Title: ServiceLearning Theory Development Presenters: Prof'Alfred Chan Cheung Ming Dr' Carol Ma Hok Ka Dire
1Service-Learning Theory DevelopmentPresenters
Prof.Alfred Chan Cheung MingDr. Carol Ma Hok
KaDirector, Office of Service-Learning,
Lingnan UniversityService-Learning
Coordinator, Office of Service-Learning, Lingnan
University E-mail Address sscmchan_at_ln.edu.hk/
carolma_at_ln.edu.hkTel 2616 8059Office GE
103Web-site www.ln.edu.hk/osl
2Agenda
- History of Service-Learning in US
- Concept of Service-Learning
- Experimental Learning Theory (ELT)
3History of S-L from 1800s
- Land Grant Institution (Pioneer)
- To promote the liberal and practical education
for industrial class - To integrate the real life elements of
agriculture and the mechanic arts into
traditional scientific and classical studies
4Before 1950s
- John Dewey (1903)
- To form the intellectual foundations to
service-based learning - - Thought its Subject-Matter
- To develop a new education method in Chicagos
school
5Before 1950s
- Cooperative Agricultural Extension Work, 1914
- A service with applications of both research
knowledge and demonstrations - Certain communities
- National level
61960s
- The Retired and Senior Volunteer Program (RSVP)
- College work-study programs (1965)
- Service-Learning (1966)
- Atlanta Service-Learning Conference (1969)
- S-L an integration of the accomplishment of the
tasks which meet human needs with conscious
educational growth
71970s
- Youth Conservation Corps
- Summer Program every year
- To allow young people to learn, work and earn
together by conducting projects in public land - National Student Volunteer Program (1979)
- To draw the public attention in support of
service-learning and the contributions volunteers
making in efforts to improve student learning
81970s
- The National Center for Service-Learning (1979)
- To provide quality service-learning opportunities
for all students - To suggest Three Principles of Service-Learning
(Robert Sigmon) - Those being served control the services provided
- Those being served become better able to serve
and be served by their own actions - Those who serve also are the learners and have
significant control over what is expected to be
learned.
91980s
- Wingspread Conference 1989
- Ten principles of Good Practice in
Service-Learning were produced by over 70
organizations
101990s-Today
- Office of National Service
- National and Community Service Act
- National Level
111990s-Today
- Michigan Journal for Community Service-Learning
(MJCSL, 1994) - To promote the service-learning among the
tertiary education - Theory
- Practice
- Method
- relevant research
121990s-Today
- Significance
- To give service-learning an academic legitimacy
- To offer a better understanding of
service-learning for both teaching staffs and
students
131990s-Today
- The first National Gathering on service-learning,
1995 - Significance To expand S-L network to the
internet - Invisible College
- The Campus Compact
- The Feinstein Institute for Public Service
- University of Colorado Peace Studies Center
141990s-Today
- The first international conference (Berkeley,
2000) - National Level Worldwide Level
- Around 350 researchers presented and shared their
experience from the updated findings at the level
from K-12 education to tertiary education
151990s-Today
- Today, service-learning plays a key role in the
American education system. - In recent years, more and more countries begin to
adopt this kind of teaching approach in order to
provide an all-round education for the next
generations. - Source
- http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service-learning
- Annotated History of Service-Learning (1862-2002)
16Philosophical based of Service-Learning
- Society is best built with helping each other
- Serving others to serve our own
- Service to learn learn to service
17Service--Learning
- Service and Learning are equally important in
the program - Service-Learning combines rigorous academic study
with voluntary community service (credits and
curriculums integrated) - Living Laboratories
- What does Service mean?
- What does Learning mean?
18Service
- Meaning of the Service To serve others
- Nature of the Service Social/ Environmental/
Political/ etc - Methods of providing service individual
based/group based/ community based/ etc -
-
19Learning
- Meaning of Learning To serve others
- Nature of the Learning Social Learning Theory/
Experimental Learning Theory/etc - Methods of learning One-One work/ group work/
community work/etc
20Experiential learning Theory (ELT)
- A Concept developed by John Dewey (1938)
- Often cited by advocates of Service-Learning (
Boyer 1983, 1987b Clark Welmers, 1994 Lipka,
Beane OConnell, 1985) - Two principles
- The principle of continuity
- The principle of interaction
21ELTguide the overall design and implementation
of Service-learning Program
- Facilitate a reciprocal relationship between
practice and learning - The learnt knowledge and skills will be
reinforced and strengthen during the practice
experience
22- The Experiential Learning Model
Concrete Experience
Experimental Learning Cycle
Testing implications of concepts in
new situations
Observations and Reflections
Formation of abstract Concepts and
generalizations
23Where to go from here?
- Theories development own theory, method and
evaluation/ outcomes - Relationship between service and learning in
practice ( frequency and quality and quantity) - Curriculum-integration and specific S-L curricula
( Modes/ formats)
24