Horticulture Development- Approaches for Operationalisation of National Horticulture Mission

1
Horticulture Development-Approaches for
Operationalisation of National Horticulture
Mission
2
Diversity in Horticulture
Fruit
Flowers
Vegetables
Spices
Coconut
Cocoa
Medicinal Aromatic Plants
3
Trends in Area and Production of Fruit,
Vegetables and Overall Horticultural Crops
Overall increase in Production- 50.90
Production
Overall increase in vegetable production- 51.40
Overall increase in fruit production- 50.19
Overall increase in Area- 29.70
Area
Overall increase in vegetable area- 10.0
Overall increase in fruit area- 39.72
4
Trends in Productivity of Fruit, Vegetables and
Overall Horticultural Crops
Vegetables
Overall increase in vegetable productivity 39.
72
Fruit
Overall increase in fruit productivity 7.0
Horticultural Crops
Overall increase in productivity 17.30
5
Productivity of Horticultural Crops India
vis-à-vis World, China and Brazil
Productivity (T/Ha)
Source- FAO
6
Productivity of Fruits
Productivity Tonnes/ha.
7
Productivity of Vegetables
Productivity Tonnes/ha.
8
Export of Horticultural Commodities
Source APEDA
9
Share of India in World Horticultural Trade
Source FAO database
10
GOI Investments for Horticulture Development
16 of funds being spent in horticulture against
total plan allocation of Rs 13200 crores for X
Plan
11
GOI Investments in Horticulture during 2003-04
2004-05
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Trends in Fruit Vegetables Processing

• 0.80 of horticultural produce is being processed
• Total capacity to process fruit vegetables-
  1.75
• Only 46.04 processing capacity is being utilized

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Indian Horticulture-Strengths

• Horticulture contributes 28.5 of GDP in
  agriculture and 52 of export share in
  agriculture from cultivated area of 8.5
• Varying agrolimatic conditions permit
  cultivations of all types of crops found world
  over
• Fairly good research infrastructure available
  through, NRCs, SAUs
• Seasonal advantage for export to temperate
  countries
• Largest producer of banana, mango and cabbage
• Largest producer and consumer of cashew and
  spices
• Increasing role of private sector in research,
  seed production, PHM microirrigation
  equipments, processing and exports

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Problem Areas

• Large area under old/ senile plantation
• Poor quality of seeds/ planting material and low
  rate of replacement of seeds/ cultivars
• Lack of irrigation
• Economy of scales
• Inadequate storage and cold chain
• Inadequate research, extension and credit support
• High wastages of the produce (8-37)
• Only 0.8 of produce is processed
• Inadequate processing and marketing
  infrastructure
• Inadequate institutional support particularly in
  NE and other hilly region

15
Problem Areas- contd..

• Lack of awareness about importance of fruits and
  vegetables as nutritional supplement
• Inadequate safety standards, infrastructure for
  quality check and enforcement mechanism
• Weak database
• Ill equipped Departments in States
• Poor HRD infrastructure
• Little hedge against uncetaininty/ risks

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Need for Mission Approach

• Focused attention on horticulture
• Coordinated end to end approach
• Resolving inter sectoral issues for addressing
  problem areas and promoting multi- dimensional
  reform- research, production, processing,
  marketing and institutional
• Time bound accomplishment with a sense of urgency
• Mission Statement To double horticultural
  production to 300 million tonnes by the end of
  2011-12 from the level of 152 million tonnes in
  2001-02

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Doubling Production

• For
• Meeting increasing demand for Nutritional
  security
• Improving income of farmers
• Will lead to
• More employment
• Value addition
• GDP

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Tremendous Export Potential

• Floriculture Export Potential- Rs. 1310 crores
  against the present level of Rs. 165.8 crores.
• Medicinal Aromatic Plants- Rs. 21,500 crores
  against the present level of Rs. 80 crores.

