Programme on Solar Water Heaters Solar Thermal Division Ministry of New

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Programme onSolar Water Heaters Solar
Thermal Division Ministry of New Renewable
Energy20th November, 2009
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Solar Resource in India

• 5000 trillion kWh solar radiation incident over
  India in a year
• Daily solar radiation 4 - 7 kWh per sq. m.
• Most parts of the country receive solar radiation
  sufficient enough to effectively utilize solar
  energy systems
• Typically, 1.5 to 2.0 hectare of open space
  required for one mega watt solar power plant.
• On 1 land area of India about 15,00,000 MW
  capacity solar plants can be setup

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Major Advantages

• - Long Life (More than 20 years)
• - Low Maintenance- High Reliability- Modular
  Nature
• - No Recurring Fuel Requirement - No Emission
  of Pollutants
• Limitations
• - High Initial Capital Cost
• - Need for Storage
• - O M Issues

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Approach

• Generate energy near point of consumption .
• Expansion of decentralized off-grid applications
  to save conventional fuel through deployment of
  solar water heaters, industrial process heat
  systems, solar cookers, solar dryers and air
  heating systems.
• Promotion of green buildings aimed at to improve
  energy efficiency of the envelop and integration
  of solar energy devices/ systems into the
  building design.
• RD activities aimed at to develop new
  applications, cost reduction and improving
  reliability.
• Grid power generation at multi megawatt scale in
  11th plan to generate experience and create
  volumes expected to grow once costs start
  reducing.

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Solar Thermal Technology

• Solar thermal collectors capture solar radiation
  and converts it into heat for various useful
  applications.
• Solar thermal technologies developed for number
  of applications
• Solar water heating
• Solar cooking
• Solar air heating and drying of agricultural,
  food and other products
• Space heating and cooling
• Steam generation
• Electric power generation

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Solar Thermal Energy Systems
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Solar Water Heating Systems Salient Features

• A commercially viable technology
• Can provide hot water at 60-80oC. Integrated with
  storage tank electrical back up.
• Saves electricity or furnace oil
• Pays back cost in 3 - 4 years.
• Suitable for homes, hotels, hospitals, hotels,
  guest houses, institutions, dairies, industry
  etc.
• Techno-economic potential 40 million sq. m. of
  collector area i.e. 2 billion liters of hot water
  per day

FPC based system
ETC based system
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Solar Water Heating SystemsEnergy Savings

• A 100 lpd system
• - Replace an electric geyser of 2 kW capacity
• - Saves around 1200 units of electricity in
  homes or
• - Saves around 140 liters of diesel/ furnace
  oil in a year in industries commercial
  establishments
• 1 lakh systems installed in a city can result in
  100 MW of peak load shaving if 50 of the
  domestic systems are assumed to be in use at a
  time,
• 40 million sq. m. potential could lead to peak
  load shaving of 14,000 MW (70 systems in homes)
  apart from saving of enormous amount of
  electricity fossil fuels in homes other
  establishments besides abating CO2 emissions in
  atmosphere

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Solar Water Heating Systems Financial Provisions

• Interest subsidy to provide loans _at_
• 2 to individuals
• 3 to institutional users
• 5 to commercial users
• Interest free loans to domestic users of N-E,
  Hilly states, Islands Chattisgarh, Jharkhand
  Uttrakhand.
• Capital subsidy equivalent to upfront interest
  subsidy of Rs. 1750 for institutions Rs. 1400
  for commercial establishments. For housing
  complexes _at_ Rs. 1900/ sq. m. of collector area
• Special demonstration projects in States of NE,
  JK, Islands at sites of high visibility to
  promote

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Solar Water Heating Systems Measures taken by
States/MCs

• Model amendment to building byelaws issued in
  1993 to make solar water heaters mandatory in
  functional buildings
• Status so far
• 21 States issued GOs for amendment in building
  bye-laws
• Bye-laws amended/ GOs issued
• Karnataka (1), Gujarat (1), W.B.(1),
  Maharashtra (10),
• A. P. (18), UP (10), Chatisgarh(1)
• Rebate in electricity tariff
• Rajasthan , Karnataka, West Bengal,
  Assam,
• Haryana Uttarakhand. Maximum
• Rebate in property tax
• Thane, Amravati, Nagpur Durgapur ( 6-
  10)
• Capital subsidy by States
• Delhi (Rs. 6,000/ per 100 LPD system)

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Solar Water Heating SystemsProgressive
Achievements Plans

