Paul Hentges

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Paul Hentges

• 2010 Emission Changes
• Engine availability

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Overview
Emissions Standards

• Since 1994 significant reductions in PM NOx
• True 2010 emission standard 0.2 g NOx and 0.01g
  PM.
• EPA 2010 not expected to be moved out
• Implementing the emission rules for heavy-duty
  engines is going smoothly and will be a reality
  in 2010. Were on track.
• - Dale Kemery EPA Spokesperson
• Currently no additional EPA emissions regulations
  after 2010

1994
500 PPM (6/93)
5.0
20
1998
4.0
38
SULFUR
2002
NOx g/hp-hr
2.5
52
2007
1.2
ULSD 15 PPM (9/06)
83
2010
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.01
0.10
90
PM g/hp-hr
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There are Two ways to met the new standards
In-Cylinder with Advanced Exhaust Gas
Recirculation (EGR)

• Evolutionary change
• Compliant with NFPA 1901 -2009 standards
• Mature technology with proven track record
• All chassis configurations are maintained
• Oil change interval and regeneration operations
  unchanged
• ASTM compliant biodiesel fuels are expected to be
  compatible
• Transparent to customer

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The SCR Solution More complex and more hardware

• SCR Selective Catalytic Reduction
• A vehicle emissions control technology to reduce
  diesel engine emissions for passenger cars, light
  heavy duty trucks. Reduces NOx using a reducing
  agent by converting NOx into nitrogen, water and
  tiny amounts of carbon dioxide.

• DEF Diesel Exhaust Fluid
• A solution of 32.5 automotive-grade urea and
  67.5 purified water used in the SCR process
  also referred to as AUS32

32.5 Urea
100 DEF Diesel Exhaust Fluid
67.5 Water
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Overview of SCR
How SCR Works

• Exhaust

Intake Throttle Valve
NOx PM
Doser
P
T
T
T
NOx
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC)
Diesel Particulate Filter(DPF)
N2
H2O
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SCR components
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Urea Temperature Control Cold Climates
Urea freezes _at_ -11C (12F)

• Tanks and system will require insulation
• Heating devices in winter climates.

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Frozen DEF will not render a vehicle unusable.
Diesel Exhaust Fluid / Add Blue

• The freezing point of DEF is 11 to 12 degrees F
  (turns to slush)
• SCR system is designed to provide heating for the
  DEF tank and supply lines
• If DEF freezes, start up and normal operation of
  the vehicle is not inhibited
• DEF is not damaged or destroyed if it is frozen
  and is fully usable when thawed

Expansion Volume
Engine Coolant Lines Inside Tank
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Urea Temperature Control Hot Climates
Urea begins to break down _at_ 30C (85F)

• Urea tank requires shielding from direct sunlight
• Begins to break down over 85F, and gives off
  toxic ammonia gas at 130F
• Vehicles sitting in the heat may need to be
  drained

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DEF is not difficult to use.
Diesel Exhaust Fluid / Add Blue

• DEF consumption is expected to be approximately
  2 of fuel consumption dependent on vehicle
  operation.
• 50 gallons of fuel 1 gallon consumption of DEF
• Minimum tank size recommendation 6 gallons for
  clear BOC

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DEF is not toxic.
Diesel Exhaust Fluid / Add Blue

• DEF is a non-toxic, non-polluting and
  non-flammable substance
• It may have a slightly pungent odor similar to
  ammonia
• SCR systems are designed fully compatible to DEFs
  properties
• When used properly, DEF poses no real hazards
• It is Corrosive to aluminum

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Vehicle Performance/Operation

• SCR system will detect when an improper fluid has
  been put in the Diesel Exhaust Fluid tank

• When improper or contaminated DEF is detected,
  the following inducement will be employed
• 25 engine derate
• 55 mph speed limit imposed
• After 1,000 miles or 20 hours of operation
  without remedy a more significant action will be
  initiated in which the vehicle speed will be
  limited to 5 mph provided one of the following
  conditions are met
• after refueling diesel tank
• vehicle stationary for more than 1 hour
• after restart

Malfunction Indicator Lamp

• Under no circumstances will the engine be
  shutdown due to running the vehicle out of DEF or
  putting the improper fluid in the DEF tank

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Cost for DEF / Add Blue
Diesel Exhaust Fluid

• DTNA currently pays 2.61 per gallon for DEF on
  our test units
• Purchased through similar channels that will be
  used by fleets in 2010.

2.61/gallon
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DEF Storage and Injection System
MD 13 23 Gallon DEF Tank Mtg
19mm fillerneck (smaller than diesel nozzle)
DEF Dosing Pump
MD CBOC 6 Gallon DEF Tank
Based on 2.5 dosing rate Using EPA 2.31 fuel
fill ratio
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MD 1-Box Understep ATS

• Pros
• Clear BOC solution
• Lightest weight
• Cons
• LH fuel tank only

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EPA10 Clear Back of Cab (CBOC)
Vertical or Horizontal Tailpipe
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Engine Availability

• IH Maxxforce 7L,9L,10L,11L,13L,15L
• Freightliner-106 - Cummins 8.3L
  112-MBE-4000 - 1st Qtr. up to 410hp
  DD13 - 2nd Qtr. on, up to 410hp
• KW T-300-PX-8.3L
  T-800 ISL-8.9L ISX in 12L 15L
• Spartan Cummins C, L, X -Looking _at_ IH
• HME Cummins C, L, X -Looking _at_ IH

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More Information on SCR
FactsAboutSCR.com

• What you will find there
• Third Party information about SCR Technology
• Recent 2010 Emission Press Releases
• Diesel Exhaust Fluid developments