Project Quality Management

1
Project Quality Management
2
How PMI Defines Quality

• Quality is defined as conformance to requirements
  and fitness of use.

3
PMPs Approach to Quality

• Shows up in the way PMP defines Quality
• Talks about Gold-Plating (PMP doesnt believe in
  giving customer extras - consider that only 26
  of projects succeed)
• Puts more weight-age on Prevention over
  Inspection. (Quality Must Be Planned In, Not
  Inspected In!)
• Responsibility Entire organization is
  responsible- Team members for their work Project
  Manager has ultimate responsibility for project
  output Overall quality is the responsibility of
  the Senior Management.

Source Rita Mulcahy, PMP Exam Prep
4
Identify Quality Standards
Following up
Monitor specific project results
Quality Planning is done concurrently with other
project planning activities
Evaluating overall performance on a regular basis
to satisfy quality norms
Quality Planning is done concurrently with other
project planning activities
Source PMBOK 2000
5
Differentiating Among Planning, Assurance and
Control Activities
Source Rita Mulcahy, PMP Exam Prep
6
Quality ProcessesQuality Planning
Your plan to manage quality

• Quality Planning
• Identify which quality standards are relevant to
  the project and determine how to satisfy them.
  Quality Planning should be performed regularly
  and in parallel with the other project planning
  processes.
• ________________________
• TOOLS
• Benefits/Cost Analysis
• Benchmarking
• Flowcharting
• Design of experience
• Cost of Quality

Quality Policy
Standards and Regulations
Quality management plan
Products Descriptions
Operational definitions
Scope Statement
Inputs for Other Processes
Other Process Outputs
Checklists
Inputs
Process
Output/Deliverables
7
Quality ProcessesQuality Assurance
How well is the project meeting quality standards
of the company

• Quality Assurance
• Involves following up to make sure everything is
  done correctly and fulfills the requirements of
  the project. Quality assurance may be provided by
  the project team or any other stakeholder
  responsible for maintaining or assisting with the
  maintenance of quality for the project.
• ________________________
• TOOLS
• Quality planning tools and techniques
• Quality audits

Quality Mgmt plan
Operational definitions
Results of quality Measurement
Quality Improvement
Inputs
Process
Output/Deliverables
8
Quality ProcessesQuality Control
p. 398
Inspect each deliverable for quality

• Quality Control
• Monitoring specific project results to determine
  if they comply with relevant quality
  standards/guidelines that are required in the
  quality management plan, and identifying ways to
  eliminate causes of unsatisfactory performance.
• __________________________________________________
  ___________
• TOOLS
• Inspection
• Control Charts
• Pareto diagrams
• Statistical sampling
• Flowcharting
• Trend analysis

Completed Checklists
Work results
Quality Management Plan
Products Descriptions
Quality Improvements
Operational Definitions
Checklists
Acceptance Decisions
Rework
Process Adjustments
Completed Checklists
Inputs
Process
Output/Deliverables
9

• Impact of Poor Quality
• Increased Costs
• Low Morale
• Lower Customer Satisfaction
• Increased Risk

Source Rita Mulcahy, PMP Exam Prep
10
Impact of Good Quality Planning

• Project is efficient
• Less Inspection
• Less cost for rework
• Less cost for non-conformance.

11
Grade Vs. Quality

• Toyota produces different grades of cars.
• Each of them have good quality.
• Lexus is the highest grade.

12
Example

• P. 378

13
Cost of Conformance Vs. Cost of Non-Conformance

• Cost of Conformance
• Quality Training
• Studies
• Surveys

• Cost of Non-Conformance
• Rework
• Scrap
• Inventory Costs
• Warranty Costs

Source Rita Mulcahy, PMP Exam Prep
14
Quality Tools (Basic Seven)

• Flowcharting
• Cause-and-Effect diagrams (Fishbone diagram)
• System or Process Flow Charts
• Benefit/Cost Analysis
• Benchmarking
• Design of Experiments
• Cost of Quality
• Conformance and Non-Conformance

p. 383
Source PMBOK 2000
15
Fishbone Diagram
Source PMBOK 2000
16
Sample Process Flowchart
Source PMBOK 2000
17
Quality Tools (Basic Seven)

• Quality Assurance
• Quality Auditing
• Lessons Learned
• SWOT of quality management process

Source PMBOK 2000
18
Quality Tools (Basic Seven)

• Quality Control
• Inspection
• Measuring, Examining, Testing
• Control Charts
• Rule of Seven
• Pareto Diagrams
• A small number of causes produces the majority
  of the defects
• Statistical Sampling
• Flowcharting
• Trend Analysis

Source PMBOK 2000
19
Control Chart
Source PMBOK 2000
20
Pareto Diagram
Source PMBOK 2000
21
Exam question 1

• Quality is
• Meeting and exceeding the customers expectations
• Adding extras to make the customer happy
• Conformance to requirements and fitness of use
• Conformance to managements requirements

Source Rita Mulcahy, PMP Exam Prep
22
Exam question 2

• A project team member comes to the PM during
  project execution
• to tell him that they feel the project cannot
  meet its quality
• standards. The PM calls a meeting of the affected
  
• stakeholders to work through the problem. Which
  step of the
• quality management process is the PM in?
• Quality assurance
• Quality analysis
• Quality control
• Quality planning

Source Rita Mulcahy, PMP Exam Prep
23
Exam question 3

• Which of the following BEST describes the result
  of
• an increase in quality?
• Increased productivity, increased cost
  effectiveness, decreased cost risk
• Increased productivity, decreased cost
  effectiveness and increased cost risk
• Increased productivity, increased cost
  effectiveness and increased cost risk
• Increased productivity, decreased cost
  effectiveness and decreased cost risk

Source Rita Mulcahy, PMP Exam Prep
24
Exam question 4

• In planning your project, which would generally
• have the highest priority quality, cost or
  schedule?
• Cost is more important, quality next, and then
  schedule
• Quality is more important than cost and schedule
• Schedule is most important, quality next, and
  then cost
• It is situational and must be decided by the
  project objectives

Source Rita Mulcahy, PMP Exam Prep
25
Reference

• PPT slides Version 1 Aashish Anchlia, Christian
  Keim, Fredrik Elvhede, Edgar Robles
• Version 2 Edited by Kanabar
• Head First PMP by Greene and Stellman
• PMP by Rita Mulcahy
• PMBOK 3 by PMI