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Title: Barbara Gallina, Nicolas Guelfi, Amel Mammar


1
Structuring Business Nested Processes Using UML
2.0 Activity Diagrams and Translating into
XPDL
  • Barbara Gallina, Nicolas Guelfi, Amel Mammar
  • University of Luxembourg
  • Faculty of Sciences, Technologies and
    Communication
  • Laboratory of Advanced Software Systems
  • 6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi
  • L-1359 Luxembourg-Kirchberg LUXEMBOURG
  • barbara.gallina,nicolas.guelfi,amel.mammar_at_un
    i.lu

2
Table of Contents
  • The issue
  • Context The Efficient project
  • State of the Art
  • Starting point
  • Steps to reach a solution
  • Proposed solution UML2.0 AD?XPDL
  • Conclusion and future work
  • Bibliography

3
The issue
  • Engineering complex distributed business
    processes necessitates an integrated use of
    techniques for
  • modeling
  • verification
  • validation
  • Modelling of
  • Behaviour of e-Business transactions in a
    business analysts understandable manner
  • Nested transactions for reusability and
    structuring purposes
  • Exception handling (alternatives) for
    dependability purposes
  • Distributed validation through transactions
    animation
  • Use of a Workflow Engine
  • Verification through model checking

4
The E-fficient project
  • Tools set (called Animator) for eBusiness
    Transactions
  • Three layered approach
  • Business layer transactions identification
  • Specification layer
  • UML Activity diagram business process
  • UML Class diagram specification of messages
  • Technical layer execution of the transaction,
    translated into, XPDL using an animator

5
State of the art building blocks
  • Transaction models
  • Advanced transaction models
  • Exception handling
  • In a distributed context
  • Combined with (nested) transactions
  • Design notations
  • User level UML 2.0
  • Class Diagrams for business domain data
  • Activity Diagrams for business transactions
  • Engine level XMLSchema and XPDL

6
State of the art zoom into XPDL
  • A standard XML based language proposed by WfMC
  • An exchange language to be used at the interface
    between the tools to design workflows and the
    Enactment Service to execute workflows

7
Starting point
  • FTT-UML, a profile proposal based on UML 1.5 that
    aimed at integrating fault tolerance ref CGR04
  • Some transformation rules between UML 1.5 to XPDL
    ref Esh03

8
Steps to reach a solution
  • Expressivness power comparison UML2.0 AD vs XPDL
    using W. van der Aalst criteria
  • Workflow Patterns directly supported (exclusive
    choice for example)
  • Workflow Patterns that need a workaround solution
    (deferred choice in XPDL)
  • ?
  • Adoption of some solutions and propositions of
    new ones

9
UML2.0 AD?XPDL Process
  • Automatic routing of documents to the users
    responsible for working on them
  • Exchange of a set of information to achieve a
    business goal
  • Modeled using
  • an ActivityDiagram in UML2.0
  • a WorkflowProcess definition in XPDL

10
UML2.0 AD?XPDL Roles
  • Roles (business partners) cooperate in order to
    reach the transaction goal (in normal and
    exceptional cases)
  • Modeled using
  • a swimlane in UML 2.0
  • a default-value inside the datafileds in XPDL

lt/DataTypegt ltInitialValuegt Swimlane lt/InitialVa
luegt lt/DataFieldgt
11
UML2.0 AD?XPDL Simple tasks
  • Action node Activity with no implementation

ltActivity Id"ActivityID" Name"ActivityName"gt ltIm
plementationgt ltNo/gtlt/Implementationgt... lt/Activity
gt
ActivityName
12
UML2.0 AD?XPDL Complex Tasks
  • Nested tasks
  • Application or procedure call
  • Nested transactions