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Demand and Consumption

• Present production of fruit vegetable
  (2001-02) 131.62 Million Tonnes
• Available after losses, processing
  exports 107.49
• Per capita availability (2001-02) 287 g
  against ICMR norms of 400 g
• Requirement of Fruit Vegetables in 2011-12 181
  Million Tonnes to
• meet ICMR norms
• Total requirement including other horticultural
• crops after meeting, losses, processing,
  exports
• (2011-12) 300 Million Tonnes

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Mission Strategy

• Improve productivity
• Post harvest management
• Processing
• Marketing
• Export

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Production Strategies- to Improve productivity
and acreage

• Commercial production for selected crops on
  cluster basis project-based approach
• Micro irrigation
• Strengthening delivery mechanism for appropriate
  seeds / nurseries / nutrients/pesticides
• Establishment of plant health clinics (Tissue /
  Leaf analysis labs)
• Hi-tech farming/precision farming
• Research extension on inputs/ farming systems/
  technologies

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Production Strategies- to Improve productivity
and acreage

• Acreage Improvement Strategy
• New gardens through development of wasteland /
  utilization of bunds / diversification from other
  crops
• Special thrust on Hill/ Island areas
• Appropriate inter-cropping
• Household gardening for vegetables and a few
  fruit trees for self-consumption
• Organic farming/contract farming
• Farmers HRD through institutional training/farm
  visits/
• Appropriate media support/experts visit to
  farmers site
• Subsidy and credit at affordable rate of interest

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Strategies- to Improve PHM

• The supply chain growing-sorting/grading-packagin
  g-storage transportation-processing-marketing
• It is indeed a web, not a chain
• Interventions
• Organise farmers groups, cooperatives on models
  including NDDB model,self-help groups, producer
  companies and other associations
• Provide for collection centres and transportation
  to local markets
• Provide for a network of cold chain
  storages/reefer vans all over the country in
  cooperative/private/ public sector

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STATEWISE COLD STORAGE CAPCITY INSTALLED (IN
TONNES)
Punjab
Arunachal Pradesh
5000
Nagaland 6150
Rajasthan
Meghalaya 3200
Gujarat
Tripura 31450
Orissa
Maharashtra
Andhra Pradesh
Karnataka

• Inadequate
• Marked regional variation

Tamil Nadu
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Strategies- to Improve Marketing

• Substantial gap between farmers share in
  consumers' price
• A number of marketing practices
• Farmer Consolidator Trader Commission
  Agent Wholesaler Retailer Consumer
• 7307 markets regulated by APMCs
• NDDB Bangalore model (transparency, cold chains,
  linkage with farmers)
• Need to provide infrastructure for local
  markets,help set up NDDB type markets
• Different markets in one location may continue to
  provide competition

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Regulated Markets in India

35
Himachal Pradesh
Punjab
437
Haryana 284


585
Rajasthan 413
40


Bihar 510

Tripura 21

Gujarat 403
M.P. 1806 Chattisgarh -177
662
Orissa 314
871
Andhra Pradesh 589
496

• Inadequate
• Regional variation
• Not well regulated

Tamil Nadu 287

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Strategies- to Improve Processing

• About 0.8 of production processed
• Processing capacity and distribution
• Processing facilities to be set up in production
  clusters
• Technology up gradation/ research required

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Food Processing Units in the Country
Punjab
Arunachal Pradesh
Haryana
Rajasthan
Nagaland
Manipur
Meghalaya
Gujarat
Tripura
Mizoram
Orissa
Andhra Pradesh
Tamil Nadu

• Uneven distribution
• To relate to production

Kerala
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Strategies- to Improve Export promotion

• APEDA approach to continue and be strengthened
• Marketing Intelligence through Ministry of
  Commerce
• Marketing research needed
• Standard development, testing facilities and
  enforcement mechanism required
• Training of farmers/ entrepreneurs

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Specific strategies for floriculture medicinal
plants

• Commercial floriculture covers only 106477 ha.
• Requires intensive skills for farming and
  marketing
• Selected areas and entrepreneurs need to be
  provided with infrastructural, financial and
  marketing support
• Medicinal plants would involve sustainable
  farming in forests and new plantations-marketing
  through specialized agencies.

