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Climate Change and Ozone Loss

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Changes in Earth's climate over time. Factors affecting climate ... Increased incidence and severity of sunburn. Increase in eye cataracts ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Climate Change and Ozone Loss


1
Climate Change and Ozone Loss
G. Tyler Millers Living in the Environment 14th
Edition Chapter 21
2
Key Concepts
  • Changes in Earths climate over time
  • Factors affecting climate
  • Possible effects of global warming
  • Adapting to climate change
  • Human impacts on the ozone layer
  • Protecting and restoring the ozone layer

3
Past Climate Changes
  • Past globaltemperatures
  • Recent trends in global temperatures

Fig. 21-2 p. 463
4
The Greenhouse Effect
  • Greenhouse effect
  • Greenhouse gases(Refer to Table 21-1 p. 464)

Fig. 6-14 p. 110
5
Climate Change and Human Activities
  • Increased use of fossil fuels
  • Deforestation
  • Global warming
  • Melting icecaps and glaciers
  • Rising sea level

6
Projecting Future Changes in Earths Climate
  • Climate models
  • Apparent influence of human activities
  • Could be natural changes

7
Factors Affecting the Earths Temperature
  • Changes in solar output
  • Changes in Earths albedo
  • Moderating effect of oceans
  • Clouds and water vapor
  • Air pollution

8
Some Possible Effects of a Warmer World
Fig. 21-12 p. 475
9
Possible Benefits from a Warmer Atmosphere
  • Less severe winters
  • More precipitation in some dry areas
  • Less precipitation in some wet areas
  • Increased food production in some areas
  • Expanded population and ranges of some species

Refer to Fig. 21-13 p. 476
10
Solutions Dealing with the Threat of Climate
Change
Options
  • Do nothing
  • Do more research
  • Act now to reduce risks
  • Precautionary principle

Fig. 21-17 p. 479
11
Removing CO2 from the Atmosphere
Fig. 21-18 p. 480
12
Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions
  • Kyoto Treaty (1997)
  • U.S. withdraws from Kyoto Treaty (2001)
  • Other reductions in CO2

Refer to Fig. 21-18 p. 483
13
Loss of the Ozone Layer Reasons for Concern
  • Increased incidence and severity of sunburn
  • Increase in eye cataracts
  • Increased incidence of skin cancer

Refer to Fig. 21-23 p. 486
  • Immune system suppression
  • Increase in acid deposition
  • Lower crop yields and decline in productivity

14
Ozone Depleting Chemicals
  • Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
  • Halons
  • Methyl bromide
  • Carbon tetrachloride
  • Methyl chloroform
  • Hydrogen chloride

15
Former Uses of CFCs
  • Air Conditioners
  • Refrigerators
  • Spray cans
  • Cleaners for electronic parts
  • Sterilizing medical instruments
  • Fumigants for granaries and cargo ships

16
Ozone Depletion in the Stratosphere
Fig. 21-21 p. 484
17
Seasonal Ozone Layer Thinning at the Poles
  • Ozone thinning (hole)
  • Polar vortex

18
Skin Cancers
Fig. 21-25 p. 487
19
Solutions Protecting the Ozone Layer
  • CFC substitutes
  • Montreal Protocol
  • Copenhagen Protocol

Fig. 21-27 p. 489
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