Lect' 1 : Introduction to Communication and Media

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Lect. 1 Introduction to Communication and Media
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• Communication - process that allows beings - in
  particular humans - to exchange information by
  one of several methods.
• It requires symbols - languages -such as
• (i) speaking or singing, (ii) nonverbal, (iii)
  physical means, such as body language, sign
  language, touch or eye contact.
• Level of Communication
• many levels (even for one single action), in
  many different ways, and for all beings, and some
  machines.
• Dimensions
• Content (what type of things are communicated)
• Source (by whom)
• Form (in which form)
• Channel (through which medium)
• Destination/Receiver (to whom)
• Purpose/Pragmatic aspect (with what kind of
  results)

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• Communication as information transmission
• processes of information transmission governed
  by three levels of semiotic rules
• Syntactic (formal properties of signs and
  symbols),
• pragmatic (concerned with the relations between
  signs/expressions and their users) and
• semantic (study of relationships between signs
  and symbols and what they represent).
• Therefore, communication is a kind of social
  interaction where at least two interacting agents
  share a common set of signs and a common set of
  semiotic rules. (This commonly held rule
  essentially ignores autocommunication, including
  intrapersonal communication via diaries or
  self-talk).

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• In a simplistic model, information or content
  (e.g. a message in natural language) is sent in
  some form (as spoken language) from a emissior
  /sender/encoder to a destination/receiver/decoder.
  In a slightly more complex form a sender and a
  receiver are linked reciprocally.

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• Forms of Communication
• Non-verbal
• Nonverbal communication - act or emotional
  meaning .
• Interchanging thoughts, opinions or information
  without the use of words, using gestures sign
  language, facial expressions and body language.
• Language
• Language is a syntactically organized system of
  signals, such as voice sounds, intonations or
  pitch, gestures or ,
• written symbols which communicate thoughts or
  feelings.

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• Mass media
• Mass media is a very large audience (typically at
  least as large as the whole population of a
  nation state). mass society.

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• Channels / Media
• The beginning of human communication through
  artificial channels, i.e. not vocalization or
  gestures, goes back to ancient cave paintings,
  drawn maps, and writing.
• Dominant communication medium divides history
  into the following stages
• (i) Ideographic writing produced the first
  civilization alphabetic writing,

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• The second printing,
• The third electronic recording and broadcasting,
  
• The fourth and computer communication,
• The fifth mobile devices, involves ad-hoc
  organization through, allowing for effective
  many-to-many communication and social networking

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• Electronic media
• A revolution in telecommunications providing new
  media for long distance communication. The first
  transatlantic two-way radio broadcast occurred on
  July 25, 1920 and led to common communication via
  analogue and digital media
• Analog telecommunications include traditional
  telephony, radio, and TV broadcasts.
• Digital telecommunications allow for
  computer-mediated communication, telegraphy, and
  computer networks.

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• Communications media impact more than the reach
  of messages.
• Thomas Edison had to discover that hello was the
  least ambiguous greeting by voice over a
  distance previous greetings such as hail tended
  to be garbled in the transmission.
• Modern communication media now allow for intense
  long-distance exchanges between larger numbers of
  people (many-to-many communication via e-mail,
  Internet forums). On the other hand, many
  traditional broadcast media and mass media favor
  one-to-many communication (television, cinema,
  radio, newspaper, magazines).

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• Media may refer to various aspects
• In communication
• Recording media, devices used to store
  information
• Print media, communications delivered via paper
  or canvas
• Electronic media, communications delivered via
  electronic or electromechanical energy
• Multimedia, communications that incorporate
  multiple forms of information content and
  processing
• Hypermedia, media with hyperlinks
• Digital media, electronic media used to store,
  transmit and receive digitized information

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• Published media, any media made available to the
  public
• Mass media, all means of mass communication
• Broadcast media, communications delivered over
  mass electronic communication networks
• News media, mass media focused on communicating
  news
• News media (United States), the news media of the
  United States of America
• Media meshing, the act of combining of multiple
  communication mediums to enrich an information
  consumer's experience
• New media, media that can only be created or used
  with the aid of modern computer processing power

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