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Policy Framework

• Credit policy--untimely, insufficient, high-cost
  credit
• Insurance policy--only covered under
  insurancethat too ineffective
• Taxation policy-- need for regular review of
  excise, sales tax, trade tariff
• Trade policy--FTA, WTO issues
• Legal and regulatory framework--APMC Act, MOUs
  for contract farming,Seeds Act, Food safety Act,
  Quality standardization
• Agriculture/ Horticulture policy
• Nutrition policy
• Health Policy
• Planning for key infrastructure such as link
  roads, power and water availability

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Structure of the Mission

• National
• develop overall vision
• appraisal of States and National level
  agencies' plans
• providing funds, infrastructure, technical
  support
• appropriate policy framework
• supervision, monitoring and evaluation
• State- Planning, appraisal, implementation,
  support to districts
• District- Evolve district Plans and implement

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  Mission Structure
Executive Committee Secretary (AC)-
Chairperson Secretaries of concerned Ministries/
Experts/ Farmers representative-Members Mission
Director (AS)- Member Secretary
General Council Agriculture Minister-
Chairperson Ministers/ Secretaries of concerned
Ministries/ Experts/ Farmers representative-Membe
rs Mission Director (AS)- Member Secretary
NATIONAL
Mission Secretariat Horticulture Division  
TECHNICAL SUPPORT GROUP  
STATE HORTICULTURE MISSION
STATE
General Council Minister (Horticulture/Agriculture
)- Chairperson Ministers/ Secretaries of
concerned Ministries/ Experts/ Farmers
representative/ State level cooperatives/
National Mission Representative- Members State
Mission Director-Member Secretary
Executive Committee Chief Secretary/ APC-
Chairperson Secretaries of concerned Ministries/
Experts/ Farmers representative/ State level
cooperatives/ Central Nominees -Members State
Mission Director - Member Secretary
District Mission Committee DC/ Collector-Chairman
Farmers Group/ SHGs/ District level cooperatives-
Members DHO- Member Secretary
DISTRICT
Block Level- Extension Officers/ Cooperative
Societies Village Level- Extension Officers/
Cooperative Societies
BLCOK VILLAGE
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General Council (G.C.) of the National
Horticulture Mission (NHM)

• Composition
• GC under Chairmanship of Agriculture Minister
  and Ministers of Commerce, FPI, SSI, RD, ST
  Indigenous System of Medicines Representatives
  from GOI/ State Governments/Experts/ Farmers /
  Organizations will be Members with Additional
  Secretary Mission Director as Member Secretary.
• Role
• Guide development of policy framework for
  promotion of horticulture
• Monitor progress from time to time

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National Level Executive Committee (EC) of the
National Horticulture Mission (NHM)

• Composition
• EC will work under the Chairmanship of
  Secretary (AC) and Secretaries of concerned
  Departments from GOI Representative of National
  Level Organizations Experts/ Farmers will be
  Members with Additional Secretary Mission
  Director as Member Secretary
• Role Functions
• To approve the Perspective Plan and Annual
  Action Plan of the States and National Level
• To monitor the performance of the approved
  programmes /projects with Mission assistance.
• To provide support to the entire range of
  activities for promoting horticulture.
• To provide coordination among different agencies
  concerned with the Mission objectives.
• To approve norms of assistance to promote
  different types of activities under the Mission.
• To evolve appropriate policies for promotion of
  horticulture in the country.  

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Secretariat of Mission

• Functions of the Secretariat
• Existing Horticulture Division to be strengthened
• To appraise Plans received from the States and
  the national level agencies/organizations for
  assistance from the Mission.
• To release funds to the State Missions and
  implementing agencies on clearance of the
  Integrated Finance Division as per the Action
  Plan approved by the E.C.
• To arrange capacity building programmes for the
  states by organizing regional workshops in
  respect of different horticultural products.
• To organize supervision and monitoring of various
  activities of the Mission.
• To organize studies to support supervision,
  monitoring and evaluation of the
  programmes/projects.
• To be represented on the State Missions and
  attend its quarterly meetings.
• To provide administrative and technical support
  to the G.C. and the E.C.