• 10th Plan 1.25 million sq. m.
• 4.50 lakh sq. m. during 2007-08. 5.5 lakh sq. m.
  in
• 2008- 09, 3.0 million sq. m. total so far
• Perspective Plans 5 million (11th Plan) 20
  million by 2022 40 million by 2030
• 64 BIS approved manufacturers of FPCs 65 MNRE
  approved suppliers of ETC systems
• Progress is not as per the desired level

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Solar Water Heating SystemsMajor Issues

• Installation of inappropriate capacity
• Integration of conventional system with SWH
  system
• Systems design keeping heat mass transfer
• principles in mind pressure drop pumping
  power-
• pipe size and its arrangements etc.
• System engg. With water quality compatibility
  of
• materials with water quality ( SSsaline water
  )
• Welding damages to materials
• Designing the system for sub zero temperatures

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Major Issues - Continued

• Absence of information system
• Difficulties in getting soft loan from Banks
• - Few Branches are eligible for providing soft
  loan
• - Subsidy amount is adjusted only after
  receiving the funds
• from IREDA
• Repairing Maintenance facilities not easily
  available
• Limitations of Nodal Agencies Tech.
  Infrastructural

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Solar Water Heating SystemsAction Plan 2009-10

• NEW INITIATIVES
• Best Practices are being evolved
• Supply chain to be improved Creation of help
  line for users
• HRD in repairing maintenance - ITI curriculum
• Energy Audit of some big and important cities
  Potential of SWH
• Concentration on Few Cities Survey of 33 Cities
  being taken up
• Tourist areas coverage in hill states
• Tapping potential in selected Industries
  Sericulture, Textile, Tea

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Solar Water Heating Systems

• ACTIVITIES TO BE CONTINUED
• Central Ministries State Deptts. to be directed
  to mandate their establishments for installation
  of solar water heaters
• Amendment of building bye-laws to continue
• Builders Developers to be pursued to
  incorporate systems in new building housing
  complexes
• Planned publicity awareness campaign including
  organization of solar fairs in residential
  colonies
• Efforts to be made on easy availability of loans
  rebate in property tax/ electricity tariff

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Solar Steam Generating Systems

• Suitable for community kitchens other
  applications including sterilization laundry in
  hospitals
• Comprise of automatically tracked parabolic
  dishes.
• Worlds largest system installed at Shirdi for
  cooking food for 20,000 people/ day
• A 92 tonne air conditioning plant with 60 dishes
  recently commissioned at TVS Suzuki factory near
  Chennai. A few more under installation.
• A typical system of 100 sq. m. area costing Rs.
  12-14 lakhs can save around 4,500 litres of
  diesel per year
• Support up to 50 available from MNRE
• Payback period is around 4 yrs with Govt. support

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Solar steam cooking system at
Tirupati for 15,000 people
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Solar Steam Cooking System at Leh (Inside
view)
Kitchen before solar system
Kitchen after solar system
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Solar Steam System at Global Hospital, Mount Abu

• - Installed by Brahmakumaris in 2003.
• - 20 dishes systems, each of 12.6 sq. m. area
• - Generates 1200 kg of steam per day at around
  180c
• - 60 of steam being used for sterilization
  in laundry rest for cooking
• - System functioning since then satisfactorily

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Solar Steam system at a Laundry

• 240 sq. m. solar dish system installed at Gajraj
  Cleaners, Ahmed Nagar, Maharashtra for washing
  cleaning
• System hooked up with existing boiler is
  generating about 105 kg of steam per hour at 5 kg
  pressure
• Installed in 2004 is functioning satisfactorily
• Annual saving through furnace oil is around
  10,000 liter/yrs
• Paid back the cost in 4 yrs with depreciation
  benefit
•  

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Large Size Solar Dish for Steam Applications

• Being installed on demonstration basis at
  present
• Fully automatically tracked dish with 160 sq. m.
  area
• Generates about 100-120 kg of steam per hour
  depending on location sunshine
• Costs Rs. 45-55 lakhs per dish
• Pay back 5 to 6 years with Rs. 12, 000 as CFA
  from MNRE

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Biogas Plant based on Kitchen Wastes
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Small Scale Biogas Plant Developed by BARC for
Kitchen/ Food Wastes
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Wet Garbage Treatment Plantat HAL, Banglore.
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Canteen Waste Treatment, Mahindra Mahindra Ltd.
Mumbai
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Kitchen / Canteen Waste Treatment Plants
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• Thank you
• MNRE website www.mnre.gov.in

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Thank You www.mnre.gov.in