Analysis%20of%20the%20Devonian%20Shale%20in%20Kentucky%20for%20Potential%20CO2%20Sequestration%20and%20Enhanced%20Natural%20Gas%20Production

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Analysis of the Devonian Shale in Kentucky for
Potential CO2 Sequestration and Enhanced Natural
Gas Production
U.S. DOE/NETL DE-FC26-02NT41442

• Brandon C. Nuttall, James A. Drahovzal, Cortland
  F. Eble, R. Marc Bustin

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Basic Research Feasibility

• CO2 sorption capacity
• CH4 displacement potential

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Why Black Shales?

• Distribution and potential storage volume
• Known producer
• Gas adsorbed on kerogen and clay
• Analogous to CBM?

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Black Shale Distribution
Modified from Ettensohn, 1998, Compressional
Tectonic Controls... in Schieber and others,
eds., Shales and Mudstones I
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Geology of Kentucky
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Shale Nomenclature
Hamilton-Smith, 1993, Gas Exploration in the
Devonian Shales of Kentucky KGS, Ser 10, Bul. 4.
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Geologic Column
3,800 /- of mixed sand, shale, and carbonate
provide adequate reservoir seal.
Composite thickness data from Knott and Leslie
County wells and Dillman and Ettensohn (1980)
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Devonian Shale Type Log, Eastern Kentucky
Upper part
Lower Huron is thought to have the most
sequestration potential.
Lower part
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Devonian Shale in Kentucky
Estimated gas in place 63 to 112 tcf
Present in subsurface gt1000 deep and gt100
thick Producing area
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Big Sandy Reservoir Info

• Completion interval gt500
• Average porosity 4.3
• Max. porosity 11
• Temperature 84oF
• Average pressure 400 psi
• Permeability lt0.1 md

Atlas of Major Appalachian Gas Plays, 1996
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Classic Production Decline
Cum 471 MMcf 26 years
Eastern Kentucky Devonian Shale Gas Production
39494
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Production Incline Suggests Adsorbed Gas
Cum 379 MMcf 40 years
Eastern Kentucky Devonian Shale Gas Production
40625
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Project Year 1

• KGS Well Sample Library
• Identified drill cuttings
• Petrology
• Sorption isotherms
• Identified optimum shale facies

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Sampling Criteria

• Minimize sample alterations
• Recent wells
• Unwashed samples
• Geophysical logs available
• Distributed over shale gas producing area

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Average Organic Content
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Average TOC
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Mean Random Reflectance
Upper oil window and wet gas/condensates
R0 random x 1.066 R0 max
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Adsorbed Gas
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Adsorption Isotherms
Ohio Shale (Undif) Upper Ohio Lower Huron Lower
Ohio
CO2 adsorbed (SCF/ton)
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Calculated Langmuir Volumes
CO2 adsorbed (SCF/ton)
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Project Year 2

• Cooperative access to new well
• Sidewall core
• ECS logging suite
• Petrology
• CO2 sorption/CH4 displacement

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CNR 24752 Elk Horn
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Sidewall Cores for CH4 Displacement
Borden
Sunbury
Berea
1
Cleveland
2
Three Lick
1
Upper Huron
1
Middle Huron
4
Lower Huron
1
Olentangy
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ECS Log

Lower Huron
Sidewall core sample locations in the Lower
Huron


Si
Ca
Fe
S
Ti
Gd

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Work Plan Year 3

• Reporting and technology transfer
• Finish long-term sorption analyses
• Implement Web data interface
• Final report

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Typical Reservoir Conditionsfor CO2 Injection
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27.6 Billion Tons CO2 Estimated
40 scf/ton thickness weighted average
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Economic Benefits

• CO2 Sequestration
• Enhanced natural gas production

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Future Research

• Demonstration project
• CO2 monitoring
• Surface soils
• Produced gas
• Reservoir simulation

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Conclusion
The organic-rich MississippianDevonian shales of
Kentucky have the potential to sequester large
volumes of CO2.
www.uky.edu/kgs