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Technical Support Group

• TSG will
• Assist the Secretariat will be located in NHB
• Mount six monthly supervision of Mission
• Evaluate Mission Meet biannually
• Conduct crop/ regional studies
• Organize capacity building seminars
• Assist States in preparing Plans
• Document success stories for cross State learning
• Visit States frequently and arrange technical
  support
• Provide media support to the Mission

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State Level Structure

• A registered Society facilitate fund flow and
  flexibility to the system
• Society will have
• General Council which will work under the
  Chairmanship of State Agriculture/ Horticulture
  Minister and Ministers of Concerned Ministries
  Representatives from GOI/ State
  Governments/Experts/ Farmers/ Organization will
  be Members with Additional Secretary Mission
  Director as Member Secretary
• Executive Committee will be Chaired by Chief
  Secretary/ APC with members from concerned
  sectors/ organisations/ experts/ user
  representatives with Secy. (Hort) as Member
  Secretary.

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Functions of the State Level Society

• Prepare Perspective and State Level Action Plan
  in consonance with Missions goals and objective.
• Organize/ conduct of base-line studies in
  different parts (District, sub-District or a
  group of Districts) to determine the status of
  horticultural production, post-harvest
  management, processing and marketing of different
  horticultural products.
• Provide assistance to the Farmers Societies,
  NGOs, State level institutions as per norms and
  plans approved by the National Mission.
• Organize conduct of studies to support to support
  supervision, monitoring and evaluation of the
  programmes.
• To provide coordination among different agencies
  concerned with different aspects of horticultural
  development, namely, production, post-harvest
  management, processing , marketing and RD.
• To evolve appropriate policies in connection with
  development of horticulture in the State.

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District level Committee

• Composition
• District level Committee will work under
  Collector/C.E.O Zilla Parishad and Distt.
  Officers of RD/ SSI /Marketing Representative(s)
  of Distt. Level Cooperative Society as Member(s)
  with Distt. Hort./Agri Officer Member Secretary
• Role
• Generation of information
• Preparation of action plan
• Execution of the programmes
• Monitoring of fund utilization
• Provide coordination among different agencies.

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Fund Flow Mechanism

• The E.C of the National Mission will approve the
  Plans submitted by the State Mission Societies
  and National level organizations based on the
  appraisal done by the Mission Secretariat.
• Research proposals will be first vetted by a
  National Advisory Committee under the
  chairmanship of Director General, ICAR or his
  representative, before being submitted to the
  E.C. at the National level.
• Funds will be released once the Plans are
  approved, to the concerned agencies in suitable
  installments by the Secretariat of the Mission
  with FAs approval.

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Involvement of Organizations

• NHB
• Other directorates/ subordinate offices
• NCDC
• NAFED
• DMI
• ICAR
• SFAC
• NRCs (ICAR)
• MFPI
• AYUSH
• Roles to be redefined

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Current On Going Schemes

• Integrated Development of Coconut including
  Technology Mission on Coconut-CDB
• Development of Commercial Horticulture through
  production and post harvest management- NHB
• Capital Investment Subsidy Scheme for Cold
  Storage and Storage- NHB
• Integrated Development of Horticulture in Tribal/
  Hilly Area
• Technology Mission for the Integrated Development
  of Horticulture in North Eastern States Including
  Sikkim -extended to JK, H.P Uttaranchal during
  X plan.
• Human Resource Development in Horticulture
• All the Schemes to form part of the Mission
• Centre-State fund pattern to be decided
• States not to reduce their level of expenditure
  below the current level

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Norms for Assistance
46
Norms for Assistance

• 5 assistance to States for meeting cost on
  project formulation, over head expenses
• Executive Council of National level Mission will
  revise the norms in the light of emerging
  experiences

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Fund requirement during X Plan (2004-5 to 2006-7)
and XI Plan under NHM
 
(Rs. in crores)

• Available in 10th Plan- Rs. 2105 crores
• Gap to be met through funds from external donor
  agencies

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Expected Outcome

• Double horticultural production of 300 million
  tonnes
• Per capita availability of fruits and vegetables
  will be 459 g/ per person/ day
• Horticulture sector will generate approximately
  497 crores man days of employment
• Increased farm income
• Increased horticultural export
• Increased contribution to GDP