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Korean Romanization and Word Division

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Korean/Chinese Team. RCCD. Library of Congress. Session Summary: ... There are 51 letters (jamo) in the Korean alphabet: 14 simple consonants. 5 double consonants ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Korean Romanization and Word Division


1
KoreanRomanization and Word Division
  • Young Ki Lee
  • Senior Cataloging Specialist
  • Korean/Chinese Team
  • RCCD
  • Library of Congress

2
  • Session Summary
  • Romanization and Word Division is designed to
    provide trainees with basic understanding of the
    Romanization and Word Division Rules for Korean
    language and the related rule interpretations.
    The session provides introduction of
    McCune-Reischauer system and 1997 edition of
    ALA-LC Romanization Korean Table. The trainees
    are prepared through basic study of guidelines
    and interpretations to create Romanized data on
    bibliographical records.
  • Learning Objectives
  • At the end of this session trainees will be able
    to
  • Define the structure of Korean Script
  • Consult and use McCune-Reischauer system and
    ALA-LC Romanization Korean Table
  • Apply the guidelines in the creation of new
    bibliographic records
  • Recognize situations in Romanization and Word
    Division in which librarian must exercise
    judgment in the application of the guidelines.

3
Hangul
  • The Korean alphabet was invented in 1444 and
    promulgated it in 1446 during the reign of King
    Sejong, the fourth king of the Choson Dynasty.
  • The alphabet was originally called Hunmin chongum
  • Korean linguist Chu Si-gyong brought the modern
    name for the alphabet, Hangul, in use in 19th
    century

4
Notable features of Hangul
  • There are 51 letters (jamo) in the Korean
    alphabet
  • 14 simple consonants
  • 5 double consonants
  • 11 consonants clusters
  • 10 simple vowels
  • 11 diphthongs

5
14 Simple Consonants
  • Normal
  • ? k/g
  • ? n
  • ? t/d
  • ? l/r
  • ? m
  • ? p/b
  • ? s
  • ? /ng
  • ? ch/j
  • ? h
  • Aspirated
  • ? k
  • ? t
  • ? p
  • ? ch

6
Double Consonants
  • ? kk
  • ? tt
  • ? pp
  • ? ss
  • ? tch
  • ? ?
  • ? ?
  • ? ?
  • ? ?
  • ? ?
  • ?

7
Simple Vowels and Diphthongs
  • ? a
  • ? ya
  • ? o
  • ? yo
  • ? o
  • ? yo
  • ? u
  • ? yu
  • ? ui
  • ? i
  • ? ae
  • ? yae
  • ? e
  • ? ye
  • ? oe
  • ? wi
  • ? ui
  • ? wa
  • ? wo
  • ? wae
  • ? we

8
Three Categories of jamo
  • Initial (??, ??) The consonants before the
    vowels. All five doubled jamo can be placed here.
  • Position top, left, or upper-left corner of the
    syllabic block.
  • Medial (??, ??) The vowels comprising the
    syllable nucleus.
  • Position middle of the syllable block if there's
    a final, otherwise at the right or bottom.
  • Final (??, ??) The consonants after the vowels.
    All basic jamo can occur as finals, and the
    silent initial ? is pronounced ng in final
    position.
  • Position bottom, right or lower-right corner of
    the block.

9
Combined Syllables
10
Syllable Stacking Rules
  • A syllable that consists of a consonant and a
    "vertical vowel" is written with the consonant on
    the left and the vowel on the right
  • ? ? ?
  • A syllable that consists of a consonant and a
    "horizontal vowel" is written with the consonant
    on top and the vowel underneath
  • ? ? ?
  • If a syllable has a consonant, vowel, and
    consonant, the final consonant, called patch'im
    (meaning "supporting floor" in Korean) goes to
    the bottom -- or floor -- of that syllable.
  • ? ? ? ?
  • ? ? ? ?
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