Demand, supply, and international mobility of human resources in Science

1
Demand, supply, and international mobility of
human resources in Science Technology

• Frédéric Sgard
• OECD Global Science Forum

2
The demand for Human Resources in ST is growing
faster than employment

• Average annual growth rate HRST occupations and
  total employment, , 1995-2004

3
Strong growth in RD personnel in most countries

• Average annual growth rate, , 1995-2005,

4
Demand for Human Resources in ST is expected to
increase further
National targets for RD spending
Source OECD, Country responses to STI policy
questionnaire, 2006 Main Science and Technology
Indicators 2006/I
5
The number of ST students has generally
increased
Number of ST students 1993-2003 average annual
change
6
But the share of ST students is often decreasing

Percentage of ST students 1993-2003 average
annual change
7
The share of women in ST studies has not caught
up yet that of men

Percentage of women in ST disciplines (2003)
New entrants
Graduates
Doctorates
50.0
45.0
40.0
35.0
30.0

25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
Korea
Japan
Turkey
Canada
Finland
France
Norway
Australia
Portugal
Denmark
Germany
Netherlands
United States
Belgium Flanders
Belgium Wallonia
8
ST students and professionals are increasingly
mobile
9
ST students and professionals are increasingly
mobile
Source National Science Fondation
10
But they are also increasingly returning to their
home country when possible
Source Mu Rongping, Chinese Academy of Sciences
11
For further information

• Evolution of student interest in ST studies
  (frederic.sgard_at_oecd.org)
• International mobility of researchers
  (ester.basri_at_oecd.org)
• Careers of doctorate holders (laudeline.auriol_at_oec
  d.org)