ltActivity Id"ID" Name"Name"gt ltImplementationgtltSu
bFlowExecution"SYNCH" Id"RelatedWPID"gt...lt/SubFl
owgt lt/Implementationgtlt/Activitygt
Name
ltActivity Id"ID"Name"Operation" ltImplementationgt
ltTool Id"IDTool" Type"APPLICATION"gt ltActualParam
etersgt...lt/ActualParametersgt lt/Toolgtlt/Implementati
ongt...lt/Activitygt
Operation
ltDescriptiongt Transaction lt/Descriptiongt
ltltTransactiongtgt
XPDL 2.0 significant changes
13
UML2.0 AD?XPDL Process starting/ending point
  • The starting point ?
  • Initial node Route Activity
  • The ending point ?
  • Final Activity Node Route Activity

ltActivity Id"initialID" Name"initial"gt ltRoute/gt.
..
ltActivity IdfinalID" Name"initial"gt ltRoute/gt...
14
UML2.0 AD?XPDL Control nodes
  • Control nodes root activities
  • Fork
  • Decision

ltActivity Id"ID" Name"fork"gt ltRoute/gt ...ltTransi
tionRestrictionsgt ltTransitionRestrictiongt ltSplitTy
pe"AND"/gt lt/TransitionRestrictiongt lt/TransitionRe
strictionsgtlt/Activitygt
ltTransitionRestrictiongt ltSplit Type"XOR"/gt lt/Tran
sitionRestrictiongt
15
UML2.0 AD?XPDL Inputs/outputs
  • Represent administrative documents on which
    operation related to process tasks are executed
  • Modeled using
  • Object nodes in UML 2.0
  • Data Fields in XPDL and also as Formal/Actual
    Parameter if inputs or outputs of SubFlow or Tool
    Activity

ltDataField Id"o_schema" IsArray"FALSE"Name"obje
ct"gt ltDataTypegt
16
UML2.0 AD?XPDL Transition
  • Edge Transition

ltTransition From"A-ID" IdtransID"
To"B-ID"gt... lt/Transitiongt
17
UML2.0 AD?XPDL Exceptions
  • Circumstances that diverge from the normal ones
  • Modeled using
  • Accept Event Action with an outgoing Interrupting
    Edge inside an Interruptible Region in UML 2.0
  • Deadline specification inside an activity and
    transition condition of type Exception in XPDL1.0
  • in XPDL 2.0 Event concept will be supported

ltDeadline Execution"ASYNCHR"gt ltDeadlineConditiongt
date lt/DeadlineConditiongt ltExceptionNamegtExName lt/
ExceptionNamegtlt/Deadlinegt ltTransition From"Ax"
Id"Trans" Name"XFailure" To"Ay"gt ltCondition
Type"EXCEPTION"gt lt/Conditiongt...lt/Transitiongt
18
UML2.0 AD?XPDL Exception Handling
  • Backward or Forward Error Recovery
  • Modeled using
  • A CallBehaviorAction stereotyped
  • FER named by the exception in case there is a
    way to go
  • BER named by the exception in case the only
    possible way is roll-back
  • Sub-Process Definition (synchronous) with
    stereotype nature indicated in description element

ltDescriptiongt FER or BER lt/Descriptiongt
19
UML2.0 AD?XPDL Concurrent Exception
  • Exception resolution in case of concurrency
  • Modeled using
  • a class diagram containing the resolution tree in
    UML 2.0
  • XMLSchema

20
UML2.0 AD?XPDL Exceptional Outcome
  • Final ActivityNode Route Activity with
    name
  • with the stereotype Exception
  • Exception and name
  • of the exception
  • signalled to the
  • enclosing context

ltDescriptiongt Exception lt/Descriptiongt
ltltExceptiongtgt
21
Conclusion and future work
  • Partial implementation of the solution
  • plugin development inside Magic Draw
  • plugin integration inside Animator tools set
  • Update to the latest MagicDraw version
  • Formalisation of the proposed solution
  • Investigate concurrent exceptions deeply
  • Take into deeply consideration XPDL 2.0
  • support for ACID properties
  • support for exception handling

