Modern Substation Automation Extended Use of the Standard from the Process Bus up to the Control Center

1
Modern Substation AutomationExtended Use of the
Standard from the Process Bus up to the Control
Center

• Authors Klaus-Peter BrandABB Switzerland
• Ivan De Mesmaeker
• Outgoing Chairman of CIGRE B5ABB Switzerland

8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat,
November 9-12, 2008
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Table of Contents - On-goings Level of
integration Standardisation Typical bay and
station level IEC 61850- Use of IEC 61850-
Process bus- Communication between/outside
substation- Conclusions
8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat,
November 9-12, 2008
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On-goings Level of integration
8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat,
November 9-12, 2008
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On-goings Standardisation- Typical bay/station
level types
BCS671
BPS 571 Bay Protection Solution
BCS 671 Bay Control Solution

• On supplier side
• On utility side

8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat,
November 9-12, 2008
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On-goings Standardisation- Typical bay/station
level types

• Required functionality and performance per bay
  (Impact on specification)
• Lessons learned from CIGRE
• Specification functional oriented
• Away from box to box approach
• Functionality realised as near as possible to
  the primary processReference CIGRE Brochure
  329Guidelines for specification and evaluation
  of Substation Automation Systems

8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat,
November 9-12, 2008
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On-goings Standardisation / IEC 61850
Importance of Logical Nodes
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November 9-12, 2008
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On-goings Standardisation / IEC 61850
Important IEC61850 Files in SCL with predefined
contents

• .scd
• describing the complete station including
  topology, communication and logical nodes
• .icd
• describing device capability, pre-defined IED
  configuration or a project specific instant of a
  IED configuration
• .ssd (subset of SCD)
• containing topology and the SA functionality
  (LNs...) without concrete IEDs to run the
  functionality

8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat,
November 9-12, 2008
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Prerequisite Substation Configuration Language
On-goings Standardisation / IEC 61850
Topology
SCD
COMMUNICATION
Logical Nodes
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November 9-12, 2008
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Contents of a SCD file
On-goings Standardisation / IEC 61850
E1 Voltage level 110kV
Q2 line bay / feeder
Q1 line bay / feeder
WB1 Busbar 1
WB2 Busbar 2
QB1
QB2
QB1
QB2
IED -SB1 S1CSWI1
IED -SB1 S1CSWI1
QA1
QA1
QE1
QC1
QE1
QC1
XW1
Communication Subnetwork
8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat,
November 9-12, 2008
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Longevity of initial investment
On-goings Standardisation / IEC 61850
Reuse of know-how engineering
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November 9-12, 2008
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Use of IEC 61850 - Impact on specification -
Impact on documentation e.g. Signal Naming
- Impact on engineering Defined files (SCL
files) Importance of the System
Integrator (integration of third party) -
Impact on testing Testing facilitiesReference
CIGRE Brochure 326Introduction of IEC 61850
and its impact on Protection and Automation
within Substations
8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat,
November 9-12, 2008
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On-goings Standardisation- IEC 61850
Engineering process based on SCL data exchange
IED Configured IED Description file (CID)
IED Configuration Description (ICD)
System Configuration Description (SCD)
System specification description (SSD)
8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat,
November 9-12, 2008
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Use of IEC 61850 - Impact on specification -
Impact on documentation e.g. Signal Naming
- Impact on engineering Defined files (SCL
files) Importance of the System
Integrator (integration of third party) -
Impact on testing Testing facilitiesReference
CIGRE Brochure 326Introduction of IEC 61850
and its impact on Protection and Automation
within Substations
8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat,
November 9-12, 2008
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Impact on testing Testing facilities
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November 9-12, 2008
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Impact on testing Testing facilities

• Example Test your IED without a SCADA System
  available.
• Get a quick indication whether an IED is
  configured
• Connect any IEC 61850 IED
• Send commands with SCADA like command dialogs
• Receive display reports in process event list
• Trace communication

