. (De Facto) Sovereignty
  • Genuine decision making control over the tribes
    affairs.
  • In virtually every case weve seen of sustained
    economic development, the tribe is in the
    drivers seatoutsiders cannot get development
    going.
  • De facto control translates into dollars and
    cents results and a host of qualitative benefits.

10
Why Sovereignty?
  • Four sovereigns in the US Constitution.
  • Quasi-sovereign, domestic dependent nations
    (the Marshall Trilogy)
  • The Self-determination Era
  • Tribes assertion of de facto control
  • Public Law 93-638 and extensions
  • Tribal capacity-building

11
Why does Sovereignty Matter?
  • Who is the self in self-government
  • Property rights
  • Decision-makers and consequences closer together
  • Heterogeneous preferencescultures
  • Responsiveness to local conditions

12
2. Capable Institutions
  • Stable institutions and policies
  • Fair and effective dispute resolution
  • Separation of politics from business management
  • A bureaucracy that can get things done

13
Stable Institutions
  • Investors of all kinds avoid instability.
  • Tribes are reforming their institutions
  • Staggered terms for elected, regulatory, and
    judicial officials
  • Separation of powers and checks and balances
  • Judicial review in times of crisis.

14
Fair Effective Dispute Resolution
  • Robust, fair, speedy, and independent judicial
    systems foster development
  • Court independence has a measurable effect on
    unemployment.
  • Judicial systems do not have to look like
    western courts

15
Separation of Politics Business Management
  • Government ownership of enterprise is a regular
    feature of economic activity in Indian Country.
  • Enterprises that are formally insulated from
    politics are four times as likely to be
    profitable
  • Tribes are building boards and commissions to
    protect the functioning of enterprise.

16
An Effective Bureaucracy
  • Getting things done fairly, predictably, and
    efficiently
  • Civil service, solid record keeping, independent
    audits, etc.
  • Hiring and retaining some of best employees
    available.

17
3. Cultural Match
  • The match between governing institutions and the
    prevailing norms/attitudes about how authority
    should be organized and exercised is essential to
    government functioning.
  • Legitimacy of government is at the core of
    socioeconomic development.
  • Constitutional and institutional reform is at the
    core of socioeconomic development.

18
Why might (political) culture matter?
  • Culture helps principals discipline their agents.
  • Culture can be a check on end-runs around
    institutions.
  • Culture can be the basis for policy consensus.
  • Culture defines the legitimate application of
    authority.

19
Implications for Policy
  • Government-to-government relationship vs.
    government-to-dependent
  • Dispersion vs. centralization of resources,
    objectives, solutions
  • Investments in governing capacity vs. adherence
    to rules
  • Flexibility in understanding the self in
    self-government.

20
Implications for Journalism
  • More than the usual investment in stories,
    because the history, policy, and culture of
    relevant tribes is important.
  • Cultural assumptions bias
  • What culture says about organizing society
  • What culture says about Indian policy
  • Indians and the melting pot
  • The Indian wars are over
  • Surplus wealth of Indians
  • We gave the IndiansXYZ
  • Coward, John M., The Newspaper Indian Native
    American Identity in the Press, 1820-90.
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com