Title: Designing a Virtual Operating Room for Operative Interventions under Some Pathologies of Middle Ear'
1Designing a Virtual Operating Room for Operative
Interventions under Some Pathologies of Middle
Ear. A Case of the Database
- Authors S.K. Shoukourian, A.K.Shukurian,
A.A.Avagyan, A.M. Vasilyan
ENT Department 2 Koryun str., 375025 Yerevan
State Medical University Yerevan, Armenia Tel
(3741) 56 05 94 Fax (3741) 52 96 05 E-mail
ashukuryan_at_yahoo.com
2EXPECTED ACHIEVEMENTS
- A thought simulation technology both for off-line
and on-line modes of simulation - Simulation execution of different models of a
hearing system - Easy changes of a model
- A simplicity for changing simulation algorithms
- A smooth addition of a new models, simulation
algorithms and modes - No dependence of a hearing system specific
configurations - Easy usage of different interfaces to existing
biomedical networks and telecommunication
resources
3OBJECTIVES OF THE PROPOSED RESEARCH
- Creation of a models and applications for
predication of operative interventions and
hearing function changes (a virtual operating
room) - Creation of a cheap and justified technology for
simulation algorithms and operative interventions
strategies in off-line and on-line modes and for
different abstraction levels - Creation of the theoretical methods and
algorithms for the design justification of
models (e.g., operative intervention) - Creation of an object-oriented technology base
(algorithms, program utilities and interfaces)
within the existing computer-integrated
environments and telecommunication resources - investigation of the advantages of the technology
for concrete classes of middle ear pathologies - evaluation of the correlation degree and nature
between conductive and neurasensoral violations
of hearing
4TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION
A VIRTUAL OPERATING ROOM
5ACTUALITY EVALUATION SUBSYSTEM
A MODEL GENERATION SUBSYSTEM
6TECHNICAL DESCRIPTIONA CONTROL SYSTEM FOR AN OI
PROCESS
7AN OPERATIVE FIELD
8AN INTERCONNECTION BETWEEN VIRTUAL AND REAL
OPERATING ROOMS
9TECHNICAL DESCRIPTIONA SIMPLIFIED VERSION OF
INFORMATION EXCHANGE
10AN INTERFERENCE WITH GLOBAL BIOMEDICAL NETWORKS
- automatic transmission of different medical
images and data (e.g., audiograms) and
retransmission of analysis results - using of possibilities of 3D visualization within
a virtual operating room - using of possibilities of HPC cites for
experiments with complicated models
11TECHNICAL DESCRIPTIONA MODEL OF MIDDLE EAR IN A
FORM OF INTERACTING OBJECTS
12Tympanic membrane1. normal2. attic
perforation3. edge perforation4. central
perforationMalleus and incus1. normal2.
affectionStapes1. normal2. affection of foot
plate3. no affection of foot plate
Mucous membrane1. normal2. hyperplasie3.
polyp Muscles of tympanic membrane and
stapes1. normal2. affection Eustachean tube
and mastoid processus 1. normal2. affection
Horizontal semicircular canal 1. normal 2.
affection
13A TECHNOLOGY BASEALGORITHMS AND
MODELSAlgorithms of predicationModels of
hearing organ and operative interventionsHARDWAR
EGlobal telecommunication networksSpecial
hardwareSOFTWAREUser-friendly programming
abstractionsSpecial software
14EXAMPLES OF PROBLEMS TO BE EXAMINED3D
VISUALIZATION AND PROCESSING DURING INVESTIGATION
OF A TEMPORAL BONEDETERMINATION AND
LOCALIZATION OF OTOSCLEROSIS HEARTHSSIMULATION
AND DETERMINATION OF ACOUSTIC PARAMETERS FOR
DIFFERENT TRANSPLANTATION MATERIALSINVESTIGATION
OF DIFFERENT POSSIBLE COMPLICATION OWING TO
PECULIARITIES OF A PATIENT
15STRUCTURE OF THE INFORMATION FIELD
16A METHOD OF DESIGNSTEPS OF A DESIGN PROCESS
17SYSTEM DESIGN TASKS
- Allocation defines system components for the
given functional specification - Partitioning assigns functional object to
allocated components - Refinement upgrades the original specification to
reflect the impact of a given allocation and
partition.
18INITIAL REQUIREMENTS TO THE DATABASE SYSTEM
1. An opportunity of distributed data
processing 2. Tables, which are describing
parameters of a patient examination or technique
of an operative intervention, contain too many
descriptive attributes 3. Information can be
obtained in a graphical form (for example,
roentgenograms) 4. Direct receipt of information
from a diagnostic medical equipment is
possible 5. An opportunity of real time
processing 6. Usage of data both from local and
global computer-integrated environments 7. A
differentiation of access, based on a centralized
password authorization of a user as well as on a
concept of user groups with the group rights
(medical, laboratory, administrative personnel,
patients) and a concept of groups for information
field resources (personal data, laboratory
results, diagnoses, operative interventions). 8.
Data integrity limitations implied by the
relations "single to multiple", "multiple to
multiple" and "inherence" between objects. 9.
Declarative data integrity limitations, imposed
by descriptive attributes.
19CLINICAL ASPECTS OF A VIRTUAL OPERATING ROOM FOR
PREDICTION OF OPERATIVE INTERVANTIONS UNDER SOME
PATHOLOGIES OF MIDDLE EAR
- A retrospective review of satiating meanings for
the word "virtual" in the area of computer
sciences clearly demonstrates its development
from a virtual storage, then a virtual machine to
a virtual reality, i.e. an adequate 3D framework
and an environment for a user generated by a
computer. It allows without any effort to include
and to merge a user within the mentioned
environment. The virtual reality hides reading,
writing and arithmetic and replaces it by direct,
non-symbolic environmental experience. The
problems of a virtual reality turned to be
specially important for novel complicated and
higher-precision technologies. At the same time
these technologies very rapidly become obsolete
and the main problem here is a great
contradiction between the time of determining
optimal modes and possibilities of such a
technology and the time of a new technology
creation. - This is the reason why investigations in the area
of virtual high-precision technologies are
considered as the most global and important
problems within many national and international
perspective scientific programs. All the existing
achievements in modern information technologies
and computer-integrated environments including
global networks, communication resources,
multimedia, etc. are serving to achieve solutions
for these problems.
20- On the other hand, an intensive development of a
surgical medical instrument set and tools
(microscopes, lasers, computer monitoring, etc.),
a tendency of decreasing essentially a time
interval between a new and a typical operative
intervention and a tendency of increasing
essentially a complexity of operative
interventions and a number of surgical patients
allow to ascertain as the determining for the
present and the nearest future a creation of
high-precision, complicated, computer-integrated
and, at the same time, rapidly becoming obsolete
technologies of operative interventions. - The described situation is very typical for
otosurgery which could be characterized, on one
hand, by a complexity of a miniature hearing
organ, a usage of a very high-precision
instrument set, essential contradictions among
scientific references on operative interventions
and, on the other hand, a relatively compact and
simple operative environment. - All the mentioned characteristics make otosurgery
evidently suitable for experiments on its
immersion into a computer-integrated environment.
- The planned system will make simulation and
prediction of operative interventions
transparent and empower the participant with
natural interaction. The technical challenge is
to create mediation languages and tools which
enforce rigorous mathematical computation while
supporting intuitive behavior. - The system will be based on new possibilities of
computer-integrated environments and will be
presented in a form of a virtual operating room.