Maternofetal transmission of human parvovirus B19 genotype 3 in Ghana, West Africa

1
Maternofetal transmission of human parvovirus B19
genotype 3 in Ghana, West Africa
D Candotti, K Danso, A Parsyan, A Dompreh, J-P
Allain
National Blood Service, England Div. Transfusion
Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK Dept.
Obstetrics Gynaecology and Dept. Microbiology,
Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana
2
B19 infection in Ghana
82 seroprevalence in adults B19 DNA
prevalence - 1.3 in blood donors - 11.5 in
children (average age 23 months) 0.9
persistent infections - IgG only - low viral
load ( 102- 105 IU/ml) Endemic region for B19
genotype 3
3
Phylogenetic tree of full length human parvovirus
B19 genomes
Genotype 2
100
Genotype 1
100
100
3A
100
V9
100
D91.1
Genotype 3
3B
0.005 substitutions/site
4
Study design
Pregnant women plasmas (n885)
Anti-VP2 IgG
B19 DNA screening Multiplex QPCR assay
Single QPCR nested PCR confirmation
Cord blood plasmas Newborn whole blood
Sequencing Genotyping
Specific QPCR nested PCR
5
Serological and viral markers in pregnant women
Anti-VP2 IgG reactive
144/177 (81)
Confirmed DNA pos.
16/885 (1.8)
DNA load (IU/ml) Median Range
1.3E03 46 - 3.6E06
IgM reactive IgG reactive
3/16 16/16
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Maternofetal transmission
Mother
Cord blood
Newborn
Sample ID
Type
Viral load (IU/ml)
1964 2005 1655 1956 1774 1941 2246 2029 2106 1818
2196 1447 2409 2242 2143 1577
1.1E04 1.2E06 3.6E06 5.9E03 4.2E03 2.1E03 1
.5E03 1.3E03 1.2E03 1.1E03 6.5E02 5.6E02 3.3
E02 5.8E01 4.6E01 4.6E01
11000 11000 1100 lt110 lt110 lt110 lt110 lt110
lt110 lt110 lt110 lt110 lt110 lt110 lt110 lt110
11000 11000 1100000 110000 11000 110000 11
00 11000 11000 1100 11000 11000 11000 11000
1100 1100
1.1E03 2.1E06 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
lt110 11000 lt110 lt110 lt110 lt110 lt110 lt110
lt110 lt110 lt110 lt110 lt110 lt110 lt110 lt110
1.7E03 - 0 - - - - - - - 0 - 0 - - -
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
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Conclusions
B19 genotype 3 is dominant in Ghana and is
characterised by high genetic variability 2/3
cases of primary maternal B19 infection resulted
in vertical transmission No evidence that
maternal persistent B19 is vertically infectious
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Acknowledgements
Pr J.-P. Allain Dr A. Parsyan Div. of Transfusion
Medicine University of Cambridge Cambridge, UK
Dr K. Danso Dept. of Obstetrics
Gynaecology Komfo Anokye Teaching
Hospital Kumasi, Ghana
Mr A. Dompreh Serology laboratory Dept. of
Microbiology Komfo Anokye Teaching
Hospital Kumasi, Ghana
Mr C Horn Plasmacute Norway
National Blood Service England