Geographic Information Systems Application and Reaserch Opportunities for Information Systems Reseac

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Geographic Information SystemsApplication and
Reaserch Opportunities for Information Systems
Reseachers

• Proceeding of the 29th Annual Hawaii
  International Conference on Sciences
• Brian E. Mennecke , Martin D. Crossland

Presented by Wenyueh Chiu Computer Net LAB in
NCTU CIS
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Outline

• GIS definition
• GIS characteristics
• GIS applications
• GIS research opportunities and trends

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GIS Definition

• Computer based system
• Provide tools to manipulate data
• The data us referenced to an accurate
  cartographic representation of objects in space

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GIS Characteristics(1/2)

• Support the production of maps
• Digitizing paper maps
• Generating maps
• Collecting map coordinates

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GIS Characteristics(2/2)

• Spatial database management
• Collect and manage spatially defined data
• Geocoding
• Query data based on spatial creteria
• The display of spatial data
• Spatial analysis

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GIS Applications(1/8)

• Four core function
• Spatial visualization
• Database managemant
• Decision modeling
• Design and planning

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GIS Applications (2/8)
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GIS Applications (3/8)

• Survey and mapping
• Automated mapping (AM)
• Problems
• Defining positional accuracy
• Attribute accuracy
• Completeness

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GIS Applications (4/8)

• Facilities managemant (FM)
• Key functions
• Spatial visualization
• Database managemant
• Historical or transaction(real-time) data
• Represent the spatial arrangement of data elements

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GIS Applications (5/8)

• Market analysis
• Key functions
• Database managemant
• Decision modeling
• To understand customers
• Relationship between the components of the market
• Customers, suppliers, competitors

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GIS Applications (6/8)

• Logistics and transportation problems
• Key functions
• Decision modeling
• Platform of
• Performing decision modeling
• Display the results of analyses
• Application in this area

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GIS Applications (7/8)

• Strategic decision making
• Access to data
• Analytic and modeling tools
• Communication support

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GIS Applications (8/8)

• Design and planning
• Engineering, drafing and design tasks
• Used in
• Landscape engineering
• Enviroment restoration
• Commerical and residential construction
  development
• Host of other design and planning activities

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GIS Research Opprtunities and Trends

• Development
• Adopting and implementing GIS
• Management and Use of GIS
• Impacts of GIS

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GIS Research Opprtunities and Trends
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Developing GIS (1/2)

• Whether will GIS be accepted and used
• GIS development
• Cost/benefit process
• Research in
• Public sector organizations
• technical
• Behavioral factors affecting success

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Developing GIS (2/2)

• Systematic study of GIS
• User acceptance
• Pedagogical issues associated with education in
  GIS principles.

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Managing and Using GIS (1/4)

• GIS and human factors
• CIS supported
• Manipulation and analysis of spatial data
• Display characteristics
• Tools
• How humans perceive and mentally process data on
  maps
• Colors, patterns, representations

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Managing and Using GIS (2/4)

• Task characteristics
• Task structure
• Information symmetry
• Complexity
• Individual cognitive characteristics

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Managing and Using GIS (3/4)

• Data Managemant and GIS technology
• Database design
• Data acquistion
• 3-D data visualization
• Multimedia systems

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Managing and Using GIS (4/4)

• Decision making and collaboration
• Efficacy and efficiency
• Compared with paper maps
• Collaboration function
• Planning and project Managemant
• Most well developed

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Impacts of GIS (1/3)

• Organizational impacts
• Organizational patterns of information exchange
• Change of power and political structures

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Impacts of GIS (2/3)

• Societal impacts
• Public policy, political application
• In underdeveloped countries
• Cultural difference
• Data accessibility
• User education
• Political systems influence GIS use
• Effectiveness and diffusion

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Impacts of GIS (3/3)

• Errors and misrepresentation
• Spatial data
• Demographic data
• Legal liability for data purveyors
• Abuse and misrepresentation
• Increased access to data pertaining to private
  citizens/organization

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Conclusions

• Moving quickly into the private sector
• Impact of GIS should be examed