An%20Overlay%20Multicast%20Infrastructure%20for%20Live/Stored%20Video%20Streaming

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An Overlay Multicast Infrastructure for
Live/Stored Video Streaming

• Visual Communication Laboratory
• Department of Computer Science
• National Tsing Hua University

2
Outline

• Live video broadcasting
• Typical service model
• Limitations
• Our goals
• Overlay multicast infrastructure
• Our previous works
• Multicast video streaming
• Peer-to-peer search delivery
• Scalable video coding

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Live Video Broadcasting

• Techniques
• Live video encoding
• Multicast delivery
• Commercial products
• Windows Media Services (Microsoft)
• Real System Server (Real)
• QuickTime Streaming Server (Apple)

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Service Architecture
Stream Server (VOD)
Stream Server (Live)
Encoder
Storage
Internet
(Live Broadcast)
(VOD)
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Multicast Routing Tree
Client A (1000)
Client B (1000)
Client C (1000)
Client D (1000)
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Common Solution Prefix Caching
Prefix cache
4
1
2
3
C1

• Permanently cache the front part of the video.
• Clients request before (the start time the
  length of the prefix) can see the entire video
  program.

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Multicast Prefix Caching
Client A (1000)
Client B (1000)
5 min
Client C (1000)
(1005) queue the stream
(1010) read data from the buffer
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Limitations

• Must know the video source in advance.
• Need router support. (IP multicast)
• Cannot pass through firewall/NAT.
• Users arrive after the system startup time cannot
  view the front part of the video.
• Prefix caching is not perfect.

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Scenario Request Playback

• User input
• Service mode (live/on-demand)
• Video attributes
• Peer-to-peer search
• Streaming
• Overlay multicast
• Payment (?)
• By service mode (VOD gt live) (from server gt from
  p2p)
• By video (popular gt unpopular) (bit rate)
• By search method (advanced gt basic)

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Request flow
distributed query
input service mode query rules
init multicast
video stream
peer 0
EPG
peer 1
Search
Player
peer 4
meta data
P2P
peer 3
peer 2
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Topics in this project

• Overlay multicast
• Peer-to-peer infrastructure
• Performance optimization
• Two-mode multicasting
• Live broadcasting (real-time)
• On-demand streaming (see the entire video)

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Advanced Topics (?)

• Advanced electronic program guide
• Intelligent search
• Personal profile
• Ambiguous keyword search
• Melody / scene search
• Distributed / continuous query
• Matchmaker (?)
• Meta datas
• Creation/collection/distribution
• Format (?) (object-based?)

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Our Previous Works

• On-Demand Multicast Streaming Delivery Platform
• Technology and Systems
• Peer-to-Peer Streaming Video (Directory Search)
• Proxy-based Streaming Video
• Multicast streaming platform for layered videos

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On-Demand Multicast Communications
1000
1002
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
Source
1000
1004
1000
1003
1000
Node with timing control
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Interval Caching
Caching buffer
1
2, 1
4, 3, 2, 1
1
5, 4, 3, 2, 1

• Cache a sliding interval of the video.

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Timing Control Mechanism
1000
1000
1003
1005
2, 1
3
4
5
6
7
To player D, 1005
4, 3, 2, 1
To player C, 1003
To player B, 1000
7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1
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On-Demand Multicast Routing
source
1006
1003
1002
1000
Network

• Constructing an on-demand multicast tree
• find a routing path
• allocate buffers to generate path delay

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Playback (with Directory Server)
directory server
Source
1
3
Proxy
4
7
IE
2
5
8
module.exe
6
module.exe
Client
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Playback (Peer-to-Peer)

1. find a source
2. find a routing path
3. allocate buffers

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P2P v.s. Proxy Platform
Media Player
Media Player

• Mgmt. GUI
• Network Mgmt.
• QoS Reservation
• Proxy
• Protocol
• Replacement
• Chaining

Video Streaming (HTTP)
Video Streaming (HTTP)
Virtual File System (Media Query) (Information
Delivery)
Proxy
Selection Chaining
Cache Replacement
Network Mgmt.
IP Networks
IP Networks
QoS
Proxy-Based
Peer-to-Peer
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Fault Handling
Source
One of the clients faults Auto reconfiguration
1130
1130
1140
1140
1143
1144
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Scalable Video Coding
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Heterogeneous Network Bandwidth
Server
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End-to-end Layer Subscription with Bandwidth
Constraint
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Demo System
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GUI (Media Player)
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GUI (Management)