Pollutants in wastewater -- Revisited - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Pollutants in wastewater -- Revisited

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4 - 10% thick liquid (special pumps) 0 - 4 % liquid (can irrigate or flush) ... Thermal (Heat to evaporate water) Note: this can also apply to sludge treatment ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Pollutants in wastewater -- Revisited


1
Pollutants in wastewater -- Revisited
  • Ammonia
  • Organic matter
  • Nutrients
  • Pathogens
  • Color
  • Metals
  • and SUSPENDED SOLIDS

2
Suspended solids
  • Reduce water clarity
  • Cloudy, gray
  • Settle out interfere with aquatic life
  • Clog soil and equipment

3
Solids content
  • 20 - 25 handle as solid
  • 10 - 20 slurry (handling varies)
  • 4 - 10 thick liquid (special pumps)
  • 0 - 4 liquid (can irrigate or flush)

4
Changing the solids content
  • Dilution
  • Add water
  • Farm sources cleaning water, waterer overflows
  • Thickening
  • Add dry bedding (straw, woodchips)
  • Solids separation technologies
  • Dewatering

5
Dewatering calculations
  • Mass balance Mass in mass out
  • Mass Concentration x Volume
  • Examples

6
Preliminary / Primary Treatment
  • Physical separation of solids from water
  • Methods
  • Force of gravity
  • Barriers, screens, or filters
  • Thermal (Heat to evaporate water)
  • Note this can also apply to sludge treatment

7
Overview of methods
  • 1. Examples
  • 2. Important Management Factors
  • 3. Enhancement technologies

8
Force of Gravity examples
  • Settling or sedimentation basin
  • Primary clarifier
  • Septic tank

9
Force of Gravity management
  • Residence time
  • (avoid short circuiting)
  • Stillness
  • (avoid turbulence, avoid gas generation)
  • Solids removal
  • (routinely remove solids for further
    treatment and disposal)

10
Force of Gravity enhancements
  • Increase particle size
  • 1. Flocculation / coagulation aids
  • 2. charged particles / multivalent ions
  • Increase force of gravity
  • example centrifuge
  • Decrease particle density
  • example Dissolved air flotation

11
Barriers examples
  • Bar racks
  • Wire screens
  • Hydrosieve
  • Fabric filter
  • Sand aggregate filter

12
Barriers management factors
  • Clean the barrier
  • (manual or automatic)
  • Repair filter media
  • Replace filter media
  • Scheduling
  • (of cleaning, repair, replacement)

13
Barriers enhancements
  • Increase particle size (coagulation)
  • Pressure
  • Vacuum
  • Series of barriers

14
Thermal treatment examples
  • Drying
  • Incineration
  • Thermal desorption (low heat to volatilize
    organics)
  • Freezing

15
Thermal treatment management
  • Heat source or fuel
  • (gas, biogas, solar electricity, etc.)
  • Insulation
  • Air pollution

16
Thermal enhancements
  • Use waste heat from other processes
  • Use heat exchangers to conserve heat
  • Use natural heating processes (ex composting)
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