Canadian Perspective on POPs Air Research

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Canadian Perspective on POPs Air Research
Monitoring

• Arctic Contaminants Action Program Meeting
• Ottawa, Sept. 17, 2009
• Dr. Catharine Banic
• Science Technology Branch

Acknowledgements Tom Harner, Jianmin Ma,
Hayley Hung, Nick Alexandrou, Liisa Jantunen, Sum
Chi Lee, Mahiba Shoeib, , Fiona Wong, Terry
Bidleman Yi-Fan Li
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Regulations
Policy Decisions
Public and Policy Community Awareness
National / International Assessments
Research and Knowledge Scientific Literature
Long Term Systematic Observations
Process and Methodology Studies
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Integrated with

• Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme
• Northern Contaminants Program
• United Nations Environment Programme
• Stockholm Convention of POPs
• Convention on Long Range Transboundary Air
  Pollution
• Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Air
  Pollution
• International Polar Year
• INCATPA
• Circumpolar Flaw Lead
• North American Agreement on Environmental
  Cooperation
• Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement
• Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999
• Chemicals Management Plan

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Core Media for the GMP (Global Monitoring Plan)

• Air
• Human Tissues
• (other media if available)

1st GMP report presented at COP4 in May 2009!
and every 6 years thereafter
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Domestic Air Monitoring

• Integrated Atmospheric Deposition Network (IADN)
  and the Northern Contaminants Program (NCP).

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No Significant Trend for Endosulfan-I at Alert
Hayley Hung et al., Arctic Assessment Report
2009, AMAP.
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Flame Retardants (PBDEs) CMP chemical
2002 2003 2004
2005

• Started to monitor for PBDEs at Alert in 2002
• Increasing tendencies were found for 8 major
  PBDEs
• Air concentrations double in 2-6 years similar
  to those observed in Arctic wildlife

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• Canada in context of global levels
• GAPS originated in Canada in 2004/05 50 sites
  capacity building
• GAPS is the only global-scale program reporting
  to the Global Monitoring Plan (GMP) of the
  Stockholm Convention on POPs.
• Quarterly (PUF-disk) and yearly (XAD) integrated
  air sampling.
• Target analytes legacy POPs and emerging
  chemicals (endosulfan and other CUPs PCNs
  PFASs PBDEs DPlus alternative FRs)

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SEndosulfans (2005/06)
Range 0.2 to 25940 pg/m3
Anarctica
?Endosulfans Endosulfan I Endosulfan II
Endosulfan sulfate
BDL below detection limit
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Long-range Transport (LRT), Climate and POPs
trends
Effectiveness Evaluation
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Gridded global g-HCH soil residues (t cell-1) in
2005 with 1º1º latitude/longitude resolution
Li et al. North America-China Lindane Project
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Ratios of g- HCH deposition due to sources from 4
major regions to total deposition due to entire
global sources
a) China, b) India, c) Europe without FSU, and d)
FSU Li et al. North America-China Lindane
Project
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Contributions to g-HCH deposition in the Arctic
from China, India, the Former Soviet Union (FSU),
and Europe (without FSU) in 2005
Li et al. North America-China Lindane Project
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Investigating persistent organic pollutants
(POPs) and mercury (Hg) entering the Canadian
Arctic from the Pan-Pacific Region

• Coordinated air measurements of POPs and Hg with
  researchers around the Pan-pacific area
• Build on existing air pollutant monitoring
  networks
• Couple measurements with computer models to
  describe pollutant transport
• Assess effect of climate change on amounts and
  movement of pollutants into the Arctic.

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INCATPA Site Map for POPs/Hg
6-Country Collaboration Canada, Russia, China,
Vietnam, Japan, U.S.A.
POPs only, 8 sites
Hg only, 4 sites
POPs Hg, 3 sites

• International Collaborations
• AMAP (Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme)
• IPY CFL (Circumpolar Flaw Lead Systems Study)
• IADN (Integrated Atmospheric Deposition Network)

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First Large-scale Interlaboratory Comparison for
Atmospheric POPs EMAP and AMAP are planning to
use this intercomparison as a model for upcoming
intercomparisons
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Climate Change Context

Observed Temperature Trends In Canada (1948-2003)
Average annual temperature change, the X
indicates where the trends are statistically
significant. Source ASTD, Climate Research
Division.
Percentage Change in Precipitation
1948-2003 Source ASTD Climate Research division
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CUPs in Arctic Ocean Surface Water, 2007-08, pg/L
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Canadian Overview
Through the Northern Contaminants Program, Canada
supports an integrated POPs monitoring and
research capability in the Arctic. The
monitoring of and research into domestically
regulated and candidate POPs is supported through
the Chemicals Management Plan. Canada supports
domestic, regional and global air monitoring
programs for POPs and process research to better
understand environmental cycling of POPs. These
measurement programs are integrated with modeling
and meteorology expertise. Canadian programs
take part in capacity building, including QA/QC
activities.
Thank you, merci