Testing Commissioning Engineer
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Explore Ethernet
Explore IEDs
Use Case Explore Ethernet Standalone IED testing
Inter Bay Bus
IED
IED
IED
IED
Process Bus
Process Interface
Process Interface
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November 9-12, 2008
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Process busInformation exchange between the
substation system (bay level) with the HV
equipment- Voltage and current samples IEC
61850-9-2 LE (80 s/cycles 4 kHz)- Switch
position- CommandsMerging unit Conv.
CT/VT conversion Bundling of samples (bay), f,
synch.
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November 9-12, 2008
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Process bus
IEDs with LN instances without/with Process Bus
Protection IED
Protection IED
PDIS
PDIS
PDIS
PDIS
PTOC
PDIS
PTOC
PDIS
PTRC
PTRC
with Process Bus
XCBR
TVTR
TCTR
Merging Unit IED
hardwired
Breaker IED
XCBR
TVTR
TCTR
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November 9-12, 2008
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Process bus
Samples as values in SI units (SV)
TRIP (GOOSE)
Protection Device
Process bus
The Samples acc. to IEC 61850 Are independent
from the instrument Transformer/Sensor
Technology !!!
Independency from sensor technology
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November 9-12, 2008
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Process bus
CIGRE Paris 2008 Business advantages due to the
CT/VT economy
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November 9-12, 2008
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Process bus
Ethernet ring
Bay
Control
Protection 1
Protection 2
The process bus shall not jeopardize the
requested independency of Main 1 and Main 2 !
Breaker IED
Combined NICT (U,I)
Circuit br. IED
Merging Unit MU (U,I)
Primary technology
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November 9-12, 2008
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Conventional and Non-Conventional ITs
Conventional Instrument Transformers (CIT) are
based on the transformer principle delivering
analog currents as 1 A or 5 A and analog
voltages as 110 V or 220 V. The capacitive
voltage divider may also seen as CIT since they
deliver voltage signals in the same order.
Non Conventional Instrument Transformers
(NCIT) are based on non-transformer principles
i.e. on electro-optical effects, and the
resulting voltage and current signals depending
on the physical principle. The Rogowksi coil may
also seen as NCIT since it delivers not I but
dI/dt. The derived voltages and currents
are preferable delivered as serial telegrams (IEC
61850-9-2).
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Serial connection of NCITs and CITs
For the variety of the measuring principles of
NCITs a serial fiber optic link according to IEC
61950-9-2 is necessary ? as common
denominator for all these principles.

• For CITs a serial fiber optic link according to
• IEC 61950-9-2 is beneficial because of
• ? reduction of cabling
• complete galvanic decoupling
• enabling new applications (future paper)

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Merging Units
Interface between any proprietary serial or
non-conventional hard-wired link for analog
values and IEC 61850 is the so-called Merging
Unit (MU) typically used for NCITs. Interface
between conventional, hardwired CITs is the
so-called Stand-Alone Merging Unit (SAMU). The
Merging Units deliver current and voltage as
samples according to IEC 61850-9-2
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Migration from CIT to NCIT
Migration from CITs to NCITs requires the
exchange of IEDs with conventional (analog)
inputs by IEDs with non-conventional (serial)
inputs IED Intelligent Electronic Device In
the examples IEDs are protection relays as
transformer protection or line protection
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Different stages of protection IEDs
Mixed Mode with SAMU
Pxxx
Full process bus Protection IED
Legacy Protection IED
Pxxx
Pxxx
SAMU
A/D
A/D
3I, 3U
Pxxx
3I, 3U
3I, 3U
A/D
Mixed Mode in Protection IED
IEC 61850-9-2
3I, 3U
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Transformer differential protection with mixed
mode
NCIT specific interface (Cu or fibers)
IEC 61850-9-2
CIT specific interface (conventional Cu wires)
NCIT
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Transf. diff. protection with mixed and full PB
mode
NCIT specific interface (Cu or fibers)
IEC 61850-9-2
CIT specific interface (conventional Cu wires)
NCIT
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Communication between substations
Principle IEC 61850 (GOOSE, SV, etc.) in / IEC
61850 (GOOSE, SV) out Communication equipment -
Has to guarantee performance and data integrity -
Has to support priorities, to provide quality
attributes and health info. (IEC 61850-90-1
draft)
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November 9-12, 2008
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Communication between substations
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Communication outside the substation
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• Conclusions
• Philosophy and spirit of IEC 61850 not only
  inside the Substation Use of the IEC 61850
  concept (Logical nodes) in other domain
• Advantages Better understanding (data
  model) Engineering and testing facilities (SCL)
• Openess for future extensions Openess for
  process bus Fully use of the advantages given
  by the new technology
• Importance of the system integrator taking the
  responsability (integration of third party)

8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat,
November 9-12, 2008
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Conclusions
Simulation (Tool)
IED
Simulation (Tool)
IED
ICD Files
Maintenance (Tool)
IED
System Integration/ Engineering (Tool)
SCD File
System Refurbish- ment (Tool)
Maintenance
FAT
SAT
Upgrade (Tool)
Switchyard Single Line
SSD File
Test (Tool)
Ref. PACWORLDWinter 2008Brand
Functions allocated
Test (Tool)
Specification
8th Symposium on Power System Management Cavtat,
November 9-12, 2008