Old Testament Overview Segment A Introduction and Overview

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Old Testament OverviewSegment AIntroduction
and Overview
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TaNaKh

• Torah
• Teaching/Law
• Neviim
• Prophecy
• Kethuvim
• Writings/Poetry

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Jeremiah 361-2,4In the fourth year of Jehoiakim
the son of Josiah, king of Judah, this word came
to Jeremiah from the LORD, saying,  "Take a
scroll and write on it all the words which I have
spoken to you concerning Israel and concerning
Judah, and concerning all the nations, from the
day I first spoke to you, from the days of
Josiah, even to this day...Then Jeremiah called
Baruch the son of Neriah, and Baruch wrote on a
scroll at the dictation of Jeremiah all the words
of the LORD which He had spoken to him.
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Luke 2427 - Then beginning with Moses and with
all the prophets, He explained to them the things
concerning Himself in all the Scriptures. Luke
2444 - Now He said to them, "These are My words
which I spoke to you while I was still with you,
that all things which are written about Me in the
Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms must
be fulfilled."
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Acts 2823 When they had set a day for Paul,
they came to him at his lodging in large numbers
and he was explaining to them by solemnly
testifying about the kingdom of God and trying to
persuade them concerning Jesus, from both the Law
of Moses and from the Prophets, from morning
until evening.
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Romans 154For whatever was written in earlier
times was written for our instruction, so that
through perseverance and the encouragement of the
Scriptures we might have hope.
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Romans 1625-27 Now to Him who is able to
establish you according to my gospel and the
preaching of Jesus Christ, according to the
revelation of the mystery which has been kept
secret for long ages past, but now is manifested,
and by the Scriptures of the prophets, according
to the commandment of the eternal God, has been
made known to all the nations, leading to
obedience of faith to the only wise God, through
Jesus Christ, be the glory forever. Amen.
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II Timothy 314-17You, however, continue in the
things you have learned and become convinced of,
knowing from whom you have learned them, and that
from childhood you have known the sacred writings
which are able to give you the wisdom that leads
to salvation through faith which is in Christ
Jesus. All Scripture is inspired by God and
profitable for teaching, for reproof, for
correction, for training in righteousness so
that the man of God may be adequate, equipped for
every good work.
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Scientific Accuracy

• Stars cannot be counted ? Jeremiah 33.22
• Earth hung upon nothing ? Job 26.7
• Earth is round ?Isaiah 40.22
• All rivers run into the sea ?Ecclesiastes 1.7
• Ocean currents ?Psalm 8.8
• Earth is wearing out ?Isaiah 51.6 Psalm 102.26
  (2nd law of thermo.)
• 8th day circumcision ?Genesis 17.12 (blood clot)

Taken from Why I Believe Sean Finnegan,
www.KingdomReady.org
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Transmission

• A synagogue roll must be written on the skins of
  clean animals.
• Prepared for the particular use for the synagogue
  by a Jew.
• These must be fastened together with strings,
  taken from clean animals
• Every skin must contain a certain number of
  columns equal throughout the entire codex

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• The length of each column must not extend over
  less than 48 or more than 60 lines and the
  breadth must consists of 30 letters
• The whole copy must be first lined an if three
  words be written without a line it is worthless
• The ink should be black, neither red, green nor
  any other color, and be prepared according to a
  definite recipe
• An authentic copy must be the exemplar from which
  the transcriber ought not in the least deviate

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• No word or letter, not even a yod must be
  written from memory, the scribe not having looked
  at the codex before him
• between every consonant the space of a hair or
  thread must be intervene
• Between every parasharh or section, the breadth
  of nine consonants
• Between every book, three lines
• The fifth book of Moses must terminate exactly
  with a line, but the rest need not do so.

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• Besides this, the copyist must sit in full Jewish
  dress,
• wash his whole body
• not begin to write the name of God with a pen
  newly dipped in ink
• and should a king address him while writing that
  Name, he must take no notice of him.
• Samuel Davidson, HTOT, pg 89

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• When a manuscript had been copied with the
  exactitude prescribed by the Talmud and had been
  duly verified it was accepted as authentic and
  regarded as being of equal value with any other
  copy.

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• Thus far from regarding an older copy of the
  Scriptures as more valuable, the Jewish habit has
  been to prefer the newer as being the most
  perfect and free from damage.

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The absence of very old copies of the Hebrew
Bible need not, therefore either surprise of
disquiet us. Frederick Kenyon, Our Bible and
the Ancient Manuscripts, pg. 43
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Of the most remarkable manuscripts are those of
the Dead Sea Scrolls, which date from the third
century BC to the first century AD. They include
one complete Old Testament book (Isaiah) and
thousands of fragments, which together represent
every Old Testament book except Esther.
Norman Geisler, BECA, pg 549
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Though the two copies of Isaiah discovered in
Qumran Cave I near the Dead Sea in 1947 were a
thousand years earlier than the older dated
manuscript previously known (AD 980), they proved
to be word for word identical with our standard
Hebrew Bible in more than 95 of the text. The
5 of variation consisted chiefly of obvious
slips of the pen and variations in spelling.
They do not affect the message of revelation in
the slightest Gleason Archer, SOT, pg 23-35
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Thus in one chapter of 166 words (Isaiah 53)
there is only one word (three letters) in
question after 1000 yrs of transmission and
this word does not significantly damage the
meaning of the passage Burrows, TOSS, pg 304
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Archaeology

• It may be stated categorically that no
  archaeological discovery has ever controverted a
  Biblical reference. Scores of archaeological
  findings have been made which confirm in clear
  outline or exact detail, historical statements in
  the Bible.
• Archaeologist Nelson Glueck, RDHN, pg 31
• (Reformed Jewish Scholar)

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Archaeology has shown us the following

• Sodom and surrounding cities existed and where
  they did now remains sedimentary rock that was
  highly heated and plentiful brimstone levels
• Jerichos walls fell outwardly (they usually
  would fall inwardly)
• Cities described in the Bible uncovered as
  described in the Bible.
• References in artifacts to Biblical characters
  and things such as David, Goliath, Hezekiah, the
  Temple of the LORD, and even Biblically recorded
  battles.
• - McDowell, NETDAV, pg 94-98

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In Review

• Purpose of class overview of the OT,
  chronological
• The OT is broken down into areas of history, law,
  prophecy and poetry and other writings
• Source for OT Eyewitnesses and also God told men
  what to write down
• The OT is important for the Christian and NT
  reader
• The OT is reliable and trustworthy
• Scientifically
• Prophetically
• Transmission Method
• Consistency

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Old Testament OverviewSegment AIntroduction
and Overview