22
Bibliography (1/3)
  • CGGP05 A. Capozucca, B. Gallina, N. Guelfi, and
    P. Pelliccione. Modeling Exception Handling a
    UML2.0 Platform Independent Profile for CAA. In
    Proceedings of ECOOP 2005 Workshop on Exception
    Handling in Object Oriented Systems, Glasgow
    (Scotland), Department of Computer Science.
    LIRMM Montpellier-II University,http//se2c.uni.l
    u/tiki/se2c-bib download.php?id1928, 2005.
  • DG01 E. Dubois and N. Guelfi. Demande de
    Contribution Financière pour la Réalisation dun
    Projet de Recherche EFFICIENT, Fonds National de
    la Recherche, Luxembourg-Kirchberg, Luxembourg.,
    2001.
  • EBD03 R. Eshuis, P. Brimont, E. Dubois, B.
    Gregoire, and S. Ramel. EFFICIENT a Tool Set
    for Supporting the Modelling and Validation of
    ebXML. In Proceedings of the 9th European
    software engineering conference held jointly with
    11th ACM SIGSOFT international symposium on
    Foundations of software engineering, pages
    359362,2003.
  • Esh03 R. Eshuis. Activity Diagrams as XPDL
    Specification, Draft version May 16,2003.
  • GCR04 N. Guelfi, G. Le Cousin, and B. Ries.
    Engineering of Dependable Complex Business
    Processes Using UML and Coordinated Atomic
    Actions. In Springer, editor, International
    Workshop on Modeling Inter-Organizational Systems
    (MIOS04), Larnaca, Cyprus, pages 468482, 2004.

23
Bibliography (2/3)
  • GGM05 B. Gallina, N. Guelfi, and A. Mammar.
    Structuring Business Nested Processes Using UML
    2.0 Activity Diagrams and Translating into XPDL,
    Technical Report TRSE2C-05-07 University of
    Luxembourg 2005.
  • GM05 N. Guelfi and A. Mammar. A Formal
    Framework to Generate an XPDL Specification from
    a UML Activity Diagram, Technical Report
    available on http//se2c.uni.lu/users/AM
    University of Luxembourg 2005.
  • JMN03 P. Jiang, Q. Mair, and J. Newman. Using
    uml to design distributed collaborative
    workflows from uml to xpdl. In 12th
    International Workshop on Enabling Technologies
    Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises,
    Linz, Austria, IEEE Press, pages 7176, 2003.
  • MG05 T. Mens and P. Van Gorp. A Taxonomy of
    Model Transformation (s). In International
    Workshop on Graph and Model Transformation
    (GraMoT) Tallinn, Estonia September 28,, 2005.
  • NM05 Inc No Magic. MagicDraw 9.0 Version,
    Commercial tool http//www.magicdraw.com/ , 2005.
  • Obj03 Object Management Group (OMG). Unified
    Modeling Language (UML) Superstructure version
    2.0, final adopted specification (02/08/2003).
    http//www.omg.org/cgi-bin/doc?ptc/2003-08-02,
    2003.
  • RtHEvdA04 N. Russell, A.H.M. ter Hofstede, D.
    Edmond, and W.M.P. van der Aalst. Workflow Data
    Patterns., QUT Technical report, FIT-TR-2004-01,
    Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane,
    2004.

24
Bibliography (3/3)
  • SD05 B. A. Schmit and S. Dustdar. Model-driven
    development of web service transactions. In M.
    Nuttgens and J. Mendling, editors, XML4BPM 2005,
    Proceedings of the 2nd GI Workshop XML4BPM XML
    Interchange Formats for Business Process
    Management at 11th GI Conference BTW 2005,
    Karlsruhe Germany, March 2005, pages 3954,
    http//wi.wu-wien.ac.at/mendling/XML4BPM2005/xml4
    bpm-2005-proceedings-schmit.pdf, March 2005.
  • Tud05 Tudor Research center. Animator.
    http//efficient.citi.tudor.lu/releases/ , 2005.
  • vdA03 W.M.P. van der Aalst. Patterns and XPDL
    A Critical Evaluation of the XML Process
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    FIT-TR-2003-06, Queensland University of
    Technology, Brisbane, 2003.
  • vdA04 W.M.P. van der Aalst. Business process
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    Rozenberg, editors, Lectures on Concurrency and
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  • vdAtHKB00 W.M.P. van der Aalst, A.H.M